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Topic: Nipah virus


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In the News (Tue 29 Dec 09)

  
  Hendra Virus Disease and Nipah Virus Encephalitis | CDC Special Pathogens Branch
Hendra Virus Disease and Nipah Virus Encephalitis
Nipah virus was initially isolated in 1999 upon examining samples from an outbreak of encephalitis and respiratory illness among adult men in Malaysia and Singapore.
Nipah virus caused a relatively mild disease in pigs in Malaysia and Singapore.
www.cdc.gov /ncidod/dvrd/spb/mnpages/dispages/nipah.htm   (835 words)

  
 WHO | Nipah virus
Nipah virus is a newly recognized zoonotic virus.
The risk of transmission of Nipah virus from sick animals to humans is thought to be low, and transmission from person-to-person has not yet been documented, even in the context of a large outbreak.
During the investigation of this outbreak, Nipah virus, a previously unrecognized virus, was identified as the causal agent.
www.who.int /mediacentre/factsheets/fs262/en   (731 words)

  
 Henipavirus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This outbreak was diagnosed retrospectively by the presence of Hendra virus in the brain of the patient.
Nipah virus was identified in 1999 when it caused an outbreak of neurological and respiratory disease on pig farms in peninsular Malaysia, resulting in 105 human deaths and the culling of one million pigs
The transmission of Nipah virus from flying foxes to pigs is thought to be due to an increasing overlap between bat habitats and piggeries in peninsular Malaysia.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nipah_virus   (1875 words)

  
 Untitled Document
The initial consideration of Japanese encephalitis virus was based on the nature of the clinical signs in the affected people as well as the strong epidemiological connection between infections in humans and contact with pigs.
Nipah virus is genetically most closely related to Hendra virus, another recently discovered novel paramyxovirus, but the two are distinct viruses.
Epidemiological trace-back studies of the Nipah virus outbreak in pig farms in the Ipoh district of Malaysia, 1997-1999.
www.vetmed.wisc.edu /pbs/zoonoses/Nipah/nipahindex.html   (519 words)

  
 Virology Journal | Full text | Quantitative estimation of Nipah virus replication kinetics in vitro
Nipah virus is a zoonotic virus isolated from an outbreak in Malaysia in 1998.
Nipah virus, an enveloped, non-segmented, negative-stranded RNA virus is a recently discovered zoonotic virus belonging to the genus Henipavirus of the Paramyxoviridae family [1,2].
Virus with high sequence similarity to Nipah virus was isolated from flying foxes in Malaysia and Cambodia [12,13] and sero-prevalence studies also revealed the presence of antibodies reactive to Nipah virus amongst these bats in Malaysia, Cambodia and Thailand [13-16].
www.virologyj.com /content/3/1/47   (4239 words)

  
 Nipah virus
The cause of the outbreak in Malaysia was found to be a previously unknown virus, named Nipah after the area where it was identified.
Nipah virus is part of the family of viruses called Paramyxoviridae, but researchers have found enough unique characteristics of Nipah and another virus, Hendra, to give them their own genus, Henipavirus.
Although person-to-person transmission of Nipah virus has not been reported, the outbreaks in Bangladesh are cause for concern.
www.malattiemetaboliche.it /articoli/nipah_virus.htm   (505 words)

  
 CIDRAP >> Nipah Virus
Nipah, an emerging medical and veterinary concern, is a virus that mainly affects pigs and humans.
Nipah virus has been shown to cause clinical disease in swine and humans as well as serologic changes in several common farm animals and in various bat species.
Nipah is presumably derived from a fruit bat virus that spread to swine and adapted over a few years in closely confined swine herds.
www.cidrap.umn.edu /cidrap/content/biosecurity/ag-biosec/anim-disease/nipah.html   (1457 words)

  
 Nipah Virus Infection: Introduction - The Merck Veterinary Manual
Nipah virus disease is a newly discovered disease of swine and humans associated with infection with a new paramyxovirus given the name Nipah virus.
The virus is assumed to have been introduced into the swine population from 1 of the 2 species of Pteropus found with Nipah virus antibodies during investigation of the outbreak.
Transmission of the virus from infected pigs to humans was largely in an occupational setting, and a study of risk factors associated with human infection suggests that close contact with live infected swine is the means of infection of nearly all human Nipah virus infections.
www.merckvetmanual.com /mvm/htm/bc/53900.htm   (732 words)

  
 Nipah virus, bats, and forest loss in Malaysia
The previously unknown "Nipah" virus, named for the Malaysian village where it was first isolated, leapt from beast to man and killed both at a torrid rate.
Nipah's emergence in 1998 may have derived from the interaction of man and nature, according to Daszak and researcher Jonathan Patz, director of the Program on Health Effects Of Global Environmental Change at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore.
They passed the virus on to pigs via their urine, as well as their saliva in the half-eaten fruit that fell to the ground and was then eaten by the pigs.
www.mongabay.com /external/Nipah_virus.htm   (4763 words)

  
 NIPAH Virus   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
Nipah virus is an emerging zoonotic disease, first described in 1999 and is caused by a virus of the Paramyxoviridae family.
In 2001, the OIE officially declared Malaysia free from Nipah virus infection in its pig population.
The main risk of Nipah virus being introduced in the Northern Pacific Islands is through the migration of bats, since fruit bats and flying foxes are known to travel long distances.
www.spc.int /rahs/Manual/Porcine/nipahE.htm   (740 words)

  
 Invasion of the Central Nervous System in a Porcine Host by Nipah Virus -- Weingartl et al. 79 (12): 7528 -- The ...
Nipah virus antigen detected in the smooth muscle cells and in the endothelial cells of small blood vessels in the brain using polyclonal guinea pig anti-Nipah virus serum.
Nipah virus infection of pigs in peninsular Malaysia.
Nipah virus infection: pathology and pathogenesis of an emerging paramyxoviral zoonosis.
jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/79/12/7528   (4830 words)

  
 Chapter 1: The emergence of Nipah virus   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
However, retrospective investigations suggest that Nipah virus has been responsible for sporadic disease in pigs in Peninsular Malaysia since late 1996, but was not recognized as a new syndrome because the clinical signs were not markedly different from those of several endemic pig diseases, and because morbidity and mortality were not remarkable (Aziz et al.
Cross neutralization of Nipah antigen by antibodies to Hendra virus was excluded as the cause of the reactivity.
Subsequently, Nipah virus was isolated from the urine of a free living colony of Pteropus hyomelanus in Malaysia (Chua et al.
www.fao.org /docrep/005/ac449e/ac449e04.htm   (1656 words)

  
 News Releases: Iowa State University
Nipah virus is a zoonotic disease that humans can contract by coming into direct contact with swine.
In 1998 and 1999, a Nipah virus outbreak in Malaysia caused the deaths of over 1 million swine and encephalitic conditions in 265 humans.
Roth said the goal of the study is to use a viral vector to determine if production of an immune response to Nipah virus proteins in swine results in immunity to the virus, much like a vaccination does for the measles.
www.iastate.edu /~nscentral/releases/2002/jun/nipah.shtml   (391 words)

  
 Antibodies to Nipah-like virus in bats , Cambodia - Pteropus lylei - Dispatches Emerging Infectious Diseases - Find ...
We detected antibodies cross-reactive to Nipah virus by enzyme immunoassay in 11 (11.5%) of 96 Lyle's flying foxes (Pteropus lylei).
Nipah virus cases clustered in members of the same household, suggesting a high attack rate; in contrast, JEV causes symptomatic encephalitis in approximately 1/300 infected persons.
Nipah virus infection in pigs was frequently asymptomatic or, alternatively, occurred as an acute febrile illness with temperatures [greater than or equal to] 40[degrees]C, accompanied by signs of respiratory and neurologic disease.
www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0GVK/is_9_8/ai_92035338   (945 words)

  
 Nipah virus zoonotic swine disease kills pig farmers   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
In the Nipah virus epidemic, which began in October 1998, 258 people (mostly pig farm workers) developed encephalitis and 104 died.
One man died and Nipah virus was identified in CSF and tissue by reverse transcriptase PCR.
The conference was held in Taipei from 23 to 26 November and opened by the Honourable Dr Tso-Kwei Peng, Chairman of the Council of Agriculture of the Executive Yuan of Taipei China.
www.pighealth.com /News99/NIPAH.HTM   (1329 words)

  
 Nipah virus: Consortium for Conservation Medicine
Nipah virus (NiV) first emerged in Malaysia in 1998, infecting 265 people and resulting in more than 100 deaths in a single outbreak.
This lethal virus (case fatality rate >40%) was first identified in pigs and pig farmers.
Isolation of Nipah virus from Malaysian Island Flying-foxes.
www.conservationmedicine.org /nipah.htm   (756 words)

  
 Nipah virus definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
Nipah virus: A virus that infects pigs and people in whom it causes a sometimes fatal form of viral encephalitis (brain inflammation).
Nipah is the name of the first village the virus struck near Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia.
Nipah virus caused a severe outbreak of viral encephalitis in Malaysia in 1998 - 1999.
www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9272   (292 words)

  
 Australia attempts to develop treatments against Hendra virus and Nipah virus
Nipah virus killed more than 100 people in Malaysia in 1999 and re-emerged again in 2001 and 2004 in Bangladesh killing up to 75 per cent of people infected.
Dr Mungall says that while the Malaysian outbreak of Nipah virus was believed to be transmitted from bats to pigs to humans, there is evidence that the Bangladesh outbreaks involved direct bat-to-human and possibly human-to-human transmission.
In a related project, researchers have shown that antibodies recognising one of the virus proteins are capable of neutralising the virus and preventing the virus infecting cells.
www.news-medical.net /?id=7193   (465 words)

  
 The Nipah Virus   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
Nipah virus is a novel virus of the Malay Peninsula.
Research has shown that Nipah virus shares a number of commonalties with a previously known virus, the Hendra virus.
Hendra virus is Australian in origin and affects horses and, possibly, humans.
pigseye.kennesaw.edu /~rfaucher/Nipah.htm   (210 words)

  
 Scientists Discover How Nipah Virus Enters Cells, July 6, 2005 Press Release - National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Nipah and Hendra are emerging viruses that cause serious respiratory and neurological disease.
Hendra virus, so far less of a threat to human health, was first identified in 1994 in Australia when it spread from horses to humans.
Ephrin B2 is the entry receptor for Nipah virus, an emergent deadly paramyxovirus.
www.nih.gov /news/pr/jul2005/niaid-06.htm   (1073 words)

  
 Late presentation of Nipah virus encephalitis and kinetics of the humoral immune response -- Wong et al. 71 (4): 552 -- ...
Nipah virus is a newly discovered paramyxovirus transmitted directly from pigs to humans.
Vero E6 cells were infected with a Nipah virus strain isolated from the pons of a fatal human case in 1998.
Laboratory diagnosis of Nipah and Hendra virus infections.
jnnp.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/71/4/552   (1796 words)

  
 Nipah Virus-Paramyxoviridae - Vads Corner
Nipah virus infection among abattoir workers in Malaysia, 1998-1999.
Molecular characterization of the polymerase gene and genomic termini of Nipah virus.
The Presence of Nipah Virus in Respiratory Secretions and Urine of Patients during an Outbreak of Nipah Virus Encephalitis in Malaysia.
www.vadscorner.com /paramyxo.html   (2410 words)

  
 extract from STAR ONLINE: News Article
Nipah belongs to the paramyxovirus family, which includes distemper in dogs and common measles.
While paramyxoviruses are relatively common, Nipah and Hendra (the virus that killed 13 horses and two horse trainers in Australia) are the only members of the same genus.
While the virus is found in the patient's saliva and urine during the initial phase of infection, there is no record of family members being infected.
agrolink.moa.my /jph/dvs/nipah/star000410/nipah-profile.html   (1820 words)

  
 OUTBREAK NEWS: NIPAH VIRUS :- CCDR Volume 29-01
The risk of transmission of Nipah virus from sick animals to humans is thought to be low, and transmission from person-to- person has not yet been documented, even in the context of a large outbreak.
There have been three recognized outbreaks of Hendra virus in Australia in 1994 and 1999.
All three individuals appear to have acquired their infection as a result of close contact with horses which were ill and later died.
www.phac-aspc.gc.ca /publicat/ccdr-rmtc/03vol29/dr2901ed.html   (742 words)

  
 Nipah Virus in Bangladesh, - Public Health Agency of Canada
The Nipah virus is a newly recognized virus, discovered in 1999 in Malaysia, which is believed to be linked to certain species of fruit bats in areas of Australia, Malaysia, the Philippines and some Pacific Islands.
It is not well understood how transmission occurs from animals to humans, but it appears that close contact with contaminated tissues or body fluids from infected animals may be the cause of infection in humans.
A previous outbreak of Nipah virus occurred in Bangladesh during February, 2004, and included 17 deaths.
www.phac-aspc.gc.ca /tmp-pmv/2004/nipah040422_e.html   (421 words)

  
 Nipah Virus Disease - Managing Pig Health
In March 1999 a previously unknown virus was isolated from an adult male who having had contact with pigs died.
The virus was identified as a previously unknown paramyxovirus and the disease was called Nipah Disease from the village in Malaysia where it was first identified.
Nipah Virus A thorough article from CIDRAP covering all aspects of the disease.
www.thepigsite.com /pighealth/article/452/nipah-virus-disease   (582 words)

  
 Nipah Virus: A Recently Emergent Deadly Paramyxovirus -- Chua et al. 288 (5470): 1432 -- Science   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
Nipah Virus V and W Proteins Have a Common STAT1-Binding Domain yet Inhibit STAT1 Activation from the Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Compartments, Respectively.
Nipah virus conforms to the rule of six in a minigenome replication assay.
Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV)-Based Assay Demonstrates Interferon-Antagonist Activity for the NDV V Protein and the Nipah Virus V, W, and C Proteins.
www.sciencemag.org /cgi/content/abstract/288/5470/1432   (1445 words)

  
 Nipah virus isolated from Malaysian island flying foxes
About five years ago, Nipah virus was discovered in Malaysia affecting pigs and humans and causing severe morbidity and mortality.
Recently Chua et al at the Department of Microbiology, University of Malaya have isolated Nipah virus from the island flying foxes and Malaysian flying foxes, thus proving their definitive role as reservoirs of the infection.
This report of Nipah virus isolation from the Island flying-fox along with serological evidence confirms their central role as natural hosts of the virus.
www.petspourri.com /veterinarian52.htm   (208 words)

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