
	Where results make sense

Topic: Nongqawuse

Related Topics

Ghost Dance

Xhosa

History of South Africa

1856

Nelson Mandela

Ghost Dance

	Nongqawuse – Prophetess of Doom
		A young girl called Nongqawuse, who was part of the Gcaleka clan, received a message from the ancestors which almost led the Xhosa people to commit suicide.
		Nongqawuse, who was born in the Kentani district and raised by her witchdoctor uncle, was fourteen years old when she was sitting on a rock at a pool near the Gxara River.
		As for Nongqawuse, she was petrified because the deluded people would have torn her to pieces.
	www.encounter.co.za /article/118.html (461 words)

	The Herald : LaFemme : history.htm
		According to her vision, this would lead to herds of cattle and fields of grain arising from the earth, preceded by a whirlwind which would sweep all Xhosas who disobeyed the orders of the spirits, as well as the whites, into the sea.
		Umhlakasa was one of those who died of hunger but Nongqawuse survived and was arrested in the Cathcart district, confessing she acted under her uncle’s influence.
		Today Nongqawuse’s grave is set amid a copse of sneezewood trees, her bones only now, ironically, surrounded by healthy cattle grazing in lush green pastures.
	www.theherald.co.za /femme/2002/06/05/history.htm (719 words)

	Nongqawuse - Africa Deluxe Tours' Quickies service - information
		A sixteen-year-old prophetess, Nongqawuse daughter or niece of Mhlakaza of the Gcaleka chiefdom, claimed to have been in touch with the ancestors.
		She had a vision at a pool in the Gxarha River, located in what is today known as Nongqawuse's Valley or Intlambo-ka-Nongqawuse in isiXhosa.
		Some elders and chiefs within the Xhosa community belief that Sir George Grey himself, or his agents, were in fact the people who spoke the young impressionable Nongqawuse from the reeds next to that pool and thus instigated the tragedy that followed.
	www.afrilux.co.za /quickies/Nongqawuse.htm (888 words)

	THE NATIONAL SUICIDE OF THE XHOSA
		Nongqawuse was told to ask her uncle Mhalakaza, who was something of a seer, to come with her to the river in four days' time.
		This is what she claimed they said: "We are the people who have come to order you to kill your cattle, to consume your corn and not to cultivate anymore." Mhalakaza was instructed to take this message to the paramount chief of the Xhosa, Sarili, and to all the other chiefs.
		The idea soon took root that Nongqawuse's strangers had been Russians, fl men in military coats, for in the minds of the Xhosa at the time, the Russians were really the ghosts of past Xhosa warriors and therefore must be fl.
	www.christianaction.org.za /articles_ca/2004-2-THE_NATIONAL_SUICIDE_XHOSA.htm (2694 words)

	Embedded in History
		Camagu’s link to the past of history and myth is construed in the novel in terms of his confrontation with the legend of Nongqawuse, the parallel historical narrative and the significance attached to the meaning of his name.
		The second Peires reference, and one which should be given some significance, draws attention to the need to preserve the ritual killing of the cattle as the supporters of Nongqawuse became adjusted to the first disappointment in her prophecies.
		Nongqawuse demanded that the umefumlo, breath/soul, of the cattle should be preserved as this offered the one way of communication with the ancestors to gain their appeasement for the cattle sickness and to make the world right again (Dead 104-5).
	www.uwc.ac.za /arts/auetsa/davidBell.htm (2970 words)

	Website Readings #8 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		It is difficult to agree with Peires on two key arguments which he offers to explain the readiness of amaXhosa to believe and obey the otherwise absurd instructions of Nongqawuse and her supporters.
		Nongqawuse cannot be absolved from the tragedy of 1856-7.
		From here, in order to build a case for the impact of Christianity on the Cattle-Killing, Peires produces the tantalizing idea that Mhlakaza, the uncle and mentor of Nongqawuse, was in fact one William Goliath, once the personal servant of Merriman, the Archdeacon of Grahamstown, and the first Xhosa to be confirmed as an Anglican.
	courses.smsu.edu /ash254f/website_readings_8.htm (4964 words)

	INTO AFRICA
		Nongqawuse was the teenage Xhosa girl who turned prophetess during the frontier wars between the settlers and the Xhosa and set off the great Xhosa cattle-killing of 1856 to 1857.
		She said she had visions of Ònew peopleÓ who told her the dead were preparing to rise again, along with wonderful new cattle.
		The proposal is to remember this important, traumatic and complex event through naming a site where Nongqawuse is said to have lived and made her prophecies.
	www.chico.mweb.co.za /mg/travel/prev/heritage-ec.html (685 words)

	Nongqawuse
		Nongqawuse told her people that the spirits had told her a new day would come for the Xhosa.
		Today, the place where Nongqawuse said she had seen the spirits is called Intlambo-ka-Nongqawuse, the Valley of Nongqawuse.
		The poverty in the area is still blamed on Nongqawuse and the big cattle killing.
	home.intekom.com /southafricanhistoryonline/pages/people/nongqawuse.htm (497 words)

	ZA@Play - G-town 99: Resurrecting a vision 11/06/99
		Nongqawuse’s is the ultimate tale of African self-delusion in the face of European colonial aggression.
		He believes that his style of ritualistic theatre, where the performers themselves achieve something of a state of mesmerisation, and the audience is drawn in as an active participant, complete with the aura of incense and medicinal herbs, is part of this healing process.
		He cites a play written by HIE Dhlomo in the 1930s (one of many previous attempts to dramatise the saga of Nongqawuse) where the author, himself a fl man, ironically portrays Nongqawuse as a godsend because her folly, and the destruction that followed it, led to the fl race abandoning their belief in the supernatural.
	www.chico.mweb.co.za /art/gtown99/9906/990611-prophet.html (1169 words)

	Sunday Times - travel - 14 May 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		At a distance on the waves of the sea he saw his son who had recently died: he was alive and well and living in the Otherworld with King Hintsa, Sarhili's father, who had been beheaded by the British 20 years before.
		More than a century after Nongqawuse, thousands committed suicide by drinking poison in Jonestown, Guyana, because they believed the world was coming to an end.
		Unlike Nongqawuse, who killed her own people, Heitsi Eibib saved his people.
	www.sundaytimes.co.za /2000/05/14/lifestyle/travel/travel03.htm (1767 words)

	LitNet: Seminar Room (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In Western thinking, the story of Nongqawuse is a blot on the history of the Xhosa, a proof of the “primitiveness” which led them to believe a senseless prophesy demanding from them to kill their cattle and destroy their crops, in the hope that their ancestors would then deliver them from the British colonisers.
		Mda turns the tables; he suggests that the history of Nongqawuse is an indication of the utter despondency felt by the Xhosas at their subordination by the British — in total desperation, one clutches at any straw of hope.
		The history of Nongqawuse is ridden of its shamefulness and leads to a positive end of the novel — the village of Qolorwa is saved through its link with Nongqawuse; it is proclaimed as a heritage town, which saves it from the destruction of modern developers.
	www.litnet.co.za /seminarroom/strangely.asp (3683 words)

	GRADE 5: Provincial histories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Nongqawuse told her people what the spirits said to her: a new day would come for the Xhosa.
		There are also those who believe that she did not see real ghosts, but that it was the British governor who disguised themselves.
		Even now, the poverty in the area is still blamed on Nongqawuse and the big cattle killing.
	www.sahistory.org.za /pages/classroom/pages/projects/grade5/lesson2/nongqawuse.htm (510 words)

	--[GetawaytoAfrica.com - Getaway magazine]--
		The pool where she is said to have seen the vision is near the Kei River and was the first of the 'places of interest' we visited.
		The promised day came and went and the Xhosa nation was left staring at the horizon and a future of poverty and subservience.
		Nongqawuse was eventually hounded out the district as a fraud, but to this day there are people who believe that she was not to blame and that the vision was a result of British trickery.
	www.getawaytoafrica.com /content/magazine/features/print.asp?id=450 (2444 words)

	Article 95, April 2002: NONGQAWUSE: suggestions for a CALL/Internet lesson. By Rolf Palmberg
		Nongqawuse is a reading comprehension program (click here to download) which offers learners an opportunity to practise their ability to understand the plain sense of what is stated in a text and their ability to read between the lines (or, rather, "between the words").
		While making the learners read and re-read written text both for specific and global information (this is especially true for the follow-up task), the program also develops in the learners flexible and critical reading skills.
		Nongqawuse was a 14-year-old girl of the Xhosa tribe in South Africa.
	www.eltnewsletter.com /back/April2002/art952002.htm (619 words)

	sundaytimes.co.za :: Home of the Sunday Times :: South Africa's best selling newspaper :: (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Perhaps you aren't supposed to go looking into the pools of the Gxarha river where in 1856 Nongqawuse saw and received messages from her ancestors, messages which led to the famous cattle killing, crop destruction and subsequent starvation of thousands of people in the Xhosa nation.
		A gentle man with a huge knowledge of the land and its people, he normally runs trails in the morning but it is usually only foreigners who want to go to the pools.
		We cross the river and drive through the tall grass of a flat riverine plain, surely the fields she was tending when she went to the pool and had her vision.
	www.suntimes.co.za /explorer/05/06/diary.asp (651 words)

	The Cattle Killings
		Cattle were important for controlling both male and female sexuality, and critical in the role of arranging marriage and thus, access to women’s reproductive and productive capacities.
		Nongqawuse’s originality, Bradford states, lay in her connection between “promiscuous men engaging in sex that defiled them and the animals [that were] symbolically linked to female reproductive capacities.”
		Ultimately, it is not simply Nongqawuse’s words that have been marginalized and misunderstood, but men themselves because they are presumed to be understood in a sexual vacuum, apart from their gender roles as husbands and fathers and uncles and lovers.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/african_history/111854 (675 words)

	African Dawn
		A young girl called Nongqawuse was gathering water at a stream when she had a vision.
		At the time Nongqawuse confessed her vision, the Xhosa were a nation distraught by years of defeat and humiliation, undermined by colonial rule and impoverished by drought and cattle confiscation.
		In such townships one finds the emphasis upon education and the Church that emerged after Nongqawuse, but equally, a resilient belief in the influence of the ancestors and the importance of traditional rituals.
	www.capetown.at /africandawn/XhosaNews.htm (1492 words)

	Welcome to the Daily Dispatch - 1999/11/16
		I WAS astonished to read Mary Taylor's letter ("Nongqawuse should teach us a lesson," DD, Nov 2) in Stutterheim.
		THE 1857 cattle-killing episode of Nongqawuse is a controversial topics.
		Nongqawuse was not a naive girl from irresponsible people.
	www.dispatch.co.za /1999/11/16/editoria (312 words)

	Quee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The crowd outside bays for blood; a bomb scare clears the court; an asassin stalks; Verwoerd is in a bullet-proof booth; the trial is held in a closed court but relayed to the public on radio and television.
		In 1856, on the banks of the Gxarha River in what was known as Xhosa, a young woman, Nongqawuse, had visions.
		She met "New People" who, she said, spoke of wonderous thing, of the ancestors arising from the dead, of new herds of cattle rising up, of a beautiful peaceful new world...
	www.sadtu.org.za /ev/HTML_Nov_Dec_2001/saints.htm (615 words)

	artsmart : arts news from kwazulu-natal : drama (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		A young prophetess, Nongqawuse, persuaded her people to slaughter all their cattle and destroy their crops with the promise that the sun would rise in the west and the white settlers would disappear into the ocean.
		Using Nongqawuse’s prophecy as reference, playwright Kobus Moolman has taken the saga full circle into modern-day South Africa for his Full Circle, moving it to 1994 and placing it in the orbit of a dysfunctional trio of Afrikaner extremists.
		Her father was murdered seven years ago and all she remembers of the incident is the voice of the man who laughed at her as shots were fired.
	www.artsmart.co.za /drama/archive/1429.html (556 words)

	Mda, Zakes: The Heart of Redness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		If the people would slaughter all of their cattle and burn all of their crops, the spirits of their ancestors would rise and drive their oppressors (the English colonizers) into the sea.
		Believers claim that the prophecies of Nongqawuse would have come true, if only all of the Xhosa people had destroyed their farms and cattle.
		One of the most interesting features of the book is the valence given to Nongqawuse and her Believers.
	endeavor.med.nyu.edu /lit-med/lit-med-db/webdocs/webdescrips/mda12142-des-.html (550 words)

	Sunday Times - lifestyle - 25 Mar 2001 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		In it Zakes deftly shifts between contemporary life and the mid-19th century when, in the Eastern Cape village of Qolorha, a girl called Nongqawuse split the amaXhosa nation into believers and unbelievers by prophesying that the dead would arise if the people slaughtered all their cattle.
		Unlike his other novels, Ways of Dying and She Plays with the Darkness, which wrote themselves in three months, the gestation period for Heart of Redness was longer.
		Zakes had a vague idea of the Nongqawuse story from his childhood when it was seen as a shameful period in Xhosa history.
	www.suntimes.co.za /2001/03/25/lifestyle/life02.htm (2100 words)

	GRADE 4:TRADITIONAL LEADERS
		The prophecies of Nongqawuse, a teenage Xhosa girl, touched off a fatal response.
		On the banks of the Gxara River, she had visions of beautiful people who told her the dead would return with fat cattle.
		Those who believed and obeyed her instructions were known as amathamba (the compliant ones) and those who rejected them were called amagogotya (the stingy ones).
	home.intekom.com /southafricanhistoryonline/pages/classroom/pages/projects/grade4/lesson1/08-cattle.htm (458 words)

	History in Stitches (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		History tells that in the mid nineteenth century, a young girl, Nongqawuse, and her cousin saw a vision.
		They said their ancestors told the Xhosa people to kill their cattle and plant no crops and await a new healthy herd that would arise from the sea, and the ancestors would return to save their people.
		From the Xhosa people came the nation’s greatest leader, Nelson Mandela, and pride and esteem is been restored to the people.
	www.artworksforafrica.com /history_in_stitches.htm (542 words)

	entertainment.iafrica.com \| books \| fiction Masterful Mda Weaves Magic Once Again
		Moving between the worlds of contemporary characters and their nineteenth-century ancestors, "The Heart of Redness" is a seamless weave of fascinating history, powerful myth, and faithful depiction of people and place.
		It is centered on the prophecy of Nongqawuse, a young Xhosa girl, burdened with an ancestral message, and illustrates how our past continues to infiltrate our present in strange and often uncomfortable ways.
		In the mid-nineteenth century, in the Eastern Cape village of Qolorha, Nongqawuse brought this message from the ancestors to the amaXhosa people.
	entertainment.iafrica.com /books/fiction/144865.htm (522 words)

	A R T T H R O B _ L I S T I N G S _ K W A Z U L U - N A T A L
		The exhibition, whose full title is 'The prophecy of the Cattle Killing of 1856/ 7 known as the Ibali lika Nongqawuse', consists of large-scale oil paintings in the tradition of history painting.
		Nhlangwini tells the story of Nongqawuse, the Xhosa visionary who prophesised that the Xhosa would be liberated from the English colonial onslaught if they slaughtered all their cattle.
		Because there are many versions of what Nongqawuse may or may not have told her people, Nhlangwini describes his work as "intended to communicate a mood that reflects interference".
	www.artthrob.co.za /04apr/listings_kzn.html (773 words)

	H-Net Review: Peter Midgley on South Africa
		Nothing is mentioned of Nongqawuse, whose prophecy led to this disastrous event.
		In April 1856, an adolescent girl, Nongqawuse, was reputedly visited by the spirits of the ancestors who told her that if the people slaughtered their cattle and did not cultivate any crops, the dead would arise and assist them in battle against the settlers.
		The eagerly awaited insurrection did not occur on 11 August, 1856 as prophesied, and the British troops used the subsequent famine to plunder the remainder of the herds and to overcome a weakened Xhosa army.[1] Thus the power of the mighty Xhosa nation was broken.
	www.h-net.msu.edu /reviews/showrev.cgi?path=15989967496059 (1070 words)

	Community Arts Project - History (The Middle Years)
		The Story of Nongqawuse and the cattle killings is one of the unhealed wounds of xhosa history.
		Physical theatre, images, song and dance are used to weave a light, hip contempory storyline into the shadows that Nongqawuse left behind.
		Created by learners from Community Arts Project with Tamara Guhrs, Nhlanhla Mavundla and Rob Murray as contributing artists, this is a magical piece of theatre that brings lightness and play back into the sore spaces of history.
	www.museums.org.za /cap/events/index2.html (318 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)