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Topic: Nonlocal

	Nonlocality - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Nonlocality does not necessarily imply a lack of causality.
		For instance, Newtonian gravitation is nonlocal because it involves action at a distance but Newtonian mechanics is certainly causal.
		Effects that appear nonlocal, but actually obey locality, appear in quantum mechanics.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nonlocal (138 words)

	[No title]
		Nonlocal checks (checks payable by banks located in different check processing regions than the depositary bank) generally must be made available for withdrawal within five business days.
		Specifically, the Board considered a self-certification system under which the general nonlocal check availability schedule would be reduced to four business days, and depositary banks could conduct their own surveys, if they believed it would be cost-effective to do so, to determine the subcategories of nonlocal checks that would be subject to five-day availability schedules.
		Subcategories of Nonlocal Checks After reviewing the comments on the difficulties of implementing differing availability schedules for subcategories of nonlocal checks, the Board has determined that the costs and difficulties of establishing such subcategories, in addition to those already specified in appendix B of Regulation CC, would outweigh the likely benefits.
	www.occ.treas.gov /ftp/regs/99-32a.txt (4930 words)

	books about: nonlocal (homeopathically nanostructures consciousness) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In the first part, we study a nonlocal evolution equation which describes the seed dispersal of single species and prove the existence, uniqueness and stability of positive steady state solution to this equation.
		Nonlocal continuum field theories are concerned with material bodies whose behavior at any interior point depends on the state of all other points in the body -- rather than only on an effective field resulting from these points -- in addition to its own state and the state of some calculable external field.
		Nonlocal field theory extends classical field theory by describing the responses of points within the medium by functionals rather than...
	www.very-clever.com /books/nonlocal (1367 words)

	Plasma Physics Research Team - Nonlocal kinetics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The aim of nonlocal kinetics is the solution of the Boltzmann equation when the EDF gradients can not be neglected.
		It is necessary to use nonlocal kinetics for the description of a glow discharge at low pressure.
		For instance, the formation of the negative glow and Faraday dark space near the cathode is caused exclusively by kinetic effects [2].
	optics.phys.spbu.ru /~golub/english/kinetics.html (1016 words)

	Gauge invariant coupling of nonlocal systems to electromagnetic fields
		Nonlocal pseudopotentials are a key ingredient of many ab initio electronic structure calculations as they eliminate the largely inert and thus physically unimportant core electrons.
		In order to ascertain the importance of treating the nonlocality correctly, we present two examples where the use of the correct nonlocal coupling is important for reliable calculation of response functions.
		Furthermore, our examples show that treating the nonlocality is indeed important for being able to have accurate and consistent values of the response when trying to compare to experimental results so as to understand what the experimental and theoretical results imply about the structure, behavior, and response of materials.
	www.phys.washington.edu /users/jjr/Cmsn/highlight3.html (616 words)

	[No title]
		This modification would shorten the availability schedule for nonlocal checks from five to four business days except that a depositary bank could retain a five-day schedule for categories of nonlocal checks for which it certifies that it does not receive a sufficient proportion of returned checks within four business days.
		Shortening the Nonlocal Check Availability Schedule The Board is currently considering whether the check clearing system has improved sufficiently to warrant amending Regulation CC to require that funds deposited by nonlocal checks be made available earlier than now provided.
		This safe-harbor extension would be added to the four- day nonlocal check schedule or to the five-day schedule for those categories of nonlocal checks that a bank certifies are eligible for the longer hold.
	www.occ.treas.gov /ftp/regs/99-6a.txt (2759 words)

	[No title]
		Directory assistance service is considered "nonlocal" whenever a customer requests the telephone number of a subscriber located outside his or her home LATA or area code.
		Because the telephone numbers available through U S WEST's nonlocal directory assistance service are national in scope and, in most cases, obtained for the purpose of completing a long distance, rather than local, telephone call, we do not find that the service falls within the scope of the official services exception.
		Because nonlocal directory assistance service is an adjunct-to- basic service, we find that the restrictions enunciated by the Commission in the N11 Order on the provision of enhanced services via the 411 dialing code are not applicable to the provision of nonlocal directory assistance service by any telecommunications carrier.
	www.fcc.gov /Bureaus/Common_Carrier/Orders/1999/fcc99133.txt (12102 words)

	Grey Lodge Occult Review :: Issue #14 :: Limitless Mind ::
		In a vivid example of nonlocality, studies of identical twins who were separated at birth and reared apart show that the twins share striking similarities in their tastes, interests, spouses, experiences, and professions, beyond what one could reasonably ascribe to their common DNA.
		In contemporary physics, we call this ability to focus attention on distant points in space-time "nonlocal awareness." Data from the past twenty-five years have shown that a remote viewer can answer any question about events anywhere in the past, present, or future, and be correct more than two-thirds of the time.
		This ability to nonlocally access information that is blocked from ordinary perception can be described as the result of an apparent zero-separation between the viewer and the target.
	www.greylodge.org /occultreview/glor_014/targ.htm (5747 words)

	Nonlocal Exits (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A nonlocal exit is a transfer of control from one point in a program to another remote point.
		Nonlocal exits can occur in Emacs Lisp as a result of errors; you can also use them under explicit control.
		Nonlocal exits unbind all variable bindings made by the constructs being exited.
	www.cse.unsw.edu.au /help/doc/info/elisp/Nonlocal_Exits.html (82 words)

	Nonlocal elliptic and parabolic problems
		We show how to formulate them as nonlocal parabolic boundary value problems involving measures in space and time depending nonlinearly on the solution, and how the abstract theory guarantees their well-posedness.
		Abstract: A nonlocal model of phase separation in multicomponent alloys is presented.
		Abstract: A nonlocal elliptic BVP with nonlinearity given by Fermi function is examined herein.
	www.math.uni.wroc.pl /hyke/nonlocal.html (1738 words)

	AT September 1997--Dossey's Editorial (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The hypothesis that nonlocal connections are absolutely instantaneous is impossible to verify, because this would require two perfectly simultaneous measurements, which would entail an infinite degree of accuracy.
		In nonlocal healing, for example, the strength of the effect is as robust when initiated from the other side of the earth as at the bedside.
		But in addition to these local, energy-mediated influences, healers also employ consciousness nonlocally in the form of healing intentions, images, wishes, or prayers—which, as we’ve seen, are apparently not associated with the transfer of energy.
	twm.co.nz /dossey1.html (3800 words)

	[No title]
		We, therefore, find that the Petitioners' nonlocal directory assistance services are configured in the same manner as the regionwide component of the nonlocal directory assistance services the Commission considered in the U S WEST NDA Forbearance Order.
		We allow the Petitioners to provide nonlocal directory assistance service on an integrated basis, but require them to provide to unaffiliated entities all of the in-region directory listing information they use to provide nonlocal directory assistance service at the same rates, terms, and conditions they impute to themselves.
		We conclude that the market for nonlocal directory assistance service should become increasingly competitive if the Petitioners are allowed to remain effective competitors in the market for nonlocal directory assistance service, which would ultimately benefit consumers because they would be able to obtain a convenient, competitively priced service.
	www.fcc.gov /ftp/Bureaus/Common_Carrier/Orders/2000/da000514.txt (2059 words)

	Bell's theorem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In 1964 John showed that the world according to quantum mechanics really is nonlocal.
		The universe is 'nonlocal at the level of individual events' (even though the locally observable aggregates of the universe predicted by quantum mechanics do not bear any traceable nonlocal signature).
		Because of issues associated with relativity, such as the relativity of simultaneity, nonlocality is problematic - some people prefer to avoid this conclusion and so try to interpret violations of the Bell inequality as implying something else...
	www.nonlocal.com /hbar/bell.html (247 words)

	Nonlocal Damage Theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In a previous continuum formulation, these incorrect features were overcome by the imbricate nonlocal continuum, which, however, introduced some unnecessary computational complications due to the fact that all response was treated as nonlocal.
		The key idea of the present nonlocal damage theory is to subject to nonlocal treatment only those variables that control strain softening, and to treat the elastic part of the strain as local.
		The continuum damage mechanics formulation, convenient for separating the nonlocal treatment of damage from the local treatment of elastic behavior, is adopted in the present work.
	www.pubs.asce.org /WWWdisplay.cgi?8703848 (274 words)

	Citebase - Nonlocal Electrodynamics of Rotating Systems
		The nonlocal theory of accelerated observers is briefly descri...
		We discuss two nonlocal models of electrodynamics in which the nonlocality is induced by the acceleration of the observer.
		The characteristics of the memory of accelerated motion in Minkowski spacetime are discussed within the framework of the nonlocal theory of accelerated observers.
	citebase.eprints.org /cgi-bin/citations?id=oai:arXiv.org:hep-th/0503205 (940 words)

	Local and Nonlocal Information Transfer Mechanisms
		Eberhard, in Nuovo Cimento 46B, 392 (1978), showed that if there were a nonlocal EPR connection between particles, that any signals which relied on correlations of these particles could not occur, because EPR correlations alone, do not make possible the transmission of signals of any kind, including superluminal signals.
		Thus, quantum nonlocality will not allow a signal to be transmitted faster than light, by means of the statistical measurements which are common to quantum theory in its conventional interpretation.
		Thus, it is possible that both local, and nonlocal, hidden variables are constantly influencing the behaviors of quantum systems.
	www.rialian.com /rnboyd/local-nonlocal-info-transfer-mechanisms.htm (692 words)

	Reality, Healing, Consciousness
		Yet, now physics says there is a nonlocal more to the matter-work of cosmos, and that domain is somehow related to the existence of consciousness.
		Further, it is nonlocal in that the reality extends beyond the individual, consistently following patterns evident throughout the recorded history of dream and myth.
		A synchronicity seems to suggest that a nonlocal psychological reality either communicates with or is indentical to the nonlocal reality known in physics.
	members.aol.com /projbin/reflreal.htm (4825 words)

	Green's Function for Nonlocal Potentials (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In this paper, we consider nonlocalities which arise from the many-body and fermionic nature of the nucleus.
		We investigate the effects of nonlocality in the nuclear potential by developing the Green's function for nonlocal potentials.
		The formal Green's function integral is solved analytically in two different limits of the wavelength as compared to the scale of nonlocality.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /342861.html (280 words)

	Nonlocal Mazars damage model for concrete
		The nonlocal variant of Mazars damage model for concrete.
		Model based on nonlocal averaging of equivalent strain.
		The nonlocal averaging acts as a powerful localization limiter.
	www.oofem.org /resources/doc/matlibmanual/node31.html (127 words)

	Journal of Vision - Spatial profiles of local and nonlocal effects upon contrast detection/discrimination from ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		With ring noise over both the signal and surround, the amplitudes of the classification images in the signal area decreased as radial distance increased from the signal/surround border, and no effect of the surround was found.
		The spatial extents of the nonlocal effects (< 0.07 deg) were smaller than local effects (0.25 deg), whereas the peak amplitudes of the local and nonlocal effects were comparable.
		These results suggest that the nonlocal effects were smaller than the local effects, and that the smaller effects would be due to smaller effective areas, as opposed to smaller amplitudes over the same area.
	journalofvision.org /5/1/5 (354 words)

	DAMOCLES: Numerical algorithms -- Band structure and scattering rates
		A transition to the nonlocal band structure will occur as necessity requires it: High-energy optical processes in Si, for example, can be better investigated with more accurate splittings at the symmetry points that nonlocal pseudopotentials provide.
		This is one of the reasons why the conduction bands using nonlocal pseudopotential are being recalculated and implemented in DAMOCLES (still in progress).
		While only the band-structure information of in the 1/48 irreducible wedge of the first Brillouin Zone (BZ) is necessary, thanks to the 48-fold symmetry of the BZ, for programming simplicity and speed of execution, band-structure and carrier-phonon scattering rates are tabulated in the first octant.
	www.research.ibm.com /DAMOCLES/html_files/numerics.html (2537 words)

	Nonlocal Condensates in QCD (ResearchIndex) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Abstract: In the presence of the nontrivial QCD ground state or vacuum, nonlocal condensates are used to characterize the quark or gluon propagator, or other Green functions of higher order.
		In this paper, we wish to show that, by taking the large N c limit (with N c the number of color) in treating higher-order condensates, a closed set of coupled differential equations may be derived for nonlocal condensates.
		As a specific example, the leadingorder equations for the nonlocal condensates appearing in...
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /172485.html (230 words)

	Travel times of nonlocal dispersion and their geoelectric approximation in Nevada’s fractured welded tuffs
		They show that nonlocal travel times are significantly faster than their local (Fickian) counterpart and that nonlocal breakthrough occurs significantly earlier than Fickian.
		As an illustrative example, nonlocal breakthrough curves for Nevada’s fractured welded tuffs, a common rock unit found at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Yucca Mountain Project, are approximated using the electrical-hydraulic conductivity correlation theory and measurements of Purvance and Andricevic [2000a, 2000b].
		At the 5 km compliance point the approximation shows that nonlocal contaminant breakthrough occurs ∼5 times earlier than what is predicted by the Department of Energy’s Fickian model.
	www.agu.org /pubs/crossref/2001/2001WR000491.shtml (220 words)

	ScienceDirect - International Journal of Engineering Science : A new framework in nonlocal mechanics
		A new theoretical framework in nonlocal mechanics is defined, based on the concept of influence functions between material points within the continuum.
		The general framework developed is exemplified by the description of damage as a scalar internal variable: the local damage rate at a given point can be expressed as a path integral involving the influence functions and the values of the local rate of damage transported along each path.
		The strength of the nonlocal interaction is further incorporated into the space geometry, so that a metric characteristic of a Riemanian space is coupled to the internal variable distribution.
	dx.doi.org /10.1016/S0020-7225(99)00030-0 (302 words)

	ScienceDirect - European Journal of Mechanics - A/Solids : A reappraisal of nonlocal mechanics
		A new approach to nonlocal damage coupled to nonlocal plasticity within a small strain formalism will be discussed.
		Elasticity remains local and the nonlocal framework is set up by the definition of the free energy function, which depends on nonlocal measures of damage and plasticity.
		In the second part of the paper, the modelling of interfacial damage is considered and a material surface model for a thin adhesive undergoing nonlocal damage coupled to nonlocal plasticity is derived.
	dx.doi.org /doi:10.1016/S0997-7538(99)80002-3 (252 words)

	Nonlocal Automated Sensitivity Analysis (Leigh Tesfatsion)
		For equilibrium and optimal growth studies, it is often important to be able to determine the stability and definiteness properties of parameterized Jacobian matrices.
		The complete differential system developed in Kalaba and Tesfatsion (1980) for the nonlocal sensitivity analysis of general nonlinear systems turns out to be useful, as well, for the sensitivity study of parameterized matrices and their associated systems of eigenvalues and eigenvectors.
		The NASA (Nonlocal Automated Sensitivity Analysis) Program (html,99K) is a Fortran program that incorporates automated procedures for tracking the solution branches x(b) for nonlinear parameterized systems H(x,b)=0 along user-designated paths for the parameter vector b; see the articles in the previous section.
	www.econ.iastate.edu /tesfatsi/nasahome.htm (2740 words)

	Nonlocal Polarizability Densities and Their Relationships
		The response point shall be defined as the that point in the molecule that is responding to the perturbation at the field.
		Thus the polarizability density is the quantity that determines the nonlocal response at the response point due to the perturbation applied at the source point.
		I'm now moving on to attempt to construct a nonlocal magnetizability theory that hopefully will give more physical insight into molecular magnetic properties such as chemical shift tensors and spin-spin coupling tensors.
	www.cem.msu.edu /~tisko/research.html (754 words)

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