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Topic: Nizamiyyah

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	Al-Ghazali - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Being recognized by Nizam al-Mulk, the vizir of the Seljuq sultans, he was appointed head of the Nizamiyyah College at Baghdad in AH 484/AD 1091.
		As the intellectual head of the Islamic community, he was busy lecturing on Islamic jurisprudence at the College, and also refuting heresies and responding to questions from all segments of the community.
		After leaving Baghdad, he wandered as a Sufi in Syria and Palestine before returning to Tus, where he was engaged in writing, Sufi practices and teaching his disciples until his death.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Al-Ghazali (4241 words)

	al ghazali (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		He lectured at the Nizamiyyah school of Baghdad (the highest ranked academy of the golden era of Islamic civilization) between 1091 and 1096.
		He had literally hundreds of scholars attending his lectures at the Nizamiyyah.
		He ended his seclusion for a short lecturing period at the Nizamiyyah of Nishapur in 1106.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /al_ghazali.html (398 words)

	Nizamiyyah - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		Nizamiyah Madrasahs (schools) were established by Khwaja Nizam al-Mulk, the most famous vizier of the Seljuk Empire, thus the name Nizamiyyah became popularized in Islamic History.
		The most famous and celebrated of all the Nizamiyyah schools was the Nizamiyyah of Baghdad (established 1065) where Khwaja Nizam al-Mulk appointed the most distinguished Muslim Philosopher and Theologian, al-Ghazali, as a professor.
		The other Nizamiyyah schools were located in Nishapur, Balkh, Herat and Isfahan.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nizamiyyah (159 words)

	Nizamiyyah - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Nizamiyah Madrasahs (schools) were established by Khwajah Nizam al-Mulk Tusi, the most famous vizier of the Seljuk Empire, thus the name Nizamiyyah became popularized in Islamic History.
		One of the original purposes for the founding of these Madrasahs could have been to protect the Sunni ideology from the aggressive Fatimid Shi'ite missionaries.
		The most famous and celebrated of all the Nizamiyyah schools was the Nizamiyyah of Baghdad (established 1065) where Nizam al-Mulk Tusi appointed the most distinguished Muslim Philosopher and Theologian, al-Ghazali, as a professor.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Nizamiyyah (187 words)

	Read about Al-Ghazali at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Al-Ghazali and learn about Al-Ghazali here! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		And thus early on in his career he excelled as a lecturer in Shafi jurisprudence.
		Only four years after being appointed to the head of the Nizamiyyah College, however, Ghazali underwent a spiritual crisis that was to completely overhaul his theological perspective.
		He ended his seclusion for a short lecturing period, at the behest of Fakhr al-Mulk, the vizer of the Seljuk ruler of Khorasan, at the Nizamiyyah of Tus in
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Al-Ghazali (1239 words)

	Rise and Spread of Islam 622-1500: Politics, Law, Military History Summary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		The best-known, longest-lasting, and most influential of Nizam al-Mulk's projects was the founding of Nizamiyyah madrasahs (colleges) in several cities of the Saljuk realm, which at that time covered most of the eastern Muslim world.
		Although madrasahs had already been established as separate institutions independent from masjids, his Nizamiyyah madrasahs gave a strong impetus to the madrasah movement, establishing professorships supported by regular stipends from endowments belonging to each school.
		The state the Saljuks overthrew had been Shi'i, and the Nizamiyyah emphasized the teachings of the Sunni Shafi'i school, which the Saljuks supported, thus demonstrating their Sunni legitimacy.
	www.bookrags.com /history-islam-politics-law-military/sub24.html (645 words)

	AAS Abstracts: South Asia Session 78 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		Madrasahs such as that at Deoband reorganized the curriculum known as the Dars-i Nizamiyyah (pioneered by the scholars of the Firangi Mahalli family) to place more emphasis on hadith and less on the rational sciences (ma'qul).
		Sir Salar Jang I and Sir Salar Jang II) tended to de-emphasize the Dars-i Nizamiyyah.
		Though the founder of the school, Shaykh Anwarullah, received a personal stipend from the Nizams Mahbub and Osman while also acting as their tutor, the Nizam's government did not directly support the Jamiah until the 1920s.
	www.aasianst.org /absts/1997abst/southasi/sa78.htm (1471 words)

	Al- Ghazali on Economic Issues and Economic Behaviour (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		A son of a poor but righteous spinner, he lost his father at a young age and began study with his father's sufi leader and friend, then joined a madrasah (a religious institution), and gained knowledge from several reputed scholars of the time.
		His reputation as a scholar made Nizam al-Mulk al-Tusi to appoint him to the Chair of Theology at the Nizamiyyah College of Baghdad in 1091 at his age of 34.
		Although highly successful in teaching, drawing even the jurists in his classes, he left the college in 1094, performed hajj (pilgrimage), traveled places to meet great Islamic personalities, and devoted to Sufism when he also got time for writing.
	islamic-world.net /economics/al_ghazali.htm (4051 words)

	Re: Muhammad al-Ghazali (450AH/1058 - 505 AH/1111 CE) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		He returned to Tus for three years only > to leave afterwards for Nishapur, where he joined the Nizamiyyah school and > studied under Imam Al-Haramayn Al-Juwaini for eight years until the death of > his teacher in 478 AH / 1085 CE.
		He > ended his seclusion to teach for a short period at the Nizamiyyah of > Nishapur in 499 AH / 1106 CE.
		Although he was > teaching three hundred students at the Nizamiyyah of Baghdad and writing on > the Islamic revealed sciences at the same time, in his spare time he was > able to master philosophy in less than two years.
	www.talkaboutreligion.com /group/alt.religion.islam/messages/855246.html (4181 words)

	Al-Ghazali (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		Having been noted for his outstanding abilities, Nizam al-Mulk, following the death of al-Juwayni, appointed him head of the Nizamiyyah College at Baghdad in 1091.
		As a lecturer until 1095 Ghazali managed to attract literally hundreds of scholars, demonstrating his extensive contemporary popularity.
		He ended his seclusion for a short lecturing period, at the behest of Fakhr al-Mulk, the vizer of the Seljuk ruler of Khorasan, at the Nizamiyyah of Tus in 1106.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/A/Al-Ghazali.htm (1815 words)

	Hawza Illmiyya of London
		In both scenarios there was a period of persecution faced by each school respectively, the Baghdad Mutazilite's persecution under Harun al-Rashid with the simultaneous animosity from the traditionalists, and the anti-Asharite sentiments being instigated during Tughril Beg's Sultanate from a variety of groups.
		A second parallel we find between these two scenarios is a sudden change in the political position in favour of the previously persecuted group, and furthermore we see an active rather than a passive role of the governments in both cases.
		Put simply, the Nizamiyyah College could survive the change in administration better and for longer, and this is highlighted by the fact that the Nizamiyyah College was still running and refurbished by Ata Malek Juvaini (d.1283) during the Mongol Ilkhanate period, whereas the government policy of al-Mamun would remain just that, a policy.
	www.hawza.org.uk /index.php?option=content&task=view&id=90 (8955 words)

	Articles - Higher education in Iran (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		The history of the establishment of western style academic universities in Iran dates back to 1851 with the establishment of Darolfonoon â€“ which was founded as a result of the efforts of the royal vizier Mirza Taghi Khan Amir Kabir, aimed at training and teaching Iranian experts in many fields of science and technology.
		However the existence of schools such as the Nizamiyyah and The Academy of Gundishapur provide examples of academic institutions of science that date back to ancient times.
		It was in 1928 that Iran's first university, as we know it today, was proposed by an Iranian physicist.
	www.winacea.com /articles/Higher_education_in_Iran (567 words)

	al-Ghazali
		He returned to Tus for three years only to leave afterwards for Nishapur, where he joined the Nizamiyyah school and studied under Imam Al-Haramayn Al-Juwaini for eight years until the death of his teacher in 478 AH / 1085 CE.
		The first period of public teaching at the Nizamiyyah of Baghdad (478-488 AH/1085-1095 CE) was the time when al-Ghazali encountered philosophy.
		Although he was teaching three hundred students at the Nizamiyyah of Baghdad and writing on the Islamic revealed sciences at the same time, in his spare time he was able to master philosophy in less than two years.
	www.cis-ca.org /voices/g/ghaz-mn.htm (4228 words)

	Imam Al-Ghazali's Ihya' 'Ulum Al-Deen
		This his friend did after the demise of Imam al-Ghazali's father in 465 A.H. He studied under the Imam al-Haramayn, Abu'l Ma'ali al-Juwayni in Nishapur until 478 A.H when he moved to Baghdad.
		There he proved his brilliance and in 484 A.H was appointed professor at the Madrasatun Nizamiyyah, the highest scholarly position and the most coveted honour at that time.
		He explains in another of his books titled Al-Munqidh Min al-Dhalaal (Deliverance from Error) that he had mastered all the zahiri (manifest) knowledge like shari'a (sacred law) and fiqh (jurisprudence) as well as what the philosophers had to say, but he yearned to achieve yaqin (certitude).
	www.iqra.net /articles/Ihya/3.php (817 words)

	Jaring Weblog - Read & Write Comments on annuarbakri's Entry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		Sewaktu berumur lebih kurang dua puluh tahun beliau pergi melanjutkan pelajarannya ke Maktab Nizamiyyah di Nishapur untuk berguru kepada Imam al-Haramain iaitu Abu al-Ma’ali al-Juwaini, yang merupakan guru generasi yang keempat dari Imam al-Ash’ari sendiri dalam akidah ajaran Imam itu.
		Beliau merupakan seorang yang berfikir secara kritilal dan bebas merdeka; sewaktu beliau menjadi pelajar di Nizamiyyah di Nishapur beliau merasa tidak berpuas hati dengan pegangan yang dimilikinya, dan membebaskan dirinya daripada cara bertaklid semata dalam pegangan agama.
		Ilmu pengetahuan al-Ghazali berkenaan dengan fiqh, usul al-din, dan falsafah sedemikian dikagumi oleh Nizam al-Mulk sehingga beliau dilantik sebagai professor Usul al-Din di Nizamiyyah itu (diasaskan pada tahun 458—460 H/1065-67 M) di Baghdad pada tahun 484H/1091M.
	www.my.mensa.org /weblog/comments.php?id=7387 (1896 words)

	Islamic Studies
		This view is further supported by Daniel (2001, p.76) who explains that it was Nizam al-Mulk's guidance that made the Seljuqs effectively rule a dominion from Central Asia to Syria; thereby making them the most powerful state in the region.
		The political aid in the form of the Nizamiyyah College that provided the Asharites with a means to develop and spread, and as some regard completely eclipse the Mutazilite School, clearly played a decisive role.
		With Alp-Arsalan and Nizam al-Mulk it was the establishment of the Nizamiyyah College and with al-Mamun it was staunch and over zealous support of the Mutazilites.
	wadi-kayani.blogspot.com (16096 words)

	Dear Beloved Son (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		From that day he began to memorise everything he wrote.
		He lived in Nishapur and taught in the famous Nizamiyyah University in Baghdad (484 AH/ 1091 CE).
		He also lived in the Umayyad mosque and to this day there is a minaret named after him (Al-Ghazali minaret).
	www.noorart.com /product364.html (292 words)

	al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid (1058-1111)
		Being recognized by Nizam al-Mulk, the vizir of the Seljuq sultans, he was appointed head of the Nizamiyyah College at Baghdad in
		After the death of his teacher, Imam al-Haramayn al-Juwayni, Ghazali moved to the court of Nizam al-Mulk, the powerful vizir of the Seljuq Sultans, who eventually appointed him head of the Nizamiyyah College at Baghdad in
		1095-1111), but which also included a short period of teaching at the Nizamiyyah College in Nishapur.
	www.muslimphilosophy.com /ip/rep/H028.htm (4926 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		Nizam al-Mulk appointed him teacher of Shafi'ite jurisprudence in the Madrasah Nizamiyyah of Baghdad (484/1091), and soon al-Ghazali collected around himself a great number of students.
		In 488/1095, owing to a spiritual and psychological crisis whose veracity cannot be questioned (Poggi 1967),(4) al-Ghazali left Baghdad and for two or three years he lived in Syria and Palestine and made the pilgrimage to Mecca.
		It is important to remember that al-Ghazali wrote only one treatise properly concerning kalam, namely al-Iqtisad fi’l-i’tiqad composed the last time he stayed in Baghdad as a professor in the Madrasah Nizamiyyah.
	www.uwt.org /Download/AlGhazali.doc (7306 words)

	MuslimHeritage.com - Muslim Scholars
		Al-Ghazali, known in Europe as Algazel, is one of the most illustrious Muslim scholars, who wrote many works, and became renowned for his learning.
		In his thirties, he became the principal teacher at Madrasah Nizamiyyah of Baghdad, the most renowned institution of learning in eastern Islam (Cordova in the West).
		His ideas on education dominated Islamic educational thought for centuries after his death.
	www.muslimheritage.com /day_life/default.cfm?ArticleID=221 (981 words)

	Islamic Institute of Toronto - Answers
		I want to know about the life of Dr. Mohammad Hamidullah and achievements including his birth date and when he passed away?
		Hamiduallah was born in Hydarabad in 1908; he studied at the famous Nizamiyyah University of Hydarabad, and later earned doctorates from the Universities of Bonn and Sorbonne.
		He settled down in Paris, France, as a researcher, but later moved to the United States in 1996.
	www.islam.ca /answers.php?id=280 (227 words)

	Encyclopedia: Nizamiyyah
		Updated 107 days 3 hours 43 minutes ago.
		The Islamic world is the world-wide community of all believers in Islam, who are known as Muslims, and who number approximately one-and-a-half billion people.
		A street map of Baghdad Average temperature (red) and precipitations (blue) in Baghdad Baghdad (Arabic:) is the capital of Iraq and the Baghdad Province.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Nizamiyyah (721 words)

	Dr Muhammad Hamidullah (1909-2002)
		He received his early education at home, first from his sisters and then from his father.
		Later he was admitted in the Madrasah Nizamiyyah where he passed the examination for the degree for Mawlvi Kamil with distinction in 1924.
		Aware of his father’s antipathy towards English education, the young Hamidullah secretively sat for the matriculation examination and, when the results were declared, topped the list of successful candidates.
	www.renaissance.com.pk /Febobti2y4.html (2182 words)

	[No title]
		He visited the dome of the Rock Mosque in Jerusalem when the Fatimids lost it to the Crusaders.
		In 1106 in Nayshabur he held the professorship of theology at the Nizamiyyah School.
		Al-Ghazzali believed in a validating act of faith in the most stringent structured doctrinal system.
	www.al-bushra.org /arbhrtg/ghazzali.htm (2593 words)

	Islamic History and Culture - History and the Abbasid Empire - Religion and Philosophy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		Hence all people have made capability one of the conditions for the imposition of a task, such as wisdom.
		We find Abul Maali, saying in his Nizamiyyah, that man is free in his own deeds and has the capability of doing them.
		He has established it upon the impossibility of imposing a task which one cannot bear, in order to avoid the principle formerly disproved by the Mutazilites, on account of its being unfit by reason.
	www.islamic-paths.org /Home/English/History/Abbasid/Religion_Philosophy.htm (7701 words)

	Jerusalem Quarterly File and the Institute for Jerusalem Studies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-20)
		This view is confirmed by contemporary Palestinian writers such as Omar Saleh al-Barghouti who attended the Alliance school with a number of his Muslim compatriots.
		Another instrument was the impact of Nizamiyyah public schools established by the Ottoman authorities in the last third of the nineteenth century in bringing together in one classroom children who had previously attended separate Qur’anic kuttab, or Talmud schools (heder).
		Writing several decades after the war, Elyachar has already adopted the Zionist distinction between Arabs and Jews as if they were binary ethnic identities.
	www.jqf-jerusalem.org /2004/jqf21/predicament.html (7627 words)

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