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Topic: Non-photorealistic rendering

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Non-photorealistic rendering - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Non-photorealistic rendering (NPR) is a type of computer graphics that emulates artistic rendering styles, as well as enabling new ones. NPR has appeared in movies and video games in the form of " toon shaders," as well as in architectural illustration and experimental animation. In contrast to traditional computer graphics, which has focused on photorealism, NPR is inspired by artistic styles such as painting, drawing, technical illustration, and animated cartoons. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Non-photorealistic_rendering

Graphics - Home We are working on efficient rendering by clipping the rendering of coarse geometry to the exact silhouette of the original model. Rendering refers to the process of adding shadows and variations in color and shading to add realism to computer-based images. Rather than rendering traditional geometric models such as triangle meshes, IBR renders images from changing viewpoints directly from other images and sometimes combines them with geometric information. www.research.microsoft.com /research/graphics

Real-Time Nonphotorealistic Rendering The Nonphotorealistic Rendering Project's purpose is to use computers to produce images that appear to have been drawn by hand. Computers are often used for precise rendering, computer-aided-design, and three-dimensional rendering, but, as evidenced in the art world, high precision isn't always the best way to convey ideas. Our renderer uses a method for determining visible lines and surfaces which is a modification of Appel's hidden-line algorithm, with improvements which are based on the topology of singular maps of a surface into the plane. graphics.cs.brown.edu /research/npr/home.html

NPR Publications We describe rendering algorithms which are easily incorporated into existing shaders, making non-photorealistic rendering of materials such as skin, metal, or even painted objects fast and simple. Edge-Enhancement - An Algorithm for Real-Time Non-Photorealistic Rendering. An artistic rendering method of free-form surfaces with the aid of half-toned text that is laid-out on the given surface is presented. isgwww.cs.uni-magdeburg.de /~stefans/publi/nprliterature.html

NPAR 2004: Call for participation Non-photorealistic animation and rendering (NPAR) refers loosely to a set of techniques for creating imagery in which "artistic expression" is the ultimate goal, rather than "adherence to reality," or "photorealism." Techniques for NPAR are extremely important for communicating information effectively, or for telling stories. We invite researchers and practitioners of all areas connected to non-photorealistic animation and rendering to submit papers. NPAR is the third international symposium dedicated to non-photorealistic animation and rendering, including cartoon animation systems and techniques. www.npar.org /2004

CS-TR-95-2: Comic-Strip Rendering Non photorealistic rendering methods have received very little attention, our work addresses this gap. Photorealistic rendering methods have been at the centre of much computer graphic research and remain in that position to date. However, photorealism is not always a desirable goal, sometimes a hand-drawn quality to the image is wanted and this requires a non photorealistic renderer. www.mcs.vuw.ac.nz /comp/Publications/CS-TR-95-2.abs.html

thinkingaloud.net/nprflow The stroke length is increased until a maximum length is reached or the difference between the field orientation at one of its endpoints and the one at its center exceeds a given tolerance angle (like 10°). The images of the electrostatic field and the flow around a cylinder were computed with data sets generated by the mfield program written by Greg Turk and available in his streamline package. It was rendered in less than a second with the PCRenderer object from the pcbasics library. hydra.nat.uni-magdeburg.de /michbeck/index.php?menuItem=thoughts&project=nprflow

McGill University School of Computer Science Colloquium: David Mix Barrington However, in recent years, some researchers have turned their attention towards non-photorealistic rendering (NPR) methods, creating imagery that is stylized, emotionally expressive, or suggests the hand-crafted look of traditional artistic media such as impressionist painting or pen-and-ink sketches. To maintain temporal coherence, animators often want the non-photorealistic rendering primitives (impressionist paint strokes, pencil strokes, mosaic tesserae, etc.) to appear attached to the underlying scene objects while still maintaining a freedom and expressiveness for vibrant and aesthetically pleasing results. I will describe several applications for this work including performance driven animation, non-photorealistic virtual environments, and video cubism, a new framework for non-photorealistic rendering of video. www.cs.mcgill.ca /news/seminars/sem-2002_03_14.html

Imager Theses and Major Essays: Adrian Secord, M.Sc. Non-photorealistic rendering is a branch of computer graphics which draws heavily from the traditional artistic disciplines such as painting, drawing, and etching. The emphasis of this research area is to provide rendering styles to artists that communicate, elucidate and express ideas clearly and with style without necessarily reproducing every detail. The first approach probabilistically places primitives on the output canvas and achieves very fast, "sketchy" renderings. www.cs.ubc.ca /labs/imager/th/secord.msc.2002.html

Non-Photorealistic Computer Graphics It introduces non-photorealistic (rendering) techniques and look at the subject in two directions: first, in a more technically oriented direction where special techniques are presented, and second, the application of non-photorealistic techniques in different areas. In June 2004, the International Symposium on Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering was held in Annecy, France. Such photorealistic rendering techniques have been studied in detail and are still one of the main research areas in computer graphics today. isgwww.cs.uni-magdeburg.de /graphik/lehre/nrcg/nrcg.html

Non-Photorealistic Rendering Images generated by a CS 224 final project that did stroke-based rendering of 3D models. This is the model of the pony with a simple renderer. Fellow team members were Chris Nemcosky and Rob Allen. pirate.typepad.com /photos/npr

Martin Centre CADLAB - Interactive Rendering and Non-photorealistic Rendering A review of extant non-photorealistic rendering work by others, and a critical analysis of the field can be found in the paper: The first CADLAB project to complete the full development cycle is the Piranesi system for interactive rendering, which has been patented and licensed for commercial exploitation to Informatix Software International, the UK subsidiary of the research sponsor. Unlike conventional renderers, Piranesi is not a physics-based simulator of the optical properties of light. www.arct.cam.ac.uk /research/cadlab/irender

Stylized Depiction: Non-Photorealistic, Painterly and 'Toon Rendering EVA Expressive Renderer (1999) by Dave Gordon is a unique rendering framework utilizing a C++ based shading language and provides a host of 2D and non-photorealistic effects based on the concept of a mark generator. Non-Photorealistic Computer Graphics: Modeling, Rendering, and Animation (2002) by Thomas Strothotte and Stefan Schlechtweg. Christopher G. Healey this course presentation surveys a number of issues in nonphotorealistic rendering and visual perception, then discusses their relevance to computer graphics and scientific visualization through a series of descriptions, examples, and practical applications. www.red3d.com /cwr/npr

View-Dependent Particles for Interactive Non-Photorealistic Rendering (ResearchIndex) Abstract: We present a novel framework for non-photorealistic rendering based on view-dependent geometric simplification techniques. 1.5 : A New Framework For Non-Photorealistic Rendering - Perry, Frisken (2001) This algorithm thus unifies several tasks common in artistic rendering, such as placing strokes, regulating the... citeseer.ist.psu.edu /338458.html

Evaluation of Silhouette Rendering Algorithm in Terrain Visualisation On the whole, silhouette rendering algorithms are found to be sufficient enough for visualising the terrain as an artistic sketch. NPR has also described by Hertzmann (2001 p.7) as "any attempt to create images to convey a scene without directly rendering a physical simulation". Rendering the wireframe methods using the texture mapping for better and clearer representation of the silhouette. staf.uum.edu.my /ruzinoor/dissertation.htm

NPR, Single Polygon at a time rendering of special features Data structures do not support explicit rendering of edges, one needs to write significant code to identify edges, test whether they are silhouette/sharp and use two or more passes of rendering. NPR is ideal for many graphics programs: from course projects that demonstrate 3D phenomenon (e.g. The situation for NPR techniques here is similar to the classic case of brute-force z-buffer technique being preferred over other highly efficient visibility algorithms because the method does not depend on specific data structure and is easy to support in hardware. www.cs.unc.edu /~raskar/NPR

NPR Course Notes These marks may be small relative to the image being rendered, as in the case of pen-and-ink lines [SAL97] or oil paint brushstrokes [MEI96], or they may occupy nearly the entire image, as in the case of a watercolor wash [CUR97]. First, since the objects were rendered in different layers (see Appendix B for why this was necessary), it was alright to let them intersect each other. I have seen many NPR animation projects revert to a traditional CG look, or fail entirely, simply because they were started without a clear visual goal in mind. www.otherthings.com /uw/npr/early_version.html

NYU Media Research Lab Projects Non-Photorealistic Rendering Multiperspective Rendering images to be rendered with non-linear perspective, freeing artists to combine images of objects with different viewpoints. Our goal is to expand the range of rendering styles available to artists and designers for creating images, animations, and interactive environments; in effect, to combine the expressivity of natural media with the flexibility of computer graphics. Painterly rendering methods can process images and video to make them look hand-painted. mrl.nyu.edu /projects/npr

Non-Photorealistic (NPR) Rendering Here we consciously confine the use of the adjective non-photorealistic (NPR) to the simulation of various hand painting effects, such as pen-and-ink drawing, and employ the adjective expressive to imply surreal features, such as object and viewing deformation, which may be rendered using either photorealistic or non-photorealistic methods. From the definition of the viewing system, through to the final rendering of the colour at each pixel in a synthesised image we have opportunities to introduce artistic effects by manipulating the viewing system, normals, opacity, colour, geometry, iso-surface, textures and hypertextures. The rendering space has the richest concentration of information that can be used for generation of various expressive and NPR effects. www.swan.ac.uk /compsci/research/graphics/vg/npr

Animation Lab: Non-photorealistic Rendering of Dynamic Motion Non-photorealistic rendering is a field of significant interest in the graphics community with many recent papers on such topics as rendering with simulated watercolors, creating images in an impressionist style, and automatically extracting silhouettes. Non-photorealistic, or stylized rendering techniques will be used to display the results, because they allow us to isolate the important information, as would be done in a user's manual or in a technical illustration. Current techniques for animating human characters focus on the motion itself and typically output a rendering of the moving character. www.cc.gatech.edu /gvu/animation/Areas/nonphotorealistic

Tone Shading, Non-Photorealistic Rendering Using LightWave 3D In this example, the sharp creases rendering is off in the central rod part, and the silhouette edges set to medium for all the parts. The paper provides an algorithm for rendering objects with shading in cool to warm tones with about the same luminance. In order to manually replace the built-in shading with this method, elaborate light-incidence gradients would need to be applied in layers, one for each light, and blended based on the light strength and falloff, etc. In this case, with a single white light, we are spared complication intentionally. www.francesdose.com /arnie/l6notebook_toneshade.htm

SIGGRAPH 99 Full Day Course: Non-Photorealistic Rendering In the history of computer graphics, the area of non-photorealistic rendering (NPR) has emerged relatively recently as a subject area in its own right. One of the refreshing aspects of NPR is that it brings closer together the disciplines of art and science; its value is far less on the technical brilliance of the techniques but on the aesthetics of the results, and the scope to convey shape, structure and artistic expression. For the research community, NPR represents a gold mine of opportunity, with recent proponents having addressed a wide range of subject matter, including various artistic styles such as pen and ink, watercolor and pencil sketch. www.mrl.nyu.edu /publications/npr-course1999

Non-Photorealistic-Rendering The main idea here is to take advantage of NPR techniques for the rendering of complex 3D models on those devices. NPR techniques offer abstraction s and simplifications of 3D models that can make possible there rendering on mobile devices. The main objective of IPARLA project is to visualize and manipulate complex data on mobile devices. www.labri.u-bordeaux.fr /Perso/~gthomas/NPR_GB.html

Algorithmic Arts: EVA Renderer EVA is a rendering program designed to give artists and animators a greater range of options in representing 3D scenes as 2D images than ordinary photorealistic renderers provide. Mark generators are object properties that perform operations on output images, such as scan converting surfaces, applying effect filters to rendered layers, and drawing brush strokes based on an analysis of scene geometry. The property manager allows EVA shaders to be attached to objects in a scene, interactive selection of shader attributes and previewing of final rendered results. www.algorithmic.com /eva_e.html

course23 This course gives a concise introduction to non-photorealistic rendering (NPR): generation of artistic imagery and perceptually effective scientific visualization. Topics include the relevance of visual perception and artistic techniques to NPR, brush-stroke rendering, paint-inspired techniques, hardware-accelerated NPR, and parallel NPR. The lecturers will deliver working knowledge of fundamental NPR techniques and some of the advanced approaches at the forefront of NPR research. www.cs.ucdavis.edu /~ma/SIGGRAPH02/course23

NPRQuake.      Non-PhotoRealistic Rendering (npr) is often considered the task of taking a 3d environment and displaying it as if it were (for example) hand-drawn. We actively encourage everyone to attempt to create their own renderers, and possibly fix some of the bugs we were having with our own. Stylization is the main purpose of an npr, as is with most pencil-and-paper artists (imagine if everyone who drew cartoons tried to make them look as realistic as possible - boring!). www.cs.wisc.edu /graphics/Gallery/NPRQuake/whatIsIt.html

Entourage Arts Releases Non Photorealistic (NPR) Content “As an Illustrator creating digital NPR renderings using applications such as SketchUP, Piranesi, and Photoshop, I was frustrated with the lack of any 2D NPR entourage to match the NPR capabilities of the software,” states Susan Sorger, founder and President of Entourage Arts. NPR has become a hot topic in design visualization and these collections are ideally suited to address those needs. NPR People Volume 1 (112 people (Business and Casual) within 104 pieces, and additional bonus ‘parts’) and NPR Trees and Plants Volume 1 (121 pieces) are available now for a suggested retail price of US$139 each. www.digitalmediadesigner.com /articles/viewarticle.jsp?id=32965

Abstracted Image Stylization Painterly rendering refers to the computerized process of transforming ordinary photographs into stylized variations that resemble paintings (in that they are built of from a set of strokes). For comparison, we also include automatic renderings at a particular level of detail (which lack meaningful abstraction). Below are results from our approach in two styles: painterly renderings and line drawings. www.cs.rutgers.edu /~decarlo/stylize.html

Amazon.co.uk: Books: Non-photorealistic Rendering Defined by what it is not, non-photorealistic rendering brings art and science together, concentrating less on the process and more on communicating the contents of an image. A summary of non-photorealistic rendering algorithms, as well as pseudo-code for producing some of the images, is included. Many computer graphics resaerchers are exploring non-photorealistic rendering techniques as an alternative to realistic rendering. www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/1568811330

Penguin - Non photorealistic rendering for Rhino Penguin is a conceptual, sketch and cartoon, non-photometric scan line renderer. Penguin brings freehand sketching, watercolor painting and cartoon-like rendering to Rhino and AutoCAD. With Penguin you can create stylized images of your models with an artistic look for enhanced graphic and visual appeal. www.penguin3d.com

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