Non standard cosmologies

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Topic: Non standard cosmologies

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	Non-standard cosmology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Non-standard cosmologies are usually not considered by physicists, because the essentials of the big bang theory have been confirmed by a wide enough range of complementary observations that they believe there is little chance of the theory being replaced in its essentials.
		A non-standard cosmology is a cosmological framework that fundamentally contradicts one of the basic aspects of the big bang model of physical cosmology.
		Plasma cosmology is a classic non-standard model developed by Hannes Alfvén, based on laboratory research into plasmas, and applied to cosmological observations.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Non-standard_cosmology (3309 words)

	Talk:Non-standard cosmology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		All nonstandard cosmologies rely on a rejection of the major features of the Big Bang which are considered problematic by the proponents of the ideas for a number of reasons ranging from religion to claimed skepticism.
		One problem is that non-standard cosmologies don't form a single coherent theory and non-standard cosmologies disagree with each other as much as they do with standard cosmologies.
		The implication is that the genuine scientific study of any non-standard cosmology is either pseudoscience, fringe science, bad science, and junk science.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Non-standard_cosmology (15703 words)

	plasma cosmology
		In the mid-1990s, interest in plasma cosmologies arose among the standard (Big Bang) cosmological community, mostly as a "fallback" theory, in case COBE failed to discover variations in the cosmic microwave background or in case primordial helium abundances turned out to be unexplainable by standard cosmologies.
		Plasma cosmology is a non-standard cosmological view which relies on the electromagnetic effects of plasma for explaining the large-scale structure of the universe, energy storage, and energy flow between separate areas of the universe, among other things.
		Despite the general importance of plasma in astrophysics, and the assertions of the standard model that electromagnetic forces may be important for describing local phenomena, the standard model continues to delineate that these forces are not important at large cosmological distances.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /Plasma_cosmology.html (1857 words)

	Amazon.com: Introduction to Cosmology: Books: Fred Hoyle,Jayant Vishnu Narlikar
		From here, Narlikar progresses to some non-standard cosmological constructions, including anisotropic cosmologies, steady state theories and cosmologies that might correspond to the Mach principle (although, as the name non-standard would indicate, these are fringe, or sometimes, older theories, which are largely discredited, but science must look to them as they occasionally give insight into observations).
		He continues forward to use standard models (Friedmann) of cosmology as solutions to Einstein's equations, before progressing to discussing the physical properties of cosmology, including galactic evolution (structure, kinematics and dynamics--one could refer here then to Milhaus and Binney's work on the same), particle physics and early universe issues.
		This introductory textbook describes modern cosmology at a level suitable for advanced undergraduates who are familiar with mathematical methods and basic theoretical physics.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/052142352X?v=glance (1225 words)

	Cosmology - The real meaning from Timesharetalk wikipedia
		Recent observations made by the COBE and WMAP satellites observing this background radiation have effectively, in many scientists eyes, transformed cosmology from a highly speculative science into a predictive science, as these observations matched predictions made by a theory called Cosmic inflation, which is a modification of the standard big bang theory.
		Modern scientific cosmology may be considered to begin in 1915 with Albert Einstein's publication of his general theory of relativity and the growing ability of astronomers to study very distant objects.
		Common themes addressed in esoteric cosmology are emanation, involution, evolution, epigenesis, planes of existence, hierarchies of spiritual beings, cosmic cycles (e.g., cosmic year, Yuga), yogic or spiritual disciplines, and references to altered states of consciousness.
	www.timesharetalk.co.uk /wiki.asp?k=Cosmology (1414 words)

	Dictionary of Meaning www.mauspfeil.net
		A variety of mechanisms is suggested to be involved, including genomic modularity -- the ability for animals to reorganize their genome in response to stress or other outside influence, heterozygous fractionation (heterozygous genes in parents can lead to speciation by having multiple homozygous genes in children), and standard evolution.
		Most creationists also dispute scientific accounts of the origin of life, human evolution origin of the human species, the Age of the Earth geological history of the Earth, solar nebula the formation of the solar system, Big Bang the origin of the physical universe and a few even support such ideas as modern geocentrism.
		Creationists believe that a divine power created life, sometimes believing that every "kind" of living thing was separately "created", while Naturalism (philosophy) naturalists believe life came into being or developed into different species through natural means.
	www.mauspfeil.net /Creationism.html (5039 words)

	Non-standard cosmology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Non-standard cosmologies are usually not considered by physicists, because the essentials of the big bang theory have been confirmed by a wide enough range of complementary observations that they believe there is little chance of the theory being replaced in its essentials.
		A non-standard cosmology is a cosmological framework that fundamentally contradicts one of the basic aspects of the big bang model of physical cosmology.
		Plasma cosmology is a classic non-standard model developed by Hannes Alfvén, based on laboratory research into plasmas, and applied to cosmological observations.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Non-standard_cosmology (3792 words)

	Modern geocentrism
		Modern geocentrists believe that they are the true standard-bearers for an appropriate amalgamation of science and religion.
		However, most creationists hold that while the Bible makes explicit historical claims regarding the origin of the Earth and life in the creation account in Genesis, it does not explicitly endorse geocentrism.
		The most prominent creationist societies (specifically Answers in Genesis and the Institute for Creation Research) explicitly reject the absolute geocentric perspective, and creationist journals such as TJ have rejected modern geocentric articles in favor of "geokineticist" articles.
	www.tocatch.info /en/Modern_geocentricity.htm (3991 words)

	Is the Universe Young?
		However, some of our cosmologies permit an expansion of space to decrease the frequency of light, as the standard cosmology does.
		Such a cosmology has the advantage that it produces a universe that is isotropic, does not require a slowdown in the speed of light, and results in a very large universe in which distant objects really are about 12 billion light years away.
		This is not the same as Humphreys' cosmology because it does not require the earth to be at the exact center of the universe, and because the amount of slowdown is less (compressing time into 6000 or 10000 years instead of 6 days).
	www.cs.unc.edu /~plaisted/ce/universe.html (7742 words)

	Cosmology (M16)
		Derivation of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric for open, flat, and closed cosmologies and discussion of the kinematic implications for photon and particle motion.
		Its context is the Hot Big Bang model, a description of the origin and evolution of the universe which is now so well attested it is called the standard cosmology.
		Modern cosmology is witnessing an unprecedented confrontation between recent developments in high energy theory and a rapidly improving body of observational data.
	www.maths.cam.ac.uk /CASM/courses/02-03/descriptions/node74.html (358 words)

	Cosmic microwave background radiation
		During the mid- 1990s the lack of detection of anisotropies the CBR led to some interest in nonstandard cosmologies (such as plasma cosmology) mostly as a backup in case failed to find anisotropy in the CBR.
		Some supporters of non-standard cosmology argue that primodorial background radiation is uniform (which is with the big bang) and that the variations in the are due to the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect mentioned above (among other effects).
		The CMR gives a snapshot of Universe when according to standard cosmology the dropped enough to allow electrons and protons to form hydrogen atoms thus making the universe transparent radiation.
	www.freeglossary.com /Cosmic_microwave_background (1178 words)

	Towards A Non-Singular Pre-Big Bang Cosmology - Gasperini, Maggiore, Veneziano (ResearchIndex)
		Gravitational Waves in Non-Singular String Cosmologies - Cartier, Copeland, Gasperini (2001)
		4 One-loop superstring cosmology and the non-singular universe (context) - Easther, Maeda
		In the transition era, complicated non perturbative effects will become important and it is not clear if a curvature singularity can...
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /628416.html (391 words)

	Dr. Dave Roscoe
		Roscoe's interest in non-standard cosmologies is driven by the belief that the conventional view point, arising out of general relativity and culminating in big-bang cosmology, fails to incorporate in a 'proper' way the ideas of Mach - originally espoused by Berkeley and Leibnitz and traceable to Aristotle.
		He believes that the ideas of inflation, dark matter and dark energy, which are necessarily associated with the big-bang, are symptomatic of the failure of that theory.
	www.shef.ac.uk /appliedmaths/staff/members/roscoe/roscoe_index.html (117 words)

	Physics in English:Light - Wikibooks, collection of open-content textbooks
		During the mid-1990's, the lack of detection of anisotropies in the CBR led to some interest in nonstandard cosmologies (such as plasma cosmology) mostly as a backup in case detectors failed to find anisotropy in the CBR.
		Some supporters of non-standard cosmology argue that the primodorial background radiation is uniform (which is inconsistent with the big bang) and that the variations in the CBR are due to the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect mentioned above (among other effects).
		The CMR gives a snapshot of the Universe when, according to standard cosmology, the temperature dropped enough to allow electrons and protons to form hydrogen atoms, thus making the universe transparent to radiation.
	en.wikibooks.org /wiki/Physics_in_English:Light (7868 words)

	Cosmology Lab Questions
		Label the axes and the lines representing the 3 different cosmologies.
		Both the High-Z Supernova Search and the Supernova Cosmology Project (international collaborations of astronomers) found that the expansion of universe is in fact accelerating, rather than simply decelerating due to the attraction of gravity.
		In the 1980s, Globular cluster age estimates fell in the range of 16 to 20 Gyrs.
	www.astro.lsa.umich.edu /Course/Labs/cosmo/worksheets-cosmo.html (1348 words)

	Non-standard cosmology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Non-standard cosmologies are usually not considered by physicists, because the essentials of the big bang theory have been confirmed by a wide enough range of complementary observations that they believe there is little chance of the theory being replaced in its essentials.
		A non-standard cosmology is a cosmological framework that fundamentally contradicts one of the basic aspects of the big bang model of physical cosmology.
		Plasma cosmology is a classic non-standard model developed by Hannes Alfvén, based on laboratory research into plasmas, and applied to cosmological observations.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Non-standard_cosmology (3671 words)

	The Integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect as a probe of non-standard cosmological evolution
		The effect on the overall normalization of the CMB power spectrum is also discussed as non-standard cosmologies can affect the overall normalization significantly and enhance the primordial fluctuations.
		The Integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect is studied in non-standard cosmologies.
		The Integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect as a probe of non-standard cosmological evolution
	aanda.u-strasbg.fr:2002 /articles/aa/abs/2004/33/aa1104/aa1104.html (134 words)

	Non-standard cosmology
		There are a number of general objections to the standard model which have been advanced by supporters of non-standard cosmologies.
		However, non-standard theories such as Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) have been put forward as alternatives that do not require dark matter to explain the observations, but at the expense of modifying existing laws of gravity.
		While there are a number of observations which are not currently explained well by big bang cosmologies, the prevailing opinion among cosmologists is that these observations can be incorporated within a big bang cosmology without major changes to the foundations of the theory.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/non_standard_cosmology (134 words)

	jayant Thoughts
		From here, Narlikar progresses to some non-standard cosmological constructions, including anisotropic cosmologies, steady state theories and cosmologies that might correspond to the Mach principle (although, as the name non-standard would indicate, these are fringe, or sometimes, older theories, which are largely discredited, but science must look to them as they occasionally give insight into observations).
		Narlikar finishes his book by describing the big bang theory of cosmology, its weaknesses (some of which have been at least partially resolved since 1996) and his alternative theory of quasi-steady-state.
		Narlikar introduces general relativistic theory as a tool rather than a subject, for use in understanding the geometrical principles applied to cosmology.
	www.book-thoughts.com /book/jayant.html (134 words)

	Chapter 7
		The intriguing aspect is that Twitchell's revised and copyrighted "twelve plane" cosmology (which is given in the Spiritual Notebook and was standard in Eckankar by 1971) contradicts his previous "eight plane" one.
		The most noticeable difference in the two cosmologies is in the location of the various sounds (known in Radhasoami as shabd dhuns).
		Revised (as given in the Spiritual Notebook and standard by 1970):
	www.geocities.com /eckcult/chapters/tmsm7.html (2267 words)

	Predictions of Cold Dark Matter models on small scales: current status and future tests
		A problem with high central densities in dark halos has arisen in the context of LCDM cosmologies with scale-invariant initial power spectra.
		We compare our predictions to a sample of dark matter-dominated galaxies using a non-parametric measure of the density.
		While standard n=1, LCDM halos are overdense by a factor of 6, several of our example inflation+CDM models predict halo densities well within the range preferred by observations.
	cfcp.uchicago.edu /workshops/cdm2002/abs/zentner.html (276 words)

	Is the big bang a black hole?
		Notice that it would have been easy to show that the FRW model is different from a standard black or white hole solution such as the static Schwarzschild solutions or rotation Kerr solutions, but it is more difficult to demonstrate the difference from a more general black or white hole.
		The major assumption of the FRW cosmologies is that the universe is homogeneous and isotropic on large scales.
		The first clear difference is that the big bang singularity of the FRW models lies in the past of all events in the universe, whereas the singularity of a black hole lies in the future.
	math.ucr.edu /home/baez/physics/Relativity/BlackHoles/universe.html (276 words)

	Big Bang - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		There are a small number of proponents of non-standard cosmologies who believe that there was no Big Bang at all.
		Using the Big Bang model it is possible to calculate the concentration of helium -4, helium-3, deuterium and lithium -7 in the universe as ratios to the amount of ordinary hydrogen, H. All the abundances depend on a single parameter, the ratio of photons to baryons.
		The Big Bang theory predicted the existence of the cosmic microwave background radiation or CMB which is composed of photons emitted during baryogenesis.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Big_Bang (276 words)

	The Battle for the Spiritual Light
		In the standard Gnostic myth, the Demiurge or Yaltabaoth - whether out of ignorance or active malice - denies the transcendent spiritual Powers of the Pleroma and claims to be the one Supreme God.
		In most Gnostic cosmologies, once the heavens are created and all the beings emanated, the dialogue then switches to the battle between Sophia (and the other Aeons) and Yaltabaoth for the spiritual Light that he stole.
		So he creates angels to rule over the world and aid in the creation of man. Man comes to life when Yaltabaoth is tricked into breathing his light-power into him; again, another parody on the Genesis account; this time on God breathing life into Adam.
	www.kheper.net /topics/Gnosticism/battle.html (276 words)

	Cosmology - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Recent observations made by the COBE and WMAP satellites observing this background radiation have effectively, in many scientists eyes, transformed cosmology from a highly speculative science into a predictive science, as these observations matched predictions made by a theory called Cosmic inflation, which is a modification of the standard big bang theory.
		Examples of esoteric cosmologies can be found in Gnosticism, The Urantia Book, Tantra (especially Kashmir Shaivism), Kabbalah, Sufism, Surat Shabda Yoga, Theosophy, Anthroposophy, the Fourth Way teaching of Gurdjieff and Ouspensky, the teachings of Patrizia Norelli-Bachelet, Gnostic circle and in The Rosicrucian Cosmo-Conception, as well as the book "God Speaks" by Meher Baba.
		Cosmology is often an important aspect of the origin beliefs of religions and mythologies that seek to explain the existence and nature of the reality.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cosmology (1544 words)

	Non standard cosmology
		While non-standard models, including the steady-state theory, often have explanations for phenomenon for observations such as cosmic microwave background, which is seen asresidual radiation from old stars, most cosmologists as of 2004, believe that the big bang theory provides a more coherent viewof the universe that more closely fits observations.
		Some non-standard cosmologists assert that these discordant redshifts contradict the foundations of the big bang, and thatthey can be accounted for in some non-standard models of cosmology.
		While there are a number of observations which are notcurrently explained well by big bang cosmologies, the prevailing opinion among cosmologists is that these observations can beincorporated within a big bang cosmology without major changes to the foundations of the theory.
	www.therfcc.org /RFCC/non-standard-cosmology-33943.html (1544 words)

	Text
		The Cosmic Egg is represented variously, and there is a general cosmology of heavens, the middle mundane region and the nether worlds within the cosmic receptacle that is common to Hindu, Buddhist and Jain cosmologies (with, of course, variations of one kind or another).
		The details are not important, so long as the basic mythical structure of the reclining or sleeping Vishnu, the lotus, the creator god, Brahma, the Cosmic Egg and the standard World Periods are kept in mind.
		From Brahma emerges the great Cosmic Egg (Anda) which is this manifest universe, including the celestial worlds or heavens at the top, the mundane world of ordinary life in the middle, and the nether worlds or hells in the lower regions of the Cosmic Egg.
	www.indiana.edu /~isp/cd_rom/mod_05/vishnu.htm (926 words)

	The Symmetric Theory : an alternative to big-bang cosmology
		The Symmetric Theory - named for the underlying symmetries which form the basis of General Relativity - provides a complete & viable alternative to Standard Model Cosmologies.
		The Symmetric Theory : an alternative to big-bang cosmology
		Copyright © 1995, 1996 - The Knights of the Spiral Nebula
	www.polaris.net /~ksn (926 words)

	ipedia.com: Cosmic microwave background radiation Article
		During the mid-1990s, the lack of detection of anisotropies in the CBR led to some interest in nonstandard cosmologies (such as plasma cosmology) mostly as a backup in case detectors failed to find anisotropy in the CBR.
		Some supporters of non-standard cosmology argue that the primodorial background radiation is uniform (which is inconsistent with the big bang) and that the variations in the CBR are due to the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect mentioned above (among other effects).
		The discovery of these anisotropies combined with a large amount of new data coming in has greatly reduced interest in these alternative theories.
	www.ipedia.com /cosmic_microwave_background_radiation.html (1071 words)

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In the News (Sun 15 Nov 09)