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	Nooksack (tribe) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Nooksack is a Native American tribe in western Washington state in the United States.
		The tribe lives in the mainland northwest corner of the state near the small town of Deming, Washington (in western Whatcom County), and has 1341 enrolled members.
		The tribe initially had a one acre (4,000 m²) reservation that was established in 1971 after they received federal recognition status from the United States government.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nooksack_(tribe) (251 words)

	Neighborhood brings new homes, new careers : ICT [2004/03/03]
		The Nooksack Indian tribe is headquartered 17 miles east of Bellingham near the town of Deming.
		The tribe was recognized in 1973 and has a total enrollment of 1,658 and a total land base of 284.53 acres - almost six people per acre.
		Nooksack celebrated the grand opening of the town houses on Feb. 6, followed by tours of the units and a reception at the Nooksack Community Center.
	www.indiancountry.com /content.cfm?id=1078348171 (592 words)

	Bellingham Whatcom County Tourism
		The tribe is believed to be named for noot-sa-ack, the bracken ferns that were a dietary staple.
		The Nooksacks also grew sbugmack (wild carrots) and were the first Indians in the region to cultivate white potatoes, which they had obtained from Hudson Bay Company trappers in British Columbia.
		Their primary trade partners were the Sumas, Chilliwack and Matsqua tribes in B.C. To a lesser extent, they traded with coastal Lummis and Semiahmoos, and the Skagit Valley tribes.
	www.bellingham.org /baker/nooksack.asp (262 words)

	Nooksack dam may be closer to removal - Locke might budget funds to build fish-friendly system to divert water to lake.
		Nooksack dam may be closer to removal - Locke might budget funds to build fish-friendly system to divert water to lake.
		The city, state Department of Fish and Wildlife, Lummi Nation and the Nooksack Tribe have worked for several years to come up with a design for a fish ladder that would allow salmon to wiggle and jump their way up the rock and concrete falls at the dam built by the city in 1962.
		Local tribes have already begun releasing hatchery-raised chinook salmon above the diversion dam to help acclimate the fish to the water and encourage the fish to make their way back into the middle fork when they return to spawn.
	www.citizenreviewonline.org /dec_2003/nooksack.htm (628 words)

	Nooksack Indian Tribe
		In either case, the Nooksack are a Native American tribe in Whatcom County in the northwest corner of Washington State.
		The Nooksack language, which belonged to the Salishan family of languages, was predominant in much of the upper Fraser River Valley in British Columbia.** They spoke the same dialect as the Squawmish from whom, it is believed, they parted ways.
		At the turn of the 20th century, Nooksack and other native children were taken from their homes by Bureau of Indian Affairs officials to attend boarding schools, in order to assimilate them into the wider society.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h1562.html (1056 words)

	[No title]
		The State will refund to the Tribe on a minimum of a monthly basis the tax attributable to such cigarettes, provided that the invoices from the wholesaler to the tribal retailer indicate that the cigarette tax was passed on to the tribal retailer.
		The State will refund to the Tribe on a monthly basis the tax attributable to such cigarettes, provided that the invoices from the wholesaler to the tribal retailer indicate that the cigarette tax was passed on to the tribal retailer.
		The Tribe is responsible for the enforcement of this provision.
	www.goia.wa.gov /Compacts/Cigarette/NooksackMarch12Signed.doc (5293 words)

	135F3d618
		The court's conclusions substantially reflect the position of the Tribes and of the United States, which the court found to be "overwhelmingly" supported by the historical evidence of the intent of the signatory parties to the Treaties.
		They contend that the Tribes' "usual and accustomed" fishing grounds for shellfish are not coextensive with the usual and accustomed grounds for the taking of other fish, the boundaries of which were determined in Washington I. They suggest that the Tribes must establish their usual and accus- tomed grounds for each species of fish.
		The Tribes are entitled to harvest shellfish on privately-owned tidelands.
	www.msaj.com /cases/135F3d618.htm (13404 words)

	Shared Strategy for Puget Sound
		The Nooksack is also home to local populations of threatened bull trout, Coho, fall chum and odd-year pink salmon, summer and winter steelhead, coastal cutthroat and Dolly Varden.
		WRIA 1 encompasses the Nooksack River and its tributaries in Whatcom and Skagit Counties, streams originating in Whatcom County that flow north to the Fraser River, streams that originate in Canada and flow south into Whatcom County, and numerous independent streams that flow westward into the marine waters of Whatcom County.
		The rapids on the Nooksack begin in the upper river as the river attempts to negotiate a narrow, twisting and steep gorge choked with huge boulders.
	www.sharedsalmonstrategy.org /watersheds/watershed-nooksack.htm (1181 words)

	Natural Resource
		As one of the tribal co-managers of the fisheries resource in the State of Washington, the Nooksack Tribe is a voice for sound harvest management.
		The tribe is also one of the participants in Pacific Salmon Treaty negotiations, which brings Nooksack Natural Resources into the international arena of fisheries.
		The tribe has also expanded its management efforts to emerging fisheries like sea cucumber and sea urchin, in addition to mainstays such as salmon, crab and shrimp.
	www.nooksack-tribe.org /Natural_Resource.htm (355 words)

	Governors Office of Indian Affairs
		The Nooksack people were not able to attend the Point Elliott Treaty Council on January 22, 1855 because of bad weather.
		The Nooksack were a party in the suit Duwamish vs. U.S. in 1934 in which they sought payment for lands taken by the government.
		The Nooksack weren't officially part of the Point Elliott Treaty, which meant they weren't recognized as having original title to the lands involved.
	www.goia.wa.gov /Tribal-Information/Tribes/nooksack.htm (119 words)

	[No title]
		The lands ceded to the United States by the Nooksack Tribe under the provisions of the Treaty of Point Elliott,1 which is the treaty involved here, are bordered on the east by the summit of the Cascade range.
		The scope of a tribe's off-reservation hunting rights is generally found in an Indian tribe's aboriginal use of or title to land and its reservation of the right in a treaty, or by agreement, executive order or statute.
		See also Reynolds, supra, at 752 (because the tribes could have reserved their aboriginal hunting and fishing rights only on lands which they actually hunted and fished at the time of the treaty, the primary inquiry must determine whether the area allegedly protected by the treaty formed part of the tribe's aboriginal territory).
	www.tvw.org /modules/opinions/660549_o.htm (5723 words)

	Canku Ota - February 23, 2002 - Nooksack program revives a nearly extinct language
		Stormy weather had kept the Nooksacks from signing the Treaty of Point Elliott in January, 1855; because of that, the tribe was left without land and ordered to move to the Lummi Reservation.
		She is an enrolled member in both the Stolo Nation and the Nooksack Tribe.
		It's a problem for tribes around the country that are trying to recover native languages, after nearly a century of efforts by American boarding schools to destroy them.
	www.turtletrack.org /Issues02/Co02232002/CO_02232002_Nooksack.htm (1672 words)

	uwnews.org \| University of Washington News and Information
		Bill Colman, a member of the tribal council for the Nooksack Indian Tribe, speaks at the repatriation of the granite sculpture T'xwelátse, seen in the foreground wrapped in a cedar bark cape.
		According to tribal lore, T'xwelátse was turned to stone by the tribe's great Transformer being and the man's wife was told the stone should be placed in front of their house as a reminder that people have to learn to live together in a good way.
		Eventually the Nooksack, who are culturally affiliated with the Chilliwack, became involved in the process and formally requested the return of T'xwelátse in 2005.
	uwnews.washington.edu /ni/uweek/uweekarticle.asp?articleID=27333 (631 words)

	Filipino clan stealing tribe's identity, elders say (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		DEMING -- The Nooksacks have seen rich tribal lands that once spanned thousands of acres -- from the Canadian border to Mount Baker and beyond -- shrink to a 50-acre reservation.
		Rozelda Roberts and Donna Roberts examine the 1942 census of the Nooksack tribe for an ancestor of the Rabang family.
		Cunanan said his grandmother, Elizabeth Eugenio, gained admission to the tribe in the 1980s because "she was a full-blooded Indian and a Nooksack Indian.
	seattlepi.nwsource.com /local/nook11.shtml (2112 words)

	homepage
		About Us The Nooksack Indian Tribe is located 17 miles east of Bellingham in the small town of Deming, WA.
		Its land base is estimated to be about 444.53, and its enrollment is 1800+.
		The Tribes governing body consists of 8 elected officials.
	www.nooksack-tribe.org (65 words)

	NWIFC \| NWIFC News Releases: Nooksack Tribe awarded Salmon Recovery Fund grant for habitat restoration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		DEMING (December 7, 2006) – The Nooksack Tribe has been awarded $617,500 from the state Salmon Recovery Funding Board for the construction of four engineered logjams in the lower South Fork Nooksack River, near the mouth of Todd Creek.
		Last summer the Nooksack Tribe constructed six logjams and relocated a levee near the mouth of Hutchinson Creek, to provide refuge and lower temperatures for salmon.
		The logjams withstood the recent flooding on the Nooksack River.
	blogs.nwifc.org /weblog/general/2006/12/nooksack_tribe_3.html (273 words)

	Whatcom Salmon Recovery
		The Boldt decision also established a strategy under which the fish harvest is managed in common between the tribes and the state of Washington, and in which the harvest is allocated half to the treaty Indian tribes and half to the state.
		Nooksack Tribe is one of the salmon co-managers.
		The tribe has several on-going assessments and is working with other restoration partners to use this information to guide where and what kind of habitat projects should be done.
	whatcomsalmon.wsu.edu /action-partners.html (1256 words)

	American Indian and Cultural and Natural Resource Management #&149; The Law and Practice Regarding Federal Lands
		The land ceded to the United States by the Nooksack Tribe under the Provision of the Treaty of Point Elliott, which is the treaty involved here, are bordered on the east by the summit of the Cascade range.
		In response to a strong desire on the part of tribes to retain access to these area, treaties with the Northwest Indians provided for"the privilege of huntingon open and unclaimed lands(.)" In essence, these treaty provision preserved a portion of the aboriginal rights exercised by the signatory tribes.
		Under such an analysis, open and unclaimed lands within the aboriginal hunting rounds of the Nooksack Tribe are reserved under the treaty for hunting by tribal members, so long as the lands remain open and unclaimed.
	www.hanford.gov /indian/pevar2001-indianlaw-oct99.html (5179 words)

	Nooksack Tribe announces
		It will require the conversion of approximately 85 acres of land currently owned by our Tribe to trust status, a process that is currently underway.
		We are working closely with the county to address issues related to the transfer of lands presently subject to local taxation and jurisdiction.
		The Nooksack development adds value to the region and complements the natural beauty of our lands.
	www.pechanga.net /documents/nooksack_tribe_announces.htm (669 words)

	COB ) Our Environment ) Middle Fork Nooksack (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		The Nooksack River Watershed is located in northwestern Washington, spans parts of Whatcom and Skagit counties and reaches northward into British Columbia.
		In 2000, Lummi Nation and the Nooksack Tribe approached the City with an offer to work jointly to provide fish passage for anadromous species at the Middle Fork diversion dam.
		The City, tribes and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife formed a project team and from 2001 through 2005, they conducted feasibility studies on two fish passage options: a fish ladder, and an alternative intake structure.
	www.cob.org /pw/environment/nmf/index.htm (485 words)

	Nooksack Language (Nootsack, Nooksak, Åecesem)
		Nooksack was a Salishan language of Washington state.
		Though Nooksack people live on many of the Washington reservations, the language is not spoken there anymore-- the last fluent Nooksack speakers died in the 1970's.
		However, there are Nooksack elders who remember something of the language and some people are working now to revive their ancestral language again.
	www.native-languages.org /nooksack.htm (151 words)

	AsianWeek.com: National News: Filipino-Indian Family On Trial (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-05)
		By Luis Cabrera/AP The tiny Nooksack Tribe, after fighting the government for more than a century to reclaim land taken away in the 1860s, is under siege again—at least, according to some members.
		Roberts said that when she was on the Tribal Council in 1996, an enrollment audit intended to prove the Rabangs were not Nooksacks was dropped when more than 100 angry Rabangs confronted the council.
		The government forced the Nooksack off their land in the 1860s and sent them to live with another tribe.
	www.asianweek.com /2000_08_17/news5_filipinoindian.html (735 words)

	Medicine man is heading home to B.C.
		The tribes had to document that the sculpture had historical and traditional importance to the culture itself, wasn't just an object owned by an individual and wasn't abandoned by the community.
		Tribal members consider the sculpture to be a living force and an important member of their communities; at the Burke, it was a static museum object.
		For the past two years, she and other museum workers -- at the request of the tribe -- placed a white muslin sheet over the sculpture at the end of every day, removing it each morning.
	seattlepi.nwsource.com /local/287467_nooksack04.html (1046 words)

	NOOKSACK RIVER: City of Bellingham is comparing economic, ecological costs of updating dam to new intake pipe
		NOOKSACK RIVER: City of Bellingham is comparing economic, ecological costs of updating dam to new intake pipe
		For 40 years, the dam has dumped water from the Nooksack into a 9-mile pipeline that empties into Lake Whatcom, the drinking-water reservoir that serves more than 85,000 residents.
		Several agencies are working on the idea, including the state Department of Fish and Wildlife, Nooksack Tribe, Lummi Nation and the city of Bellingham.
	www.citizenreviewonline.org /may_2003/nooksack.htm (445 words)

	People's Weekly World - American Indians pull with pride in Elwha
		Among the newest entrants were the Nooksack tribe north of Bellingham.
		The tribe was forced in the 1930s to leave their ancestral village site where Port Angeles now stands, as well as a site at the base of Ediz Hook across the bay.
		It touched off an outcry from the tribe that their most sacred burial ground was being destroyed, a protest so strong that the state was forced to suspend construction on the 22-acre site near the old Crown Zellerbach paper mill.
	www.pww.org /article/articleprint/7585 (1654 words)

	Lummi Tribe burns drug dealer's house : ICT [2005/12/21]
		AP Photo/Bellingham Herald, Philip A. Dwyer -- Nooksack Tribe elder Dorothy Charles (left) was comforted by her grandson, Jasper Charles, while they watched a former drug house burn to the ground on the Lummi reservation northwest of Bellingham, Wash., on Dec. 1.
		Painted with red ochre for spiritual protection, Dorothy Charles, a spiritual leader of the neighboring Nooksack Tribe, led family members in setting the house afire.
		Now the tribe is returning to ancestral teachings - and the cleansing properties of fire.
	www.indiancountry.com /content.cfm?id=1096412107 (588 words)

	INDIAN AFFAIRS: LAWS AND TREATIES. Vol. 6, Laws
		Sums payable to enrollees or their heirs or legatees who are less than twenty-one years of age or who are under a legal disability shall be paid to the persons whom the Secretary determines will best protect their interests.
		Proportional shares of heirs or legatees amounting to $5 of less shall not be distributed and shall remain to the credit of the Nooksack Tribe.
		Any sum of money remaining to the credit of the Nooksack Tribe as a result of this judgment, three years after the date of this Act, shall escheat to the United States and shall be deposited in the Treasury of the United States in miscellaneous receipts.
	digital.library.okstate.edu /Kappler/Vol6/html_files/v6p1069.html (310 words)

	Fall 2000 WTO - Coming Full Circle
		The Nooksack Recovery Team, (NRT) formed in 1994, often serves as a catalyst for many of the recovery efforts in Whatcom County and the Nooksack River watershed.
		The Nooksack tribe had a part in the restoration efforts at Boyd Creek.
		Their main concern at the moment, Kelly said, is collecting DNA samples and documenting spawning ar-eas to fill some of the data gaps in the Nooksack Basin.
	planet.wwu.edu /oldsite/fall00/fall00_coming.htm (1246 words)

	Whatcom Watch, February 1999
		The tribes in Water Resource Inventory Area 1, the Lummi Nation and the Nooksack Tribe, have taken a leadership role in this project, with a commitment to cooperation and collaboration.
		The volcano was known by Nooksack Indians as Koma Kulshan, meaning “white, steep mountain,” and by Lummis as Kulshan or “shot at the point,” referring to a its shattered, once-conical peak.
		In this instance each culvert project included replacing the existing drainage pipe with one large enough to allow debris flows to pass, reinforcing the roadbed around the roadbed to prevent debris flows from washing the roadbed out, and a catch basin abutting the upside of the drainage pipe to catch part of the debris flow.
	www.whatcomwatch.org /old_issues/v8i2.html (12108 words)

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