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Topic: Noise power

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	Application Note: VCO
		The phase noise of an oscillator is best described in the frequency domain where the spectral density is characterized by measuring the noise sidebands on either side of the output signal center frequency.
		It is also common to characterize the noise performance of a signal as the ratio of the sideband power associated with phase fluctuations to the carrier power level.
		The phase noise of the VCO is therefore determined primarily by the overall Q of the circuit.
	surf.syr.edu /projects/vco/Phase_Noise.htm (949 words)

	ARRLWeb: The Power-Line Noise FAQ Page
		If the radiated noise is observed on a 'scope, the noise will be present during the peaks, as shown in C. Because power-lines carry 60 Hz ac, the voltage on them passes through two peaks each cycle (one positive and one negative) and pass through zero twice each cycle.
		Noise that varies with the weather is almost always caused by an outdoor source, indicating power-line noise.
		Noise that varies with the time of day is related to what people are doing, usually pointing to some electrical device or appliance.
	www.arrl.org /tis/info/powerline-FAQ.html (6735 words)

	Power noise - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Power noise (also known as powernoise, rhythmic noise, noize and occasionally as distorted beat music) is a subgenre of industrial music that takes its inspiration from some of the more structured and distorted early industrial acts, such as Esplendor Geometrico.
		Typically, power noise is based upon a distorted kick drum from a drum machine such as a Roland TR-909, uses militaristic 4/4 beats, and is usually instrumental.
		The term "power noise" should not be confused with the term "power electronics", which is a subgenre of noise.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Power_noise (278 words)

	Power Acoustics, Inc. Representative Power Plant Noise Projects and Expert Witness Support
		Because noise can be a sensitive issue, we prefer not to disclose the locations of the power plants or cogeneration facilities used as examples.
		Power Acoustics, Inc was involved at all stages of this project starting with PSEG in the early development stage where we obtained ambient sound measurements and performed preliminary modeling analysis to determine a target sound level where no significant community response would occur.
		Noise Goals: Frequency dependent sound pressure level requirements were imposed including a low frequency limit of 69 dB at 31.5 Hz at the nearest residential neighbors - located approximately 800 ft away.
	poweracoustics.com /PowerProjects.html (800 words)

	Characterizing Quantum-Dot Blinking Using Noise Power Spectra
		We therefore normalized the measured QD power spectrum by the measured power spectrum of the laser, removing artifacts due to fluctuations in laser power.
		noise spectrum is characteristic of the QDs by comparing to the power spectrum of an ensemble of polystyrene microspheres doped with a green fluorescent dye (Duke Scientific, part number G300).
		By the Wiener-Khinchin theorem, the power spectral density is equal to the Fourier transform of the intensity autocorrelation function.
	physics.nyu.edu /grierlab/dots4b/dots4b.html (1775 words)

	Noise Power -- from Eric Weisstein's World of Physics
		The power produced by a resistor at a temperature T as a result of random thermal motions of electrons is given by
		The equivalent noise power of a receiving system is then defined as
		is the "antenna temperature" which represents the unwanted noise from the antenna produced by ground radiation, atmospheric attenuation, and other sources.
	scienceworld.wolfram.com /physics/NoisePower.html (89 words)

	GENERATOR and POWER STATION (Noise and Air Control)
		noise is fluid borne and transmitted to the surroundings by the flow conduits and the structures that
		Noise is “regenerated” by the flow as it passes
		noise from centrifugal gas compressors is mostly tonal and fluid borne, the cases are usually heavy
	ies2000atlanta.com /products321321.htm (3003 words)

	Analog Devices: RF/IF Components: : Tutorial MT-005: Noise Power Ratio (NPR)A 65-Year Old Telephone System ...
		As the noise loading level is increased, the amplifiers and repeaters in the system begin to overload, creating intermodulation products which cause the noise floor of the system to increase.
		As the input noise continues to increase, the effects of "overload" noise predominate, and the NPR is reduced dramatically.
		The ADC hard-limiting "clipping" noise is somewhat different from the soft-limiting "overload" noise of an analog FDM and results in a "steeper" downward slope in the clipping region.
	www.analog.com /en/content/0,2886,734%255F770%255F91252,00.html (2466 words)

	A Smarter Approach to Resolving Power-Line Noise
		If the noise on the AM radio stops while the power is off, the source of the interference is within the residence.
		If the noise stopped while the power was off, locate the circuit supplying the power to the noise source using an AM radio as before, and de-energize the individual circuit breakers one at a time until the noise stops.
		Noise that varies with the time of day is related to what people are doing, usually pointing to an electrical device or appliance.
	www.tdworld.com /mag/power_smarter_approach_resolving/?cid=most-popular (2093 words)

	Industrial Noise Control for Cogeneration, Simple Cycle, Combined Cycle, Peaking Power Plants
		For large power plant projects, issues revolve around electricity demand, proximity to fuel and transmission infrastructure and environmental concerns (including "not-in-my-backyard" opposition).
		As distributed generation, cogeneration and peaking generation increase, many power plants are being built near populated areas, where plant noise affects nearby residents.
		ATCO Noise Management's experience controlling noise from cogeneration, simple cycle and combined cycle plants eliminates noise as an environmental concern.
	www.atconoise.com /solutions/industries_power.htm (302 words)

	Fan Noise vs. Power Supply Noise
		Fan Noise is the noise level of the power supply's fan, outside the power supply in free air.
		Power Supply Noise is the actual noise level of the power supply, measured at 1 meter.
		Note: Power Supply Noise (the spec for actual noise) is given for Standard and Turbo-Cool models.
	www.pcpowercooling.com /technology/terminology/fan_noise.php (186 words)

	Martek Power Abbott - Power Supply Glossary
		the component of noise in a power supply that is common to both the dc output and return lines with respect to the source power return point (input neutral).
		the component of noise in a power supply, excluding common-mode noise, that is measured between the dc output and output return.
		a characteristic of a multiple-output power supply that describes the changes in the voltage of one output with respect to changes in the voltage or load of another.
	www.abbottelectronics.com /engineer/glossary.htm (1284 words)

	Noise -- from Eric Weisstein's World of Physics
		Black Noise, Brown Noise, Flicker Noise, Johnson Noise, Noise Power, Noise Temperature, Pink Noise, White Noise
		Rice, S. "Mathematical Analysis of Random Noise." Bell System Technical J. Reprinted in Noise and Stochastic Processes (Ed.
		Schroeder, M. "Noises: White, Pink, Brown, and Black." Ch.
	scienceworld.wolfram.com /physics/Noise.html (62 words)

	RIPPLE AND NOISE METER- How to test Noise from the Output of Power Supply.
		Definition of output noise: the noise looks like a sine wave which overlaps on the DC output, this sine wave contain PARD (Periodic and Random Deviation) noise and it looks like the wave in Figure 1.
		Normally the output noise of switching power supply is control under 1% of the output voltage, for example for +5V, +12V, its' output noise specification should be 50mVp-p and 120mVp-p.
		If output noise has narrow and sharp FET with ON/OFF spike, it will contain many high frequency, we can use Spectrum Analyzer to observe the frequency contain, figure 8, 9 are the power supply output noise wave form and spectrum.
	www.imcpower.com /prodigit/an_403.htm (1479 words)

	Power Bus Noise
		This appears to be a "crowbar effect" current, since the current drawn is independent of gate loading and the current goes in on the power pin and out on the ground pin.
		This current spike has a greater impact on the power bus noise than the current drawn from the power bus to generate the signal.
		My best advice is to design a power system with a sufficiently low driving-point inductance to limit the voltage spike generated by your noisy gates.
	www.sigcon.com /Pubs/news/1_9.htm (600 words)

	NIOSH Topic: Noise and Hearing Loss Prevention: Workplace Solutions: Tools Database \| CDC/NIOSH
		The database is particularly helpful in determining the "real-world" noise level of power tools as they are used on the job.
		Tools with a lower sound power level pose less of a noise hazard than tools with a higher sound power level.
		A table containing sound power levels and technical specifications is also on the website for comparing the tools in greater detail.
	www.cdc.gov /niosh/topics/noise/workplacesolutions/toolsDatabase.html (189 words)

	Citations: Noise power spectral density estimation based on optimal smoothing and minimum statistics - Martin ...
		Noise Spectrum Estimation in Adverse Environments: Improved Minima..
		A computationally more e#cient minimum tracking scheme is presented in [5] Its main drawbacks are the very slow update rate of the noise estimate in case of a sudden rise in the noise energy level, and its tendency to cancel the signal [16] Other closely related techniques are the lower energy....
		Martin, "Noise power spectral density estimation based on optimal smoothing and minimum statistics," IEEE Trans.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /context/2034845/0 (624 words)

	Power Line Noise Hunting (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		I've noticed that there is a much higher noise level in the area around my office compared to my home location and have often had to drive away from the office in order to clearly pick up the desired stations over the hash and hum from the above ground lines in this area.
		I'd identified that the noise levels were higher slightly south of my office (near the intersection of Golf and Roselle Roads) and proceeded to a large parking lot on the northeast corner of the intersection.
		Pointed up at the upper and middle wires resulted in a higher noise level than when the end was pointed at the rack with the transformers mounted on it.
	www.qsl.net /n8dmt/powerline.html (3195 words)

	Industrial Control Designline \| How to dynamically mitigate power supply noise (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		This trend requires that the combination of DC (static) and AC (dynamic) noise on-chip be contained within a narrower supply variance band of 5% or lower in chips in the Nanotechnology era (100nm to 1nm).
		Traditional techniques to minimize supply noise such as voltage positioning and on-chip decoupling capacitor integration are becoming increasingly inapplicable in addressing power integrity needs.
		True dynamic noise analysis requires the ability to model all key elements of a power grid including power loop inductance for all segments of the power grid, on and off chip standing wave resonances and resistive energy loss.
	www.industrialcontroldesignline.com /175801065 (882 words)

	``Colored'' noise power spectra
		When ``colored" continuum power spectrum components resulting from source variability are present, the statistical distribution of the corresponding power estimates cannot be derived in general from first principles.
		In this case only one power estimate is obtained for each Fourier frequency and the statistical distribution of the noise component(s) from the source remains unexplored.
		Given a white noise source and a suitable linear filter it is then possible to generate a random process with arbitrary spectrum.
	www.mporzio.astro.it /~gianluca/phdthesis/node26.html (3426 words)

	The Transcendent Sound Balanced Power Supply 1000VA
		Power lines often have a type of noise called common mode noise which is present on both the neutral and hot wire.
		Power amps with laminated power transformers can be the worst offenders.
		Because the power is delivered by two out of phase signals, the electric fields produced by each should largely cancel.
	www.transcendentsound.com /power_supply.htm (639 words)

	Power Technology - Noise Reduction and Vibration Control Image Gallery
		Control valve silencers are built to withstand the high pressure and the high noise level environment downstream of pressure control valves.
		The compressor inline silencer is built to treat these special noise problems and will reduce the noise radiated by the suction and discharge pipe work, reducing the need for expensive acoustic lagging systems.
		Power plant noise control, air intake systems, exhaust gas systems.
	www.power-technology.com /contractors/noise/gallery.html (409 words)

	Noise and Interference
		All channels are subject to noise, and we need a way of describing such signals despite the fact we can't write a formula for the noise signal like we can for interference.
		At each frequency, the phase of the noise spectrum is totally uncertain: It can be any value in between 0 and 2π, and its value at any frequency is unrelated to the phase at any other frequency.
		When noise signals arising from two different sources add, the resultant noise signal has a power equal to the sum of the component powers.
	cnx.org /content/m0515/latest (587 words)

	Rubab Khan: Low Noise Power Supply for Ultra-sensitive Experiments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-27)
		The DC power cells of our power supply module will be set in a way so that when one of the cells reaches maximum intended depth of discharge, the module smoothly switches to the next cell without either briefly turning off the output power supply or causing any interference with it at all.
		The power filtering capacitor network will consist of capacitors, super capacitors, and ultra capacitors providing burst of power supply as needed, and ensure the longevity of battery life as well as reducing noise.
		In brief, once this power supply is plugged into an AC outlet and a load is provided, the user can just forget about the power supply noise issue.
	geco.phys.columbia.edu /~rubab/power.html (493 words)

	Noise Filter: Median, low pass filter, etc. in one Photoshop plugin
		Our noise filter plugin includes median, despeckle, film grain and a modified low pass filtering (smoothing).
		This is the Noise Filter plugins control panel at one third size.
		The Noise Filter plugin is ideal when you want to filter out noise or speckle, but don't want to loose the details.
	www.powerretouche.com /Noise-filter_plugin_introduction.htm (487 words)

	Received noise power - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The calculated or measured noise power, within the bandwidth being used, at the receive end of a circuit, channel, link, or system.
		The absolute power of the noise measured or calculated at a receive point.
		The value of noise power, from all sources, measured at the line terminals of telephone set's receiver.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Received_noise_power (162 words)

	Power Mac Noise - Analyzing
		A noisy case fan may be fixable with firmware, but a noise power supply requires physically replacing the power supply.
		Because of the power supply design, the fans are in direct contact with the case and vibration appears to show up exactly at 120hz.
		Excluding the spike at 120Hz from the power supply, the rest of this appears to be air movement.
	home.centurytel.net /chunhsu/mac/noise/analysis/index.html (764 words)

	DC Power Onboard with Newmar’s DC Power Conditioners. Newmar’s power array of dc conditioners provide ...
		Whether there is a need for seamless redundant power system tie-in for critical electronic loads, the need for VHF and GPS fish finders to stay on during engine crank, or battery back-up for sensitive electronic devices.
		Their sensitive circuitry is highly vulnerable to voltage drop from engine start, noise and line spikes from alternators and motors, and conducted noise from various other electronic devices.
		Easy installation, two independent power sources are wired to the APS and routed in a single output to the vital load.
	www.newmarpower.com /DC_Power_Conditioners/DC_Power_Conditioners.html (767 words)

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