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Topic: Nonviolent resistance

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	Nonviolent resistance - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Nonviolent resistance (or nonviolent action) comprises the practice of applying power to achieve socio-political goals through symbolic protests, economic or political noncooperation, civil disobedience and other methods, without the use of violence.
		Nonviolent resistance in Denmark during World War II When the Wehrmacht invaded Denmark in 1940, the Danes soon saw that military confrontation would change little except the number of surviving Danes.
		Nonviolent Resistance in Norway during World War II Norway's teachers, in spite of great suffering, successfully prevented the Nazification of Norway's educational system and society attempted by collaborationist leader Vidkun Quisling.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Nonviolent_resistance (2315 words)

	Nonviolent resistance - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Khudai Khidmatgar, headed by Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, lead a parallel movement of nonviolent resistance against the British colonials in the North-West Frontier Province.
		Jewish resistance by a minority was violent, but for the most part it consisted of the smuggling of refugees into the land, evading the British blockade.
		The most famous incident of such resistance was the voyage of the Exodus 1947.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nonviolent_resistance (2362 words)

	King Encyclopedia
		It was the Montgomery bus boycott of 1956, however, that would demonstrate to King the power of nonviolent resistance as a tactical weapon against racial discrimination.
		The nonviolent resister is just as strongly opposed to the evil against which he protests as is the person who uses violence.
		The nonviolent resister must often express his protest through noncooperation or boycotts, but he realizes that noncooperation and boycotts are not ends themselves; they are merely means to awaken a sense of moral shame in the opponent.
	stanford.edu /group/King/about_king/encyclopedia/nonviolent.resist.html (821 words)

	LibertyGuide.com - The Literature of Nonviolent Resistance and Civilian-Based Defense (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		His examples include: Hungarian resistance to the Austrian empire from 1850 to 1867; the Belgian suffragist enlargement strikes in 1893, 1902, and 1913; Finland's opposition to Russian rule from 1898 to 1905; and the Russian Revolution of 1905 and 1906.
		Sharp is far from a Panglossian advocate of nonviolence; indeed, it is precisely because of the possibility of failure that he is interested in studying the mechanics of nonviolent struggle.
		From the outset, one should note that some of the most famous cases of nonviolent resistance were carried out against foreign powers: colonial North America and India against the British; Germany against France and Belgium in the Ruhrkampf; and Hungary against the rule of the Austrian Empire.
	www.theihs.org /libertyguide/hsr/hsr.php/25.html (7640 words)

	voluntaryist.com
		Voluntaryist resistance builds self-confidence and is a real tool of empowerment because people realize that they can shape the course of their lives and alter long-lived institutions.
		Nonviolence does not mean meek submission to the will of the evil doer, but rather the pitting of one's whole soul against the will of the tyrant.
		The goal of voluntaryist resistance is to abolish the political power structure and its success or failure in obtaining that objective rests squarely on the degree to which its strategy succeeds in delegitimizing the State and in inducing people to withdraw their support from the government.
	www.voluntaryist.com /action/vol_resistance.php (4223 words)

	Nonviolent Resistance
		Nonviolent resistance is a method of social change that employs strategies such as strikes, sit-ins, boycotts and civil disobedience.
		Resistance on the buses would, for example, mean humiliation, mistreatment by police, arrest, and some physical violence inflicted on the participants.
		Nonviolence is a very potent weapon when the opponent is civilized, but nonviolence is no repellent for a sadist.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /USAnonviolent.htm (2636 words)

	Nonviolent Power in Iraq
		The other is the breadth and extent of Iraqi nonviolent resistance to the violence of the occupation.
		Nor was it a surprise that he called for all Iraqis to march unarmed to Najaf and that Iraqis from all over the country did in fact join in, and now have access to their shrine.
		Those of us pledged to nonviolence are also saddened, but not surprised, to hear that the marchers were fired upon several times during their gathering and procession, with scores killed, and many more wounded.
	www.warresisters.org /NonviolentPowerinIraq.htm (830 words)

	Civil Resistance \| A Global Call (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Global Call Iraq campaign uses the term “Civil Resistance” rather than “Civil Disobedience,” the latter of which is understood as selective, conscientious disobedience of a particular law considered illegal, immoral or unjust with the focus to change consciousness and ultimately the law in question.
		Regardless of the name, we believe that sustained and global nonviolent civil resistance would intensify the conflict around the U.S. policy of war, domination and aggression, bring the reality of the violence of U.S. policy to the streets of the world, and force a change in the policies of violence and domination.
		Nonviolent resistance (or nonviolent action) comprises the practice of applying power to achieve socio-political goals through symbolic protests, economic or political noncooperation, civil disobedience and other methods, without the use of physical violence.
	globalcalliraq.org /en/civil_resistance (735 words)

	[No title]
		Nonviolent resistance exploits this conflict within individuals who seem to be in opposition but in the end may behave very differently.
		Nonviolent resistance is conducted by a local population with the means available in their everyday civilian life.
		Nonviolent conflict is focused on that intermediate place where the conflict could not be avoided and yet to be resolved.
	www.faithandvalues.com /tx/SPIRIT-164/1 (2460 words)

	Waging Peace: Nonviolent Resistance Conference Held in Bethlehem
		The media’s failure to cover acts of nonviolent resistance, Barghouti told the group, means their presentation of the struggle solely as a conflict between the Israel Defense Forces and Islamic militants is a profound contradiction with what is really happening between the Palestinians and the Israelis.
		Mubarak Awad, founder and director of Nonviolence International, suggested a nonviolent plan in which the Palestinian refugee camps in Jordan, Syria and Lebanon would be burned, with the refugees marching toward Israel and demanding their legal right of return.
		Abu-Nimer went on to cite several myths about nonviolence within the Arab world, such as that nonviolence is a tool of cooperation with those in power, that violence eventually can end any conflict, that nonviolence is too slow and too costly, and that occupation is brutal and thus defies a nonviolent approach.
	www.wrmea.com /archives/April_2006/0604067b.html (778 words)

	Nonviolent Resistance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Nonviolence is not limited to physical activity; nonviolent actions are defined by tone as well as action.
		Nonviolence means refraining from avoidable or necessary harm, not only to human beings, but to members of other species, to the land, and to the earth.
		Nonviolence is most easily lived out in community, with support and encouragement from others.
	www.stopthebombs.org /resistance.php4 (505 words)

	Reason magazine -- January 1995. Ted Galen Carpenter.
		In Strategic Nonviolent Conflict: The Dynamics of People Power in the Twentieth Century, Peter Ackerman, a visiting scholar at the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London, and Christopher Kruegler, president of the Albert Einstein Institution in Cambridge, Massachusetts, present compelling arguments that a well-conceived campaign of nonviolent resistance may be a more feasible option.
		Indeed, a common characteristic of the unsuccessful nonviolent movements highlighted in the historical case studies is the tendency to persist with one set of tactics rather than adjust to changing conditions to exploit the oppressor's weaknesses or to compensate for emerging vulnerabilities in the resistance movement.
		Strategic Nonviolent Conflict makes an invaluable contribution to the study of nonviolent resistance and offers several useful guidelines to those who are dedicated to defending or recovering their freedom in the post-Cold War world.
	reason.com /9501/dept.bkCARPENTER.text.shtml (1676 words)

	iraqpledge.org
		The resistance actions around the third anniversary got rolling the previous week, when a number of individuals working with the Chicago-based Voices for Creative Nonviolence joined with activists in Washington DC to disrupt a meeting of the House Appropriates Committee as it took up the $67 supplemental funding bill for the Iraq war.
		Following a litany of mourning and resistance, the group of more than 200 nonviolent resisters processed across the Memorial Bridge to the LBJ Grove, near the Pentagon, carrying a ceremonial coffin covered with pictures of those who have lost their lives in the Iraq war.
		A number of the resisters came from as far away as New Mexico and Alaska and informed police that there would refuse to return for the court date or pay any fines, but were released anyway.
	www.iraqpledge.org (2283 words)

	Nonviolence & Civilian-Based Defense
		Using their usual violent measures against groups that are clearly acting nonviolently can result in what Sharp calls "political jiu-jitsu." The violence in effect rebounds against the aggressor by strengthening the resolve of the resisting group.
		In their letter the bishops write: "Nonviolent means of resistance to evil deserve much more study and consideration than they have thus far received." But Sharp and the bishops would seem to disagree on one key point.
		The bishops state that the objective of nonviolent resistance is "to seek the good of the other.
	www.fragmentsweb.org /stuff/nvwar.html (3499 words)

	Albert Einstein Institution - Publications - 047 Nonviolent Resistance in Lithuania
		Gandhi was among the first national leaders to show both in theoretical analysis and practical action that nonviolent struggle is a positive force that can be successfully used in conflict.
		The present essay is an overview of nonviolent resistance in Lithuania in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
		Beginning with the story of Lithuanian resistance to Tsarist Russification, an attempt is made to show that the nonviolent character of the resistance was of major importance in defeating the TsarÕs policies.
	www.aeinstein.org /organizations9997.html (688 words)

	Nonviolent Resistance in Palestine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The fact that thousands of Palestinians and hundreds of Israelis are together employing nonviolent tactics similar to those of the US civil rights movement and the South African anti-Apartheid movement would come as surprising and welcome news to most Americans.
		Americans are largely unaware of the struggling but vibrant grassroots nonviolent movement in Palestine, because the US corporate media prefers a simple, flawed story of Palestinian terrorist attacks and Israeli retaliation.
		Erlanger omits 80 protests in Bil’in, three years of nonviolent resistance to the Wall in the West Bank, the rich Palestinian history of nonviolent resistance and the Israeli military’s brutal repression of nonviolent dissent.
	www.ifamericansknew.org /media/nonviolent.html (812 words)

	Nonviolent Resistance - Page 3
		Nonviolent resistance or nonviolent direct action dates back to ancient times, i.e.
		In the mode of Mahandas K. Gandhi, the spirit of nonviolence embodies a belief in the basic unity of humankind.
		They will also decide the main message of their action, what will be done during the action (prayer, song, symbols, dancing, silence, etc.), what preparations need to be made and what process will be used to make decisions as the action is taking place.
	www.gzcenter.org /nvresist/page3.htm (294 words)

	Martin Luther King
		King was also influenced by Henry David Thoreau and his theories on how to use nonviolent resistance to achieve social change.
		Nonviolent resistance was on the verge of being transformed into violence.
		Here is the true meaning of value and compassion and nonviolence when it helps us to see the enemy's point of view, to hear his questions, to know his assessment of ourselves.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /USAkingML.htm (8412 words)

	Nonviolence Works: Dynamics of Nonviolent Resistance
		Instead of meeting them directly on that level, where he is strong, nonviolent actionists rely on a totally different technique of struggle or "weapons system." This technique is designed to work to their advantage.
		According to the theories of nonviolent action, violence is removed, not by yielding to it, but by remaining firm in its face.
		It is important to remember that there are risks in passivity - especially in letting an oppressive regime go unchallenged - and in any type of violent action which might be taken.
	www.nonviolenceworks.net /NVWSite.htm/about.htm/dynamics.htm (171 words)

	United for Peace : Training for Mass Nonviolent Civil Disobedience
		The White House action will be preceded on Sunday with a series of opportunities under the banner of "Building a Community of Resistance" to meet and learn from one another and build the sense of community, solidarity, vision, discipline and organization among those who plan to act together on Monday.
		Nonviolence training for unaffiliated persons and affinity groups who did not receive training locally.
		NVDA Workgroup members will host a "Scenario Orientation" that will continue discussion of nonviolent methods and also outline the plan for the day and present the likely scenarios and consequences of direct action the next day, including a legal briefing.
	www.unitedforpeace.org /article.php?id=3102 (315 words)

	Tax Resistance is Nonviolent Civil Resistance \| A Global Call (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		We at the Global Call Iraq Campaign are inspired and strengthened by the courageous moral decision made by many people to withhold all or part of their federal taxes as a protest against the war in Iraq and militarism.
		Tax resisters say refusal to pay all or part of their taxes is an act of civil disobedience.
		Many tax resisters dispute the way that figure is calculated.
	globalcalliraq.org /en/node/441 (645 words)

	Martin Luther King, Jr.’s Six Facts About Nonviolent Resistance
		One is passive and nonviolent physically, but very active spiritually, always seeking ways to persuade the opponent of advantages to the way of love, cooperation, and peace.
		The nonviolent resister attacks the forces of evil, not the people who are engaged in injustice.
		In nonviolent resistance, one learns to avoid physical violence toward others and also learns to love the opponents with “agape” or unconditional love - which is love given not for what one will receive in return, but for the sake of love alone.
	www.care2.com /channels/solutions/self/1716 (836 words)

	Literature of Nonviolent Action
		nonviolent resistance and its implications for classical liberal social theory.
		Danish, Norwegian, and Dutch resistance to Nazism from 1940 to 1945 was pronounced and
		Resistance Against the German Occupation of Denmark 1940-5," in Roberts, pp.
	www.carolmoore.net /articles/nv-action-article.html (7039 words)

	Mohandas Gandhi and Nonviolent Resistance
		Mohandas Gandhi and Nonviolent Resistance Gandhi’s methods of nonviolence resistance did indeed work for the people of India, but for other cases this method would not have worked as well.
		Since Iraq was seen as a threat the U.S. had to take action and nothing even a nonviolent resistant method would stop them.
		Since Iraq was not controlled by another country at the time, like India was, nonviolence resistance would do nothing for them.
	www.radessays.com /link.php?site=re&aff=r2c2&dest=viewpaper.php?request=49353 (270 words)

	Seeds of nonviolent resistance sown in Iraq \| csmonitor.com
		Seeds of nonviolent resistance sown in Iraq
		But in January a dozen residents - a group of childhood friends - decided that people needed a voice for their political views and formed a nonviolent political group.
		Although Mahmoud does not condemn the violent route of the muqawma, he says that a parallel political route must be taken.
	www.csmonitor.com /2004/0602/p07s01-woiq.html (951 words)

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