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Topic: Non-Proliferation Treaty

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Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty - Hutchinson encyclopedia article about Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Under the terms of the treaty, those signatories declared to be nuclear powers (China, France, Russia, the UK, and the USA) pledged to work towards nuclear disarmament and not to supply military nuclear technology to non-nuclear countries, while other signatories pledged not to develop or acquire their own nuclear weapons. The treaty is enforced by the United Nations (UN) and an international crisis was provoked by North Korea's refusal to allow inspection of its civilian nuclear plants by UN inspectors 1993. The treaty was renewed and extended indefinitely May 1995. encyclopedia.farlex.com /Nuclear+Non-Proliferation+Treaty   (371 words)

Nuclear proliferation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Both countries are opposed to the NPT as it stands, and India has consistently attacked the Treaty since its inception in 1970 labling it as lopsided treaty infavour of the nuclear powers. Notable non-signatories to the NPT are Israel, Pakistan, and India (the latter two have since tested nuclear weapons, while Israel is considered by most to be an unacknowledged nuclear weapons state). In 1990 each side ratified a treaty not to attack the other's nuclear installations, and at the end of 1991 they provided one another with a list showing the location of all their nuclear plants, even though the respective lists were regarded as not being wholly accurate. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nuclear_proliferation   (6273 words)

Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) is a treaty, opened for signature on July 1, 1968, restricting the possession of nuclear weapons. However the treaty gives every state the inalienable right to use nuclear energy for peaceful purposes, and as the commercially popular light water reactor nuclear power station designs use enriched uranium fuel, it follows that states must be allowed to enrich uranium or purchase it on an international market. These countries argue that the NPT creates a club of "nuclear haves" and a larger group of "nuclear have-nots" by restricting the legal possession of nuclear weapons to those states that tested them before 1967, but the treaty never explains on what ethical grounds such a distinction is valid. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nuclear_Proliferation_Treaty   (2183 words)

Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty: As a State party to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and one of its depositories, Russia is of the opinion that [the] NPT is a time-tested document, which has become one of the main pillars of the international security system. The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty is the main factor allowing the community to hold back such a development of events, providing at the same time for the development of international cooperation in the sphere of peaceful use of nuclear energy. The conclusion of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty is an important measure of nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament. www.acronym.org.uk /npt/2002ru.htm   (1878 words)

Non-proliferation Treaty The aim of the international Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and the resulting nuclear material monitoring is the timely detection of nuclear material diversion for the manufacture of nuclear weapons or deterrence of such deviation through the risk of detection. www.euronuclear.org /info/encyclopedia/n/non-proliferation-treaty.htm   (64 words)

David Krieger, Devon Chaffee, Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Failure The NPT was to be the cornerstone for disarmament, arms control and the peaceful prevention of the further proliferation of nuclear weapons, a role that the treaty is clearly failing to fulfill. As NWS move further away from their obligations under the treaty, they are simultaneously weakening incentives for non-nuclear weapon state parties to the treaty to remain within the NPT regime. The NPT regime obligations are having less and less success in restraining the irresponsible behavior of nations, especially the treaty's NWS, and the United States in particular. www.transnational.org /forum/meet/2003/Krieger_NNPTreaty.html   (2120 words)

BASIC -- Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Since the first and second use of nuclear weapons by the United States on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, adherents of nuclear deterrence have been in the ascendancy in those countries who have maintained their ‘right’ to possess them as initially permitted under the terms of the Non-Proliferation Treaty. The signatories to the treaty accepted this discrimination on the basis that the gap between the nuclear ‘haves’ and the nuclear ‘have nots’ would be narrowed and eventually eliminated. But the NPT regime is threatened from within as much as from without, and member states of NATO, nuclear sharing countries in particular, must decide if they stand behind the norms of the NPT, or behind the emerging policies of the United States. www.basicint.org /nuclear/NPT/2003prepcom/Evolve.htm   (1353 words)

NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY The United States is strongly committed to the NPT, to efforts that further strengthen the Treaty, and to the broader international nonproliferation and arms control regime. U.S. The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) is the cornerstone of international efforts to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and promote arms control and disarmament, to achieve and maintain an effective international safeguards system, and to promote peaceful cooperation in nuclear energy. A cutoff treaty based on the 1995 consensus negotiating mandate agreed to by the CD would halt worldwide production of fissile material for nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices and thus would be an important nuclear disarmament and nonprolifera- tion step. dosfan.lib.uic.edu /acda/factshee/wmd/nuclear/npt/commnpt.htm   (4261 words)

NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY This Treaty shall enter into force after its ratification by the States, the Governments of which are designated Depositaries of the Treaty, and forty other States signatory to this Treaty and the deposit of their instruments of ratification. General provisions were included in the Treaty affirming the intentions of the parties to negotiate in good faith to achieve a cessation of the nuclear arms race, nuclear disarmament, and general and complete disarmament. Further suggestions for strengthening the Treaty were made, and in the light of these, the United States and the Soviet Union submitted a new revised version, the seventh, to the First Committee of the General Assembly on May 31. dosfan.lib.uic.edu /acda/treaties/npt1.htm   (4721 words)

Non-Proliferation Treaty The 1970 NPT is the cornerstone of both non-proliferation of nuclear weapons and nuclear disarmament. The NPT is the cornerstone of both non-proliferation of nuclear weapons and nuclear disarmament. With Korea having already announced withdrawal from the Treaty, the possibility that another nation may follow, and regressive changes in nuclear doctrine by some Nuclear Weapon States — predominantly the United States, it is clear that the Treaty is vulnerable and in need of strengthening. www.wcpeace.org /npt.htm   (3093 words)

Results of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Review Conference In the third Defense Monitor of 2000, we highlighted the 2000 Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Review Conference, pointing out the issues and urging you to express support of the NPT to your elected representatives. Thus Russia, China, France, the United Kingdom, and especially the United States, are obliged under the Treaty to end the production of nuclear weapons and their components (tritium gas and plutonium “pits”), dismantle existing weapons and their means of delivery, and to assist non-weapons states in the peaceful development and use of atomic energy. The Review Conference’s greatest achievement may be that none of the 187 States parties withdrew from the NPT despite fears that some might be prepared to opt out in the absence of any meaningful progress toward nuclear disarmament. www.cdi.org /dm/2000/issue5/Results.html   (704 words)

CNN.com - North Korea leaves nuclear pact - Jan. 10, 2003 North Korea announced Friday that it is withdrawing from the nuclear non-proliferation treaty, but does not intend to produce nuclear weapons, according to a statement from the official North Korean news agency KCNA. North Korea announced in 1993 that it was withdrawing from the treaty, but later suspended the decision and entered talks with the United States. In 1968, Great Britain, the United States and the Soviet Union signed the treaty agreeing not to transfer nuclear weapons to other nations, or to assist or encourage other nations to develop their own nuclear devices. www.cnn.com /2003/WORLD/asiapcf/east/01/10/nkorea.treaty   (616 words)

BBC NEWS Middle East Non-Proliferation treaty explained The Nuclear non-Proliferation Treaty is the cornerstone of international efforts to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and to open up access to the peaceful uses of nuclear technologies as widely as possible. The five "nuclear-armed states", all permanent members of the United Nations Security Council, are bound under the treaty not to transfer nuclear weapons or to help non-nuclear states to obtain them. The biggest crisis facing the NPT came in January 2003 when North Korea announced that it was withdrawing from the treaty. news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/asia-pacific/2645379.stm   (632 words)

Non-Proliferation Treaty They repeated their call on those three States, (India, Pakistan, Israel) which are not parties to the NPT and which operate un-safeguarded nuclear facilities, to accede to the Treaty as non-nuclear weapon States and to place their nuclear facilities under comprehensive IAEA [International Atomic Energy Agency] safeguards. Four nations have not signed the treaty -- India and Pakistan (both conducted nuclear tests in 1998), Israel (which is believed to have nuclear weapons), and Cuba. The five first nuclear states committed themselves to nuclear disarmament in return for non-nuclear states agreeing not to acquire nuclear weapons. www.peacecourier.com /Articles/npt.htm   (962 words)

Arms Control Association: Fact Sheets: The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty at a Glance The Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT), which entered into force in March 1970, seeks to inhibit the spread of nuclear weapons. The remainder of the treaty deals with its administration, providing for a review conference every five years and a decision after 25 years on whether the treaty should be extended. 1 Under the treaty, the five NWS commit to pursue general and complete disarmament, while the NNWS agree to forgo developing or acquiring nuclear weapons. www.armscontrol.org /factsheets/nptfact.asp   (546 words)

The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty and the International Atomic Energy Agency : Non-Proliferation Treaty The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) was concluded in 1968 and entered into force on March 5, 1970. Decisions of the 1995 NPT Review Conference on Strengthening the Treaty review process, Principles and Objectives for Nuclear Non-Proliferation and Disarmament; NPT Extension, and the Resolution on the Middle East Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), full text www.acronym.org.uk /npt   (1635 words)

Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty The main intent of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty was to restrict development and testing of all nuclear weapons so that no other countries besides the 5 powers that were currently nuclear powers in 1968 would be able to produce nuclear weapons. Pakistan primarily did not sign the Nuclear Non-Proliferation treaty because it felt threatened by India, a country that was already a professed nuclear power. On July 1, 1968, a treaty was signed in Washington, London and Moscow that was supposed to start to bring the end of the nuclear era. www.angelfire.com /nh/kashmir/npt.html   (519 words)

Nuclear proliferation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia It has involved cooperation in developing nuclear energy while ensuring that civil uranium, plutonium, and associated plants are used only for peaceful purposes and do not contribute in any way to proliferation or nuclear weapons programs. In 1990 each side ratified a treaty not to attack the other's nuclear installations, and at the end of 1991 they provided one another with a list showing the location of all their nuclear plants, even though the respective lists were regarded as not being wholly accurate. Nuclear proliferation is the spread of nuclear weapons production technology and knowledge to nations that do not already have such capabilities. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nuclear_proliferation   (6520 words)

Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations In April, negotiators from more than 160 countries will meet in New York to decide the fate of the 25-year-old Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). Energy Citations Database (ECD) Document #486306 - Non-proliferation treaty at 25 Critics, especially countries without nuclear weapons, say the treaty unfairly guarantees military superiority to the NPT`s five-member{open_quotes}nuclear club.{close_quotes} They also charge the nuclear powers, especially the United States and Russia, with not living up to the treaty`s requirement that they vigorously seek to halt the arms race and eliminate nuclear weapons. www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=486306   (205 words)

Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Review A new NATO nuclear strategy paper proposed for adoption on May 9 would wreck negotiations at the Non Proliferation Treaty (NPT) talks in New York by expanding the role of nuclear weapons in NATO. Along with the tensions created by the overt nuclearisation of India and Pakistan, the threat to the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (ABM) posed by US missile defence plans, the paralysis in arms control negotiations at all levels and the failure to control horizontal proliferation, The fragile architecture of the NPT (which has been valued by the international community as an essential component of global stability) is perilously close to collapse. archive.greenpeace.org /nuclear/testing   (415 words)

NPT Index Originally intended as a temporary treaty, the NPT stipulates that 25 years after entry into force, a conference shall be convened to decide whether or not the Treaty shall continue indefinitely, or be extended for an additional fixed period or periods. The NPT contains the only binding commitment to nuclear disarmament in a multilateral treaty on the part of the Nuclear Weapon States in Article 6. In 1995, the States Parties agreed to extend the Treaty indefinitely. www.reachingcriticalwill.org /legal/npt/nptindex1.html   (1756 words)

Dennis Kucinich on Weapons and Non-Proliferation Abide by the principles of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. I have been a strong supporter of the Mine Ban Treaty and of its ratification by the United States. Sign and enforce the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. www.kucinich.us /issues/nuclearnp.php   (197 words)

NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY EXTENSION CONFERENCE On the assumption that a treaty will be signed before September 30, 1996, and subject to the same understandings that govern our current moratorium, the Clinton Administration goes beyond this proposed treaty to accomplish immediate results to..... President has decided to extend the moratorium on U.S. nuclear tests until a CTB Treaty enters into force. www.osti.gov /html/secretry/tp950504.html   (1872 words)

NTI: Tutorial Explore the interactive Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) Tutorial for a complete overview, expert analysis, and multimedia presentations on the NPT, the cornerstone of the international nonproliferation regime. United Nations Department for Disarmament Affairs, Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Explore these interactive tutorials for complete overviews of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT), and issues surrounding the threats from biological and chemical warfare and radiological terrorism. www.nti.org /h_learnmore/h3_tutorial.html   (303 words)

Resources: Archives: Nuclear Weapons - Learn More About Our Issues Facing the Failures of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty Regime by David Krieger and Devon Chaffee, April 23, 2003 Statement on Behalf of Mordechai Vanunu to the Delegates of the Seventh Review Conference of the Non-Proliferation Treaty by Daniel Ellsberg, May 11, 2005 Indigenous Presentation to the Delegates of the Seventh Review Conference of the Non-Proliferation Treaty by Tony de Brum, Lolelaplap Trust, May 11, 2005 www.wagingpeace.org /menu/resources/archives/nuclear-weapons.htm   (6842 words)

Nuclear Watchdog Chief Advocates Tougher Non-Proliferation Treaty Tighter global controls on the export of nuclear material and technology must be included in a bolstered nuclear non-proliferation treaty (NPT) up for debate next year, the head of the UN nuclear watchdog said Thursday. India earlier this month repeated that it was not ready to sign the Non-Proliferation Treaty, saying the pact imposes stricter conditions on fledgling nuclear states than on established nuclear powers. North Korea withdrew from the NPT in 2003 after it revived the Yongbyon nuclear reactor, marking the first time any country has withdrawn from a multilateral arms control treaty. www.spacedaily.com /news/nuclear-blackmarket-04m.html   (708 words)

Arms Control and Counter Proliferation The launch of "Weapons of Mass Destruction: Australia's Role in Fighting Proliferation" and Open a workshop on On Site Inspection for the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, 10 October 2005 Statement at the Conference on Facilitating Entry into Force of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test Ban Treaty, 21 September 2005 This publication highlights the extent and nature of the contemporary threat posed by WMD and Australia's multidimensional strategy to address that threat. www.dfat.gov.au /security   (278 words)

NATO Update - 1970 In 1970, the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty comes into force. Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty signed on 1 July 1968 comes into force. This is followed in 1972 by an interim agreement on strategic arms limitations (SALT 1) and on anti-ballistic missile systems (the ABM Treaty), both signed during President Nixon's visit to Moscow in May. On 21 November, SALT II negotiations, intended to work out more detailed means of limiting offensive strategic weapons, open in Geneva. www.nato.int /docu/update/70-79/1970e.htm   (244 words)

NPR : Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 187 countries are committed to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, and world leaders are urging four remaining countries to ratify it: India, Pakistan, Israel, and Cuba. Morning Edition, April 25, 2000 · NPR's Ted Clark reports on the beginning of the United Nations' Nuclear Non-Proliferation conference. www.npr.org /templates/story/story.php?storyId=1073312   (108 words)

CNN.com - North Korea leaves nuclear pact - Jan. 10, 2003 North Korea announced Friday that it is withdrawing from the nuclear non-proliferation treaty, but does not intend to produce nuclear weapons, according to a statement from the official North Korean news agency KCNA. North Korea announced in 1993 that it was withdrawing from the treaty, but later suspended the decision and entered talks with the United States. In 1968, Great Britain, the United States and the Soviet Union signed the treaty agreeing not to transfer nuclear weapons to other nations, or to assist or encourage other nations to develop their own nuclear devices. www.cnn.com /2003/WORLD/asiapcf/east/01/10/nkorea.treaty   (616 words)

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