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Topic: Ninth century BCE

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Jezebel (biblical)

	Africa - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Beginning in the sixteenth century, Europeans such as the Portuguese and Dutch began to establish trading posts and forts along the coasts of western and southern Africa.
		In the nineteenth century, a second phase of colonization brought a large number of French and British settlers to Africa.
		Around the ninth century BCE, Carthage (in present-day Tunisia) was founded by the Phoenicians, and went on to become a major cosmopolitan center where deities from neighboring Egypt, Rome and the Etruscan city-states were worshipped.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Africa (5416 words)

	willis
		In 1992, excavators unearthed an eighth century BCE destruction level (evidently remains of the destruction by Tiglath-pileser III in 733/732 BCE, cf.
		None of the pottery found beneath the wall is later than the middle of the ninth century BCE, indicating that the basalt stone was broken about that time and, therefore, that the stone with its inscription was set up originally in the first half of the ninth century BCE.
		Lines 10-11 refer to the brief reign of Ahaziah (son of Ahab) of Israel, and lines 11-12 to the reign of Joram (son of Ahab), whom Bar Hadad II besieged in Samaria (2 Kgs 6:8-7:20).
	www.acu.edu /sponsored/restoration_quarterly/archives/1990s/vol_37_no_4_contents/willis.html (1854 words)

	The Economy and Economic History of Azerbaijan
		The earliest perception of the occupation of the region was by Scythians in the ninth century BCE.
		In the eighth century BCE the Medes annexed part of the territory that is now Azerbaijan to their empire.
		When Alexander conquered the Persian empire in 330 BCE the region became part of his empire but was still ruled by Persian satraps.
	www.sjsu.edu /faculty/watkins/azerbaijan.htm (1751 words)

	The Megiddo Expedition > Iron Age Chronology > Introduction
		Dynasty rule in Canaan in the late twelfth century BCE and the Assyrian campaigns in the late eighth century BCE.
		The biblical testimony that Samaria was built by the Omrides (in the first half of the ninth century BCE) is supported by Assyrian sources, which refer to the Northern Kingdom as bit omri, that is, they name the kingdom after the founder of its capital.
		century BCE and associated with the United Monarchy of King Solomon, such as Megiddo VA-IVB and Hazor X, should be down dated to the first half of the ninth century BCE and associated with the Omride Dynasty of the Northern Kingdom.
	www.tau.ac.il /humanities/archaeology/megiddo/ia_introduction.html (1381 words)

	Africa - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		Beginning in the 16th century, Europeans such as the Portuguese and Dutch began to establish trading posts and forts along the coasts of western and southern Africa.
		A recent development of the 21st century is the emergence of African hip hop, in particular a form from Senegal is blended with traditional mbalax.
		Around the ninth century BCE, Carthage (in present-day Tunisia) was founded by the Phoenicians, and went on to become a major cosmopolitan center of the ancient world in which deities from neighboring Egypt, Rome and the Etruscan city-states were worshipped.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/a/f/r/Africa.html (4105 words)

	Restoration Quarterly (The Newly Discovered Fragmentary Aramaic Inscription from Tel Dan) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In 1992, excavators unearthed an eighth century BCE destruction level (evidently remains of the destruction by Tiglath-pileser III in 733/732 BCE, cf.
		None of the pottery found beneath the wall is later than the middle of the ninth century BCE, indicating that the basalt stone was broken about that time and, therefore, that the stone with its inscription was set up originally in the first half of the ninth century BCE.
		Lines 10-11 refer to the brief reign of Ahaziah (son of Ahab) of Israel, and lines 11-12 to the reign of Joram (son of Ahab), whom Bar Hadad II besieged in Samaria (2 Kgs 6:8-7:20).
	www.restorationquarterly.org /Volume_037/rq03704willis.htm (1808 words)

	1000-500 BCE
		Solomon (975-931 BCE?), a king of Israel and Judah, is described in the Hebrew Bible as ruling over a vast empire.
		Attempts to extend these rules to individual human and social behavior were often un convincing and turned attention to more direct consideration of psychology and ethics in humanistic studies by individuals whose works are better preserved.
		He was born about 563 BCE with the family name of Gotama and the personal name of Siddhattha.
	www.humanistictexts.org /500_1000BCE.htm (1148 words)

	Africa Travel Agencies, ASFA Members - travel agents for cheap airline tickets and discount air fares
		Slavery began to be phased out in Europe and America in the early 19th century, resulting in a dramatic shift in the economies of coastal states such as Dahomey and Ashante.
		Beginning in the 16th century, Europeans such as the Portuguese and Dutch began to establish trading posts and forts along the coasts of western and southern Africa.
		Around the ninth century BCE, Carthage (in present-day Tunisia) was founded by the Phoenicians, and went on to become a major cosmopolitan center where deities from neighboring Egypt, Rome and the Etruscan city-states were worshipped.
	www.specialfares.net /continent.php?continent=1 (4384 words)

	Anti Essays : : Comparison of Baroque Flute and Modern Flute (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The earliest record of a flute is in a ninth century BCE Chinese poem Shih Ching, but the first pictorial evidence of a transverse flute comes from the second century BCE, found on an urn in Italy.
		In the sixteenth century, it was cylindrical, and by the eighteenth century it had become more or less conical.
		In the seventeenth century, instrumental music was becoming more widespread, but the flute remained largely ignored, and instead had to make do with violin or oboe parts.
	www.antiessays.com /print.php?eid=1654 (1340 words)

	Jordan - Touristic Sites - South of Amman
		The summit of Umm al-Biyara mountain, in central Petra, is often identified as the Sela of the Bible.
		Sometime during the sixth century BCE, a nomadic tribe known as the Nabateans migrated from western Arabia and settled in the area.
		Undertaken between the third century BCE and the first century CE, but never completed, it is less ornate than the Khazneh.
	www.kinghussein.gov.jo /tourism6d.html (3259 words)

	Lesson Plan no. 64 \| Chinese Inventions \| AskAsia.org
		About the fourth century BCE the Chinese devised a harness with a breast strap known as the trace harness, modified approximately one hundred later into the collar harness.
		Descriptions of the wheelbarrow in China refer to first century BCE, and the oldest surviving picture, a frieze relief from a tomb-shrine in Szechuan province, dates from about 118 CE.
		By the fourth century a common toy in China was the helicopter top, called the 'bamboo dragonfly.' The top was an axis with a cord wound round it, and with blades sticking out from the axis and set at an angle.
	www.askasia.org /teachers/lessons/plan.php?no=64&era=04&grade=00&geo=00 (1604 words)

	Jordan - History - The Old Testament Kingdoms of Jordan
		By around 1000 BCE, however, iron was in widespread use throughout the region.
		The Moabites are best known from the Mesha Stele, a ninth-century BCE stone which extols the deeds of the Moabite King Mesha.
		The Kingdom of Ammon around 950 BCE displayed rising prosperity based on agriculture and trade, as well as an organized defense policy with a series of fortresses.
	www.kinghussein.gov.jo /his_testament.html (1135 words)

	Controversy over the use of CE and BCE to identify dates in history
		BCE stands for "Before the common era." It is expected to eventually replace BC, which means "Before Christ," or "Before the Messiah.
		Most theologians and religious historians believe that the approximate birth date of Yeshua of Nazareth (Jesus) was in the fall, sometime between 7 and 4 BCE, although we have seen estimates as late as 4 CE and as early as the second century BCE.
		Although CE and BCE were originally used mainly within theological writings, the terms are gradually receiving greater usage in secular writing, the media, and in the culture generally.
	www.religioustolerance.org /ce.htm (1737 words)

	Biblical Tours In Turkey,Seven Churches Tour,Turkey Religious Tours,Tour Of Paul's Journeys
		It is a city of minarets and mosques, and was home to the thirteenth century mystic philosopher and theologian Mevlana, and the whirling dervishes.
		Though Greece had long since lost the commercial and military strength of earlier centuries, it was the birthplace of the architecture, language, mythology and philosophy that had permeated the entire East.
		In 356 BCE, the mines were seized by Philip of Macedon, the father of Alexander the Great, and he named the town after himself.
	www.turkeyreligioustours.com /in-the-foot-steps-of-st-paul-4.asp (1929 words)

	The Shelby White - Leon Levy Program for Archaeological Publications
		According to S. Yeivin, it was built in the tenth century BCE, at the bequest of King Solomon, in order to protect the approach from the sea and prevent possible hostile raids against inland settlements located along the Yarkon.
		According to the excavators, the second fortress could be dated to the late ninth and eighth centuries BCE.
		This fortress was built upon the ruined first fortress, as a 30 m long and 2.5 m thick segment of the eastern wall was discovered built against the faqade of the earlier building, with alternating insets and offsets.
	www.fas.harvard.edu /~semitic/wl/digsites/Levant_coastal/Qudadi_04/index.htm (470 words)

	Bible Chronology
		He was born in 3152 BCE, the son of Methuselah and the father of Noah, and ninth in the line from Adam to Noah.
		Born in 2333 BCE, he was the son of Arpachshad, the father of Eber, and the third generation from Noah.
		Born in 2008 BCE, she was the daughter of Terah and the half-sister and wife of Abraham.
	www.betterdaysarecoming.com /chron/chronology.html (11914 words)

	Altman: Zoilos Votive Inscription
		Approximately 6 years ago, a group of votive inscriptions dated to the 6th-5th centuries BCE were found in a cave on Parnassus.
		A 2nd- century BCE white-ware vase factory was unearthed while extending the subway system.
		One statue of a mourning woman by a Greek master of the 4th BCE was particularly popular for funerary use both in Greece and later in Rome.
	orion.mscc.huji.ac.il /orion/programs/Altman/Altman00.shtml (3002 words)

	Grounds for disbelief - Haaretz - Israel News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In the 14th century BCE there are stories about local kings who ask Pharaoh for help against one another, asking him to send 50 soldiers - in other words, that was the number that was sufficient to impose order here.
		There is an inscription from Tel Dan from the ninth century BCE that mentions the southern kingdom by the name of `the house of David.' So it stands to reason that they existed, but the question is whether they ruled a large empire, and about that there is not the slightest hint.
		Its genre is influenced by the Assyrian and Babylonian period, from the eighth and seventh centuries BCE.
	www.haaretz.com /hasen/pages/ShArt.jhtml?itemNo=291264&contrassID=2&subContrassID=14&sbSubContrassID=0&listSrc=Y (4122 words)

	Barnes & Noble.com - Homer - Books: Meet the Writers
		The Mycenaeans were a society of warriors and traders; beginning around 1600 BCE, they became a major power in the Mediterranean.
		Herodotus, the ancient Greek historian, placed Homer sometime around the ninth century BCE, at the beginning of the Archaic period, in which the Greeks adopted a system of writing from the Phoenicians and widely colonized the Mediterranean.
		And modern scholarship shows that the most recent details in the poems are datable to the period between 750 and 700 BCE.
	www.barnesandnoble.com /writers/writerdetails.asp?z=y&cid=30067 (414 words)

	A Major Exciting Event on the Temple Mount
		An Ancient Hebrew Inscription is Found Dating from the Ninth Century BCE Describing Temple Repairs by King Jehoash of Judah
		It was an inscription written on a fl stone by the descendant of David, King Jehoash of Judah, who ruled in Jerusalem at the end of the ninth century BCE.
		It is the assumption of the experts from the geological institute that these specks are the result of a smelting event and it may belong to the terrible event of the burning of the Temple a few hundred years later.
	www.templemountfaithful.org /News/20030113.htm (2188 words)

	Jewish and Israel News from New York - The Jewish Week (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Perhaps as early as the ninth century BCE, King Solomon’s fleets already were traversing the Mediterranean to its far west, to the lands mentioned in the Bible as “Sefarad” and now known as Spain and Portugal.
		Throughout the 15th century, the so-called “golden age” of Portuguese Jewry, Jewish scientists invented the nautical instruments, Jewish cartographers created the maps, Jewish linguists interpreted the languages, Jewish doctors treated the diseases and Jewish bankers financed the fleets that made possible Portugal’s ascendancy in exploring the New World and circumnavigating the globe.
		It was not until the decline of the Inquisition and its abolition in 1821 that the Sephardic Jews, who had resettled in Gibraltar and North Africa, began to return to the land of their ancestors.
	www.thejewishweek.com /news/newscontent.php3?artid=3960&print=yes (1030 words)

	Jerichosanomalies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		After the 14th century, occupation at Jericho is not substantially attested again until the 8th, but principally the 7th century BC...It may well be that this occupation continued until the coming of Nebuchadrezzar's army in the early 6th century BC (cf.
		If Iron Age Jericho is no older than the extensive 7th century BCE ruins found at `Ein es-Sultan, then a period of 100/200 years would have had to have elapsed allowing the national memory to forget when Jericho had been rebuilt.
		It is unlikely that the Heil the Bethelite narrative was composed in the 8/7th century BCE when the national memory would remember the correct foundation date of the city.
	www.homestead.com /bibleorigins*net/Jerichosanomalies.html (3550 words)

	Journal of Religion and Society
		Going behind the lines, so to speak, it will frame and evaluate the current debate among archaeologists over the architectural landscape of the Levant during the tenth century BCE and conclude that on the basis of both evidence and argument the conventional model remains largely intact as supported by the archaeological record.
		Crucial to the investigation is whether or not one finds at the tenth-century BCE level the kind of monumental structures that would have represented a centralized political entity's administrative, ideological, and religious presence.
		However, having said this it should also be kept in mind that the challenge to the conventional model Finkelstein presents is constructive in that it forces archaeologists to "dig a little deeper," to demonstrate scientifically what may have been too easily accepted as true on the basis of an uncritical reading of the Bible.
	moses.creighton.edu /JRS/2001/2001-7.html (3556 words)

	Vegetarians in Paradise/Garlic History/Garlic Nutrition/Garlic Folklore/Garlic as Medicine/Garlic Recipes
		Egypt's youngest pharaoh, Tutankhamen (1350 BCE), was sent on his journey into the afterlife accompanied with garlic, considered the protector of the soul and guardian of his riches in the afterlife.
		During the ninth century Baghdad flourished as the center of the Moslem culture and science.
		A 300 BCE Greek custom used by travelers for protection from evil spirits was to place garlic at a crossroads to confuse the demons and cause them to lose their way.
	www.vegparadise.com /highestperch.html (8447 words)

	HUC-JIR - The Chronicle - 1999
		The students were most impressed by what they saw and especially by the remarkable eighteenth century BCE Triple Arch Gate of the city then called Laish.
		From the Triple Arch Gate, the Prime Minister proceeded to the ninth century BCE Israelite fortifications of Dan, entered the gate built by King Ahab, saw the masseboth-sacred pillars, the canopied structure to the right of the entrance, and continued to the upper gate built by Jeroboam II in the early eighth century BCE.
		Moreover, it is possible that because of the hussoth, it is here that at the end of the ninth century BCE, Hazael, king of Damascus, had set his victory stele.
	www.huc.edu /chronicle/1999/teldan.html (710 words)

	Hebrew Goddess
		A Hebrew inscription on a broken storage jar, found in Kuntillet 'Ajrud in north-eastern Sinai and dated from the beginning of the eighth century BCE has three primitive figures: a standing male figure in the foreground; a female figure just behind him; and a seated musician in the background.
		Furthermore, a tomb inscription from el-Qom in Judea, dated to the eighth century BCE too, concludes with the words: 'to Yhwh and his Asherah' (Margalit, 1989, 1990 and further references there).
		We remember that, according to the Bible itself, in the ninth century BCE Asherah was officially worshipped in Israel; her cult was matronized by Jezebel who, supposedly, imported it from her native Phoenician homeland.
	northernway.org /hgoddess.html (1212 words)

	The Jerusalem Perspective: 150 Years of Archaeological Research : Abstracts
		The formative period in the ninth century BCE—the first major step in the growth of Jerusalem: The city expands along the ridge of the City of David.
		Full-blown statehood under an empire, the late eighth—seventh centuries BCE: In this “great leap forward” in the history of Iron Age Jerusalem, the city expands to the Western Hill and is fortified for the first time.
		Historically, special emphasis will be placed on successive periods of foreign dominance over Jerusalem by the Omrides in the first half of the ninth century; Hazael of Damascus in the second half of the ninth century; and, finally, Assyria in the second half of the eighth and much of the seventh century BCE.
	www.brown.edu /Facilities/CIS/sta/dev/jerusalem/abstracts.php?cmd=view_abstract&id=20 (292 words)

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