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Topic: Nobility and Royalty of the Kingdom of Hungary

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	Kingdom of Hungary Encyclopedia Article @ AnomalousPhenomenon.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		According to their point of view the Kingdom of Hungary was primarily a country of the Magyar people not denying the presence and importance of other nationalities.
		At the Battle of Mohács in 1526, the Hungarian army was defeated by the forces of the Ottoman Empire, and King Lajos II of Hungary was killed.
		In the 18th century, the Kingdom of Hungary had its own Diet (parliament) and constitution, but the members of the Governor's Council (Helytartótanács, the office of the palatine) were appointed by the Habsburg monarch, and the superior economic institution, the Hungarian Chamber, was directly subordinated to the Court Chamber in Vienna.
	www.anomalousphenomenon.com /encyclopedia/Kingdom_of_Hungary (1051 words)

	Encyclopedia: Kingdom of Hungary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		The Kingdom of Hungary (Hungarian: Magyar Királyság) is the name of a multiethnic kingdom that existed in Central Europe from 1000 to 1918.
		The term "Kingdom of Hungary" is often used to denote this long-lasting configuration of territories in order to draw a clear distinction with the modern Hungarian state, which is significantly smaller and more ethnically homogeneous.
		The Kingdom of Hungary is also the formal name of the Hungarian state largely on the territory of present Hungary from 21 March 1920 till 21 December 1944, which corresponds to the period of the regency of Miklós Horthy.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Kingdom-of-Hungary (2479 words)

	nobility - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about nobility (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Throughout Europe, the proof of nobility (also termed ‘gentility’) is lawful possession of armorial bearings, or paternal descent from an ancestor whom the crown has either ennobled by such a grant or recognized as already noble.
		The English nobility of the Norman Conquest and the Middle Ages was essentially feudal and military, and based on the foundations of landed property.
		Like that of the feudal nobility of the Normans and Germans, its origins lie in the personal relationship between lord and vassal, and in the system of commendation by which the lord, in return for the allegiance and personal services (generally military) of his vassal, awarded him land and guaranteed a reciprocal protection.
	encyclopedia.farlex.com /nobility (604 words)

	Courtly Lives of Kings, Peerage .... Royals and Peerage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Many nobles sought to keep outsiders from marrying into their lines, wealth was generally given to the "first born" son, however, if that noble bred only daughters, then there was no choice, and the title and land went to his daughter's new husband.
		The noble's divine devotion to the church was a part of their social structure.
		Nobles helped the king control his kingdom and were in charge of certain towns/villages as lords, counts, viscounts, earls, etc. Many of these terms developed as time went on and more nobles and different degrees of power were favored by the king.
	www.angelfire.com /mi/RedBearsDream/mjknecht.html (791 words)

	The Constitution of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia (1931)
		The kingdom of Yugoslavia is a hereditary and constitutional monarchy.
		The arms of the Kingdom are a two-headed white eagle with outspread wings on a red shield.
		The approval of Parliament is necessary for a convention authorising a foreign army to occupy or traverse the territory of the Kingdom.
	www.geocities.com /dagtho/yugconst19310903.html (8310 words)

	Nobility and Royalty of the Kingdom of Hungary - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This article deals with some titles of the nobility and royalty in the Kingdom of Hungary.
		Before Hungary became part of the Habsburg Empire (in the 1500s), the titles (except for the titles of king, queen and royal prince) weren't really important, it was one's office and role in administration that counted.
		Emperor (Latin: imperator, Hungarian: császár, Slovak: cisár, German: Kaiser): After the Kingdom of Hungary became part of the Habsburg empire in 1526, the country was ruled by the Holy Roman Emperor who also ruled Austria, although the Kingdom of Hungary itself was not part of the Holy Roman Empire.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nobility_and_Royalty_of_the_Kingdom_of_Hungary (641 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Germany
		On this day the Germanic idea of the Kingdom of God, of which Charlemagne was the representative, bowed to the Roman idea, which regards Rome as its centre, Rome the seat of the old empire and the most sacred place of the Christian world.
		Hungary regained freedom, the southern part of Italy was held by the Normans, and the Duchy of Lorraine, already long a source of trouble, maintained its hostility to the king.
		In 1394 the nobles with Jost, Margrave of Moravia, as their leader, took the king prisoner; he was soon set free at the instance of the German princes, but his release did not do away with the rule of the nobility in Bohemia.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/06484b.htm (20891 words)

	boys clothing : royalty
		An independent Croatian kingdom existed between 923-1102 A.D. The Roman CatholicPapcy hicwas at the heighth of its power endorse the crowning of King Tomislav ho was crowned in 925 and disappeared in 928.
		Hungary: Süleymân I known to history as Süleymân the Magnificent at the Battle of Mohács in 1526, killed the Jagiellan Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia and most of the Hungarian nobels.
		Hungary was raised from the status of a Crownland to a joint partnership in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy.
	histclo.com /royal/royalindex.html (3534 words)

	High Prince Álmos Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		- [http://ferenczygen.tripod.com Hungarian aristocracy] Category:History of Croatia Category:History of Hungary Category:History of Slovakia
		The Kingdom of Hungary was established in 1000 by King St. Stephen I.
		Hungary passed a series of anti-Semitic laws throughot the 1920s and thirties, and some massacres of Jews by Hungarian forces took place in the early part of the Second World War, but Hungary initially resisted large scale deportation of its Jewish population.
	high.prince.lmos.en.ogarnij.info (9950 words)

	Nobility (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Nobles typically command resources, such as food, money, or labor, from common members of their societies, and may exercise religious or political power over them.
		Traditional ranks among royalty, peers, and nobles are rooted in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
		Among the regular nobility, those whose titles derived from the Holy Roman Empire ranked higher than those whose titles were granted by one of the German princes after 1806, no matter what title was held.
	www.icyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/n/no/nobility.html (745 words)

	Worldroots.com
		It is further divided into the ancient nobility (Uradel) and the newer nobility (commonly known as Briefadel, or literally nobility by letter-cachet, but also including other groups.) The Uradel may be of either the lower or high nobility, but the Briefadel is always of the lower.
		The laws that concerned the nobility for some one thousand years before 1919 stated that hereditary nobility could only be passed on through legitimate biological descent from a noble father but not through adoption and especially not through purchase.
		The families that make up this segment of the nobility usually descend from the knights or most important warriors of a sovereign that were the basis of his fighting force, or more rarely from a senior civil official of the time.
	worldroots.com /brigitte/royal/germannobility.htm (3210 words)

	Articles - Knight (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Nobles had their sons trained as gentlemen and as professional fighters in the household of another noble.
		It was expected that all young men of noble birth be knights and often take oaths swearing allegiance, chastity, protection of other Christians, and respect of the laws laid down by their forebears, though this varied from period to period and on the rank of the individual.
		Sometimes the knights responding to the call were the nobles themselves, and sometimes these men were hired by nobles to fight in their stead; some noblemen were disinclined or unable to fight.
	www.1-ace.com /articles/Knight (2438 words)

	Hungary
		Hungary, located in the center of Europe in the Carpathian Basin, is surrounded by the Carpathian Mountains, the Alps and the Dinaric Alps.
		Hungary had to do what was expected of her and go into World War.
		The fact that the Republic of Hungary was proclaimed on 23 October 1989 (the anniversary of the 1956 revolution), symbolized the essence of the change in regime: the country has regained her sovereignty, switched over from central planning to market economy, and replaced single-party dictatorship with multiparty democracy.
	www.csinszka.com /hungary.htm (5171 words)

	FRANCIA
		This reveals the relative strengh of the Western and Eastern Frankish kingdoms, and the persistent ruthlessness of Charles the Bald and Louis the German.
		The nobility of Lorraine decided to uphold Carolingian legitimacy by attaching themselves to the Western kingdom; but soon it looked like West Francia would follow the East, when Charles, as much over his head as his cousin Charles the Fat had been, was deposed and Robert of Paris, Odo's brother, was elected.
		A fifth kingdom, Italy, comes together in the south, spreading from traditional Lombardy all the way down to Naples and Sicily, which in this period were in a different political and cultural sphere altogether (of Romania or Islâm).
	www.friesian.com /francia.htm (14334 words)

	boys clothing: European royalty -- Turkey
		The conflict between the nobility and the sultan was a constant feature of Ottoman life, not unlike te situation in many European kingdoms.
		The Jagiellan Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia and most of the Hungarian nobels were killed at the Battle and Louis' brother-in-law, Ferdinand of Austria, future Emperor and brother of the Emperor Charles V, pressed claims to both crowns for the Hapsburgs, ending an independent Hungarian crown.
		The Austrian reconquest of Hungary begins in 1686 and is completed in 1697, the Austrian Hapsburgs having already inherited the Hungarian crown as a result of Louis II's death at the Battle of Mohács..
	histclo.com /royal/tur/royal-tur.htm (1635 words)

	:::► Dictionary of Meaning www.mauspfeil.net ◄:::
		The Holy Roman Empire, such as it was, consisted of the Kingdoms of List of German monarchs Germany, Kingdom of Italy Italy, and King of Burgundy Burgundy.
		During the English Interregnum these laws were annulled, but the acts which caused the laws to be in abeyance were themselves, deemed to be null and void by the Parliaments of the English Restoration, so by act of Parliament The Crown of England and (later the British and UK crowns) are imperial crowns.
		After the defeat of the Italians by the United Kingdom British (1941), Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia Haile Selassie was restored to the throne but Victor Emmanuel did not relinquish his claim to the title until 1943.
	www.mauspfeil.net /Emperor.html (5254 words)

	Royalty.nu - The History of Europe - European Royalty
		Royalty Who Wait: The 21 Heads of Formerly Royal Houses of Europe by Olga S. Opfell.
		Kings, Nobles and Commoners: States and Societies in Early Modern Europe by Jeremy Black.
		Louis the Great, edited by Steven Bela Vardy, is a history of Louis I, 14th century king of Hungary and Poland.
	www.royalty.nu /Europe (1990 words)

	RUSSIAN IMPERIAL SUCCESSION, by BRIEN HORAN (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Since the princess was born into a family that reigned over a kingdom, she was by definition of royal birth.
		[26] In 1797, the only Orthodox kingdoms in Europe were the Russian Empire of the Romanoff dynasty, and the two kingdoms ruled (until 1801 and 1810, respectively) by different branches of the Bagration dynasty: the Kingdom of Georgia and the Kingdom of Imeretia.
		His rank was the morganatic rank of a prince of the nobility of the Russian Empire, not that of a Prince of Russia (Prince of the Imperial Blood), which latter designation belonged exclusively to dynasts.
	www.chivalricorders.org /royalty/gotha/russuclw.htm (15580 words)

	alt.talk.royalty FAQ
		Posts which refer to royalty and nobility in a negative way (such as suggesting that one monarchy in particular, or all monarchies in general should be overthrown), while not off-topic, will usually get no response.
		The throne of the Kingdom is passed on through inheritance within the dynasty of King Abdullah Ibn Al Hussein (first king and great-grandfather of the present king Abdullah), in the direct line of his male heirs.
		Nobility is, historically, a legally defined status, largely inherited once acquired, and enjoying once extensive privileges which, in modern Europe, have been reduced (except see British sub-FAQ) to nominal membership in the noble class with or without a hereditary title in, e.g., BeNeLux, Denmark, Spain and Sweden.
	www.heraldica.org /faqs/atrfaq.htm (13898 words)

	Cyndi's List - Royalty & Nobility
		Belarus, nobility, Grand Duchy of Lithuanian, genealogy of Belarus, heraldry of Belarus, history of Belarus, Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
		For the discussion of Polish and Lithuanian heraldry, the history of the armorial clans, and the genealogy of noble families.
		For anyone with a genealogical, cultural or historical interest in European nobility during the Middle Ages, generally regarded as extending from the fall of Rome in 476 to about 1500 with the discovery of the Americas.
	www.cyndislist.com /royalty.htm (2445 words)

	The Imperial Council of Princes and Counts of Germany , The Nobility of The Holy Roman Empire .
		The Imperial Council of Princes and Counts of Germany, The Nobility of The Holy Roman Empire.
		Originally, term "Prince" was mostly considered as a rank, often applied to rulers, the highest nobility and younger members of the reigning houses.
		the nobility to abbreviate the noble "von" as "v".
	www.imperialcollegeofprincesandcounts.com /_wsn/page5.html (4618 words)

	Origin of Romanians: Encyclopedia topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Hungarian (Hungarian: A native or inhabitant of Hungary) historians largely support the migration theory.
		[follow hyperlink for more...]), affirms that when the Magyars (Magyars: A native or inhabitant of Hungary) arrived in Pannonia, surrounding areas were inhabited by Vlachs (Vlachs: vlachs (also called wlachs, wallachs, olahs) are the romanized population in central...
		However, this chronicle was written 250 years after the described events and is not necessarily accurate.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /reference/origin_of_romanians (2336 words)

	Nobility and Royalty of the Kingdom of Hungary: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Before Hungary became part of the Habsburg Empire (The habsburg monarchy or austrian monarchy, often called simply austria, is the name given to the territories...)
		Gorjanski (Gorjanski (hungarian: garay) were a noble family in the kingdom of hungary, with notable members in...)
		although the Kingdom of Hungary itself was not part of the Holy Roman Empire (The lands ruled by Charlemagne; a continuation of the Roman Empire in Europe)
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /ref/nobility_and_royalty_of_the_kingdom_of_hungary (2133 words)

	Photoeurasia.com :: Royalty-free Imagery Highlights (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		monarchy, was a dualistic state (1867 —1918) in which the Kingdom of Hungary enjoyed self-government and representation in joint affairs (principally foreign relations and defence) with the western and northern lands of the Austrian Empire under the Austrian Emperors (who also reigned as Kings of Hungary) of the Habsburg dynasty.
		Austria-Hungary originated in 1867 in a compromise between the Hungarian nobility and the Habsburg monarchy in an attempt to maintain the old Austrian Empire of 1804.
		Though Hungary's leaders showed on the whole less willingness than their German Austrian counterparts to share power with their subject minorities, they granted (it is argued) a large measure of autonomy to the kingdom of Croatia in 1868, parallelling to some extent their own accommodation within the Empire the previous year.
	www.discusmedia.com (837 words)

	Uncharted Waters for NES - MobyGames
		That is until the head of the family sailed out of a disastrous voyage to find the kingdom of Prester John.
		At the heart of his ambition is the fair lady, Christiana, who is desired by the likely heir to the kingdom.
		Along the way, you may be called upon by merchants and royalty to do specific tasks.
	www.mobygames.com /game/nes/uncharted-waters (430 words)

	Royalty_Links
		A Data Base of the Higher Nobility in Europe.
		The Nobility of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation.
		Head of the Royal House of the KIngdom of Araucania and Patagonia.
	www.tboyle.net /Royalty/Royalty_Links.html (1853 words)

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