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Topic: Nines System

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	Eights System - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Eights System is the informal name for one of the three most common grading scales used at educational institutions in the United States.
		The distribution is uneven because with the minimum passing standard of 70% the system observes, there are 31 possible passing numerical grades — from 70 through 100, all inclusive.
		As in other popular grading systems, a "+" or "−" modifier may be added to any of the letters (but customarily not to the "F") in order to draw a finer distinction.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Eights_System (321 words)

	Continuous Computing \| Products \| Papers \| Distributed Fault-Tolerant / High-Availability (DFT/HA) Systems
		A system may be considered highly reliable (that is, it may fail very infrequently), but if it is out of service for a significant period of time as a result of a failure, it will not be considered highly available.
		System designers can enhance the fault tolerance of a system by combining simple hardware redundancy with fault-management software: replicating hardware subsystems to provide the necessary back-up hardware in the case of failure and executing a copy of the same software on each node provide simple hardware redundancy.
		Otherwise, system designers and engineers will be forced to make a platform choice that may not be suited to their needs: they will be precluded from choosing alternative platforms that would work better for their application, or provide cost or other competitive advantages.
	www.trillium.com /papers/dftha (4133 words)

	A-F Grading System - K12 Academics
		The Tens System is used in Canada but the A-F system (or in the case of Ontario, the 0-4 system) values are different from those of the United States.
		The percentage system is not used in primary schools, as all marks shown on tests, assignments and on the report card are shown with the A-F or 0-4 system depending on province.
		In the Nines System the plus, base and minus bands are typically equal (spanning three points each) while plus and minus formats under the Eights System vary widely; often the base grade will consist of four points and the plus and minus grades will consist of two points each, but this is far from universal.
	www.k12academics.com /af_system.htm (1317 words)

	Runtime Application Patching for High Availability with Carrier-Grade Linux \| RTC Magazine
		Upgrading in a redundant system usually means that one of the redundant parts of the system must be brought down, upgraded, brought back up, and synchronized with the rest of the system.
		If the system was backed up and upgraded, it may not be possible to restore the old system without losing all the information collected since the upgrade.
		Some strange problem in the existing system may make upgrading to a new system very difficult due to differences in the deployed system versus what was developed and tested in the lab.
	www.rtcmagazine.com /home/article.php?id=100182 (730 words)

	LiebertWeb - Press Release
		The system design must permit concurrent maintenance of all power system components – supporting the load with part of the UPS system while other parts are being serviced.
		A two-module system (one primary, one reserve) requires at least one additional circuit breaker to permit choosing between the utility or the other UPS as the bypass source.
		Third, isolated redundant systems with two or more primary modules need a special circuit for selecting whether the reserve module or the utility will be the bypass source.
	www.liebert.com /aboutus/liebert/pressrel/2000/080100.asp (4000 words)

	MAGICNINES.Biz - Build Your Site With Us (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		System and Network Security: Users are prohibited from violating or attempting to violate the security of the MAGIC NINES Network.
		MAGIC NINES will investigate occurrences, which may involve such violations and may involve, and cooperate with, law enforcement authorities in prosecuting Users who are involved in such violations.
		MAGIC NINES is under no duty to look at each customer's or user's activities to determine if a violation of the AU{ has occurred, nor do we assume any responsibility through our AUP to monitor or police Internet-related activities.
	magicnines.biz /terms.html (2102 words)

	Enneagram Type Four with Enneagram Type Nine
		Enneagram Fours and Nines are both withdrawn and private, sensitive to the feelings and needs of the other and, empathetic to the suffering of others.
		Both Fours and Nines can be highly creative, and as a pair they enthusiastically support the other's creativity and give the other a good deal of space in which to develop their talents.
		Both Fours and Nines also bring a sensuality and love of comfort that is noteworthy; this may express itself in their lifestyle, traveling habits, and in their sexual and other intimate activities.
	www.enneagraminstitute.com /4and9.asp (771 words)

	Telecom's Holy Grail of Five Nines Reliability
		Highly reliable systems often include multiple power supplies and processors, battery backup, diesel or natural gas generators for longer power outages than batteries can handle, multiple diverse communication lines and extras of whatever else is likely to fail.
		One thing to be aware of is the five nines criteria tends to apply to whatever the person quoting it says it applies to.
		PBX systems that meet five nines availability may only do so for the core system and might not include individual line cards and certainly not the phones themselves and their wiring.
	www.enterprisevoip.com /articles/fivenines.php (658 words)

	Public Utilities Fortnightly - Perspective © 2001 PUR Inc.
		Transmission and distribution system upgrades produced from routine maintenance, regionalization efforts, and a strong national energy policy will result in higher levels of reliability, moving regional territories beyond 3-nines and possibly to a new 6-nines standard.
		System upgrades that are unnecessary for residential electric service may cost hundreds of billions of dollars.
		Alternatively, we can promote an upgrade in system reliability from the current standard of 3-nines to a new standard of 6-nines and let individual customers invest their own resources to bring their level of reliability to 9-nines.
	www.pur.com /pubs/3847.cfm (2368 words)

	CommsDesign - Using MTBF to Analyze Bus Reliability
		An example of a q-wide parallel system is shown for the case with a single NM and m CMs.
		In the parallel bus topology the bus is a common system module (CSS) and is a single point of failure.
		One thing to notice is that the system MTBF is not a function of the channel module MTBF or the number of CMs installed.
	www.commsdesign.com /showArticle.jhtml?articleID=22102999 (3105 words)

	STSC CrossTalk - Availability, Reliability, and Survivability: An Introduction and Some Contractual Implications - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The intent is that the buyer requests a specific system availability and reliability (e.g., 98 percent to 99.9 percent, and 85 percent to 90 percent, respectively).
		A complex system is composed of many interrelated components; failure of one component may not impact availability if the system is designed to withstand such a failure, while failure of another component may cause system downtime and hence degradation in availability.
		Systems that are based on multiple technologies, vendors, locations, or modes of operation could provide a degree of immunity to attacks, especially those targeted at only one aspect of the system.
	www.stsc.hill.af.mil /crosstalk/2006/03/0603MurphyMorgan.html (3270 words)

	High Availability Power Systems - White paper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Only a dual-bus system enables 100% concurrent maintenance, since one entire UPS and distribution system can be powered down while the other supports the critical load with conditioned power.
		In addition, high-availability systems should have external “wraparound” maintenance bypass cabinets, panelboards or switchboards to allow the UPS to be completely de-energized for annual preventive maintenance.
		Therefore the output frequency of the system is the same as the input frequency unless the UPS is operating on battery.
	home.att.net /~herb.alvarez/highnine.htm (3294 words)

	IEC: Building Carrier Grade Applications Using a Highly Available Database Management System
		However, a system that could be down for 5 ¼ consecutive minutes would be totally unacceptable as a carrier of emergency 911 phone traffic, for example, even if such downtime only happened once per year.
		These systems must rely on redundant, hot-standby components that can be swung into play within tens of milliseconds of the detection of a fault, and with minimal or no loss of data.
		Critical systems like these strive for "service continuity", in which downtime is imperceptible to the system user.
	www.iec.org /online/tutorials/carrier_grd_apps/topic02.html (333 words)

	Nines System - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Nines System is the informal name for a grading scale often used at educational institutions in English-speaking countries, particularly the United States.
		The system owes its name to the fact that each of the top four letter grades in it cover a range of nine points.
		The minimum passing mark under it is almost always 65%, or five points higher than in the more widely-used Tens System.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nines_System (225 words)

	NINES - The Saab Club Magazine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		As mentioned in NINES #264, the 1985 Volvo 244 was replaced by a 1983 900S, my first Saab with the 8-valve "H" engine, also known as the B201.
		While it would add to the anticipated life of that component, other systems on a 20-plus year old Saab could be expected to fail in the meantime.
		I would like to flush the system to see if there are any air bubbles or impurities, but unfortunately rust has seized the bleed screws for the calipers so I have been unable to bleed the system.
	www.winktimber.com /nines/rrvw_8v900.htm (1111 words)

	IBM Solutions development for IBM Systems: IBM eServer pSeries education
		Five nines uptime is generally thought of as the most achievable system with reasonable costs.
		Surveillance of system operation is one of many functions provided by the service processor, which is a separate microprocessor subsystem.
		To prevent an uncorrectable memory error from causing a system outage, the service processor initiates a deferred maintenance request on memory cards that have taken advantage of their spare bits and are experiencing additional correctable errors.
	www-03.ibm.com /servers/enable/site/peducation/wp/9c52/page_2.html (2645 words)

	Fault Tolerance Using RapidIO \| RTC Magazine
		Unfortunately for hardware designers, five nines reliability at the system level demands seven nines reliability at the hardware level because system failures are also due to software and human faults.
		In other words, five nines of system availability at the system level demands that the hardware be two orders of magnitude more reliable to compensate for software failures and human error.
		RapidIO was developed to eliminate in-system bottlenecks primarily in high-performance embedded, networking and communications applications by replacing existing bridged hierarchies of shared bus structures such as PCI and PCI-X with RapidIO (Figures 1 and 2).
	www.rtcmagazine.com /home/article.php?id=100211 (748 words)

	99.999 or Five Nines Uptime \| Website Monitoring
		You would need a second system that can step in at times of failure, this backup system would need to copy anything that could possibly fail.
		Others, such as a patient monitoring system or a 911 system, could result in loss of life or property.
		Most computer systems in hospitals are there for record keeping and are not as critical as one would think.
	jiploo.com /blog/99999-or-five-nines-uptime (501 words)

	NINES Pages - Research topics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		A cubature formula is efficient if it is exact for a large class of integrands (all polynomials up to a certain degree) and if it requires few integrand evaluations.
		The construction of an efficient cubature formula requires the solution of a large system of polynomial equations.
		Imposing symmetry on the cubature formula reduces the size of the system and often decomposes the cubature problem into a sequence of smaller cubature or quadrature problems.
	www.cs.kuleuven.ac.be /~nines/research/topics/multivar.html (291 words)

	exploring the realities of internet uptime [page 2 of 4] \| c o d e s t a (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Rule #2: Five nines is a goal reachable only through both fully automated system management, and rigorously controlled and tested applications.
		Even without a distraction, it's simply not possible for a system of any complexity, to have a problem confirmed, cross checked, and resolved, by a person, within five minutes.
		The truth is, unless you have an application that doesn't fail, the odds are that your hardware failures will still occur three to four times a year, which pushes the limit of human intervention.
	www.codesta.com /knowledge/management/uptime_realities/page_02.aspx (771 words)

	NINES Pages
		The aim of this research project is to develop reliable numerical methods and to construct software tools for counting and computing all isolated solutions of nonlinear systems in a certain (bounded) domain.
		The bounds take advantage of the sparseness of the systems as not the degrees, but the number of terms is taken into account.
		Finally, this polynomial system is to be solved using homotopy continuation methods.
	www.cs.kuleuven.ac.be /~nines/research/projects/fwo.html (361 words)

	Chapter 16 - The Ultimate in High Availability: Five Nines
		Five nines is 99.999 percent uptime for your systems, which, to many, is considered to be the ultimate in availability.
		By default, 2 GB of memory is dedicated to the operating system and 2 GB of memory to the application.
		If your system is very large, or has hotspots, you may decide to use filegroups as a method of splitting up the disk I/O. Further segmenting this by putting filegroups on different disks and different channels can result in a performance boost.
	www.microsoft.com /technet/prodtechnol/sql/2000/reskit/part4/c1661.mspx (9876 words)

	SoC drawer: Shared resource management
		All too often, systems are designed with unbalanced resources such that I/O latency, memory bounds, or processing becomes the bottleneck for performance.
		Embedded systems are starting to go beyond simple protection domains and direct physical address mapping to provide VM (Virtual Memory) memory maps.
		A "five nines" system (one with 99.999% uptime) can't be out of service for more than five minutes per year, so rebooting to recover directly affects a system's ability to meet this availability measure.
	www-128.ibm.com /developerworks/power/library/pa-soc5 (3335 words)

	Lynx Supports Motorola's High-Availability CompactPCI Systems
		The CompactPCI systems offer a platform suitable for applications that must meet a level of high availability known as "five nines" (99.999 percent), a term defining high availability for mission critical communications applications.
		In an open-architecture CompactPCI technology, this level of reliability requires built-in redundancy of all active system components to enable any active module to be hot swapped exchanged for repair or upgrade while the system continues to operate.
		No other real-time operating systems matches the degree of LynxOS compliance to POSIX, which defines the industry-standard API for UNIX and is the first standard API for real-time embedded applications.
	www.lynuxworks.com /corporate/news/press/1998/110298a.php3 (731 words)

	Embedded Papers - High Availability
		High availability is measured in terms of the percent of the time the system is available.
		A system with 3 nines of availability is available 99.9% of the time, which translates to about 9 hours of unplanned down time per year.
		For some applications, availability is measured in terms of the total time the system is continuously available, but for purposes of this paper we will distinguish between planned downtime and unplanned downtime, with availability measured in terms of unplanned downtime.
	www.embeddedstar.com /technicalpapers/content/h/embedded641.html (206 words)

	DeepNines Press Releases
		DALLAS, TEXAS — The recent theft of a significant portion of the Cisco Systems Internetwork Operating System (IOS) code has touched off a firestorm of doubt and concern among the countless companies whose networks operate on Cisco hardware.
		It operates outside the network infrastructure, improving organizations’ security “deep into the nines.” DeepNines’ Security Edge Platform, the company’s patent-pending security system, is a fully automated signature and behavior-based, intrusion prevention and traffic management system preventing known and unknown attacks from entering an organization’s network.
		DeepNines Technologies, Security Edge Platform, Security Edge System, Sleuth9 Security System, Sleuth9, ForensiX Capture System, Holistic Management Console, and Zero Footprint Technology are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of Deep Nines Inc. All other brands and products are trademarks and/or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
	www.deepnines.com /pressreleases/pr051804.php (559 words)

	Service System Manager - Motorola Job Posting
		The System Manager is responsible for insuring the Terms and Conditions of the warranty/service contract are met.
		The System Manager will be proactive in managing the resources available to sustain optimal uptime, “five-nines”-system availability and maximum beneficial use of the radio system.
		The System Manager will regularly review service information and quality reports generated by the system service database to determine an ongoing course of action.
	www.usajobs.org /jobs/205462.htm (396 words)

	HBO
		HBO has standardized on Sun and Grass Valley technology to make the transition from videotape-based environments to a digitized, server-based storage and play-out system that enables high-speed and 99.999 percent (five-nines) system availability to support its bicoastal network of 30 standard-definition (SD) and 4 high-definition (HD) channels, as well as on-demand distribution.
		In 2005, Sun delivered an additional multitiered storage solution that could house the HD content the broadcaster needed to access as well as a robust storage architecture that allowed easy and affordable distribution of unique content to a broader array of constituents.
		The tight integration of computer and broadcast systems is enabling HBO to eliminate videotape entirely to create an end-to-end digital media workflow and delivery solution that supports an unparalleled user experience.
	www.sun.com /customers/storage/hbo.xml (817 words)

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