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Topic: Norddeutscher Bund

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	Definition of North German Confederation - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The North German Confederation (German Norddeutscher Bund), a transitional grouping which existed (1867 - 1871) between the dissolution of the German Confederation and the founding of the German Empire, cemented Prussian control over the 22 states of Northern Germany and emanated that same control (via the Zollverein) into southern Germany.
		One of the functions of the Confederation was to handle the mail and issue postage stamps, upon which it commenced 1 January 1868.
		To accommodate the different monetary systems, it issued a series valued in groschen for the Northern District, and another using kreuzer for the Southern District, distinguishing them by framing the value number in a circle for the groschen stamps, and in an oval for the kreuzers.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/North_German_Confederation (368 words)

	North German Confederation - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The North German Confederation (in German, Norddeutscher Bund), came into existence in 1867, following the dissolution of the German Confederation.
		One of the functions of the Confederation was to handle the mail and issue postage stamps, which it began doing on 1 January 1868.
		To accommodate the different monetary systems in use by the various states, it issued a series valued in groschen for the Northern District, and another using kreuzer for the Southern District, distinguishing them by framing the value number in a circle for the groschen stamps, and in an oval for the kreuzers.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/North_German_Confederation (346 words)

	Elections in Germany - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		On 18 March 1990 the first and only free elections in the history of the GDR were held, producing a government whose major mandate was to negotiate an end to itself and its state.
		From the unification of Germany under Emperor Wilhelm I in 1871 to the Nazi accession to power and the abolishment of elections following the Enabling Act of 1933, elections were held to the German Reichstag or "Imperial Assembly", which supplanted its namesake, the Reichstag of the Norddeutscher Bund.
		The Reichstag could be dissolved by the Kaiser, and after the abdication of Wilhelm II in 1918 by the Reichspräsident.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Elections_in_Germany (592 words)

	North German Confederation 1867-1871 (Germany) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Prussia then created the North German League (Norddeutscher Bund), complete with Wilhelm I of Prussia as head of state and a North German Reichstag in Berlin.
		The schwarz-weiß-rot (fl-white-red) flag was adopted by the North-German Union [Norddeutscher Bund] in 1867, as a combination of the fl-white of Prussia and the red-white of the Hanseatic League.
		This flag was called Bundespostflagge when it was used by the Norddeutsche Bundespost (until 1871); since the foundation of the Empire in 1871 it was called Reichspostflagge.
	www.flagspot.com /flags/de1867.html (925 words)

	Smith, Vera, The Rationale of Central Banking, Chapter 6: Library of Economics and Liberty
		A reform of the law relating to joint stock companies freed them from the obligation to obtain authoritative concession, and this at last opened the way to the establishment of non-note-issuing banks, which was all that the free-banking party now demanded.
		The final impulse to the adoption of central banking was given to Germany's experiences in the first years of her operation of the gold standard.
		At the formation of the Reich in 1871 the laws of the Norddeutscher Bund were extended to the whole of German territory and a uniform currency was established for the first time; it was based on the gold standard, and the payment of the French indemnity provided an easy opportunity for accumulating the necessary reserves.
	www.econlib.org /library/LFBooks/SmithV/smvRCB6.html (3612 words)

	Conversation with Dieter Spethmann, p.3 of 4
		Again, you are a historian, you know that the supervisory board under German law was created in 1867 by the Norddeutscher Bund.
		So the overwhelming figure in 1867 when the Norddeutscher Bund took the vote on das Aktienrecht, [the law governing] the corporation, the overwhelming number of all workers in Germany were agricultural.
		So they had the idea that the shareholders should form a committee, and this committee should be the supervisory board, and the supervisory board should do everything else.
	globetrotter.berkeley.edu /people2/Spethmann/spethmann-con3.html (3129 words)

	iqexpand.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		This page is part of Â© FOTW Flags Of The World website German Confederation 1815-1866 (Germany) Deutscher Bund, flag used only 1848-1866 Last modified: 2005-11-05 by santiago dotor Keywords: germany
		This page is part of Â© FOTW Flags Of The World website North German Confederation 1867-1871 (Germany) Norddeutscher Bund Last modified: 2005-09-10 by santiago dotor Keywords: germany
		the surviving member states of defunct Holy Roman Empire joined to form the German Confederation (Deutscher Bund) â” a rather loose organisation, especially because the two great rivals, the Austrian...
	german_confederation.iqexpand.com (322 words)

	Imperial Reichsmark and history of Paper Money in Germany during the German Empire
		This loosely union was called "Deutscher Bund" - the German Confederation.
		In 1866 a war between these two states ended the confederation.
		It formed a new alliance - the North German confederation ("Norddeutscher Bund"), which it dominated.
	www.germannotes.com /hist_empire.shtml (885 words)

	German Genealogy: Lippe (-Detmold) - Chronology of Lippe -
		The Principality of Lippe becomes a member of the German Confederation (Deutscher Bund), created by the congress of Vienna under the leadership of Austria.
		The Principality Lippe becomes member of the North German Confederation (Norddeutscher Bund), that is under the leadership of Prussia.
		Union of the South German Confederation (Süddeutscher Bund) and North German Confederation (Norddeutscher Bund).
	www.genealogienetz.de /reg/NRHE-WFA/lippe_chrono.html (2523 words)

	Hans Engelbrecht's Homepage -... the cities of Lippe ...-
		In 1528, Lippe becomes a Grafschaft (county); in 1720 the Earls (Counts) of Lippe-Detmold were elevated to the status of Reichsfürst (Prince of Empire) and Lippe became a Principality within the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation.
		In 1815, the Principality becomes a member of the German Confederation (Deutscher Bund), in 1866 of the North German Confederation (Norddeutscher Bund).
		In 1895, the Lippe-Detmold line became extinct and the so-called fight of succession of Lippe begins that continues for 10 years.
	hans.engelbrecht.com /cities.htm (699 words)

	Decorations of the States of the German Empire
		The German Empire (Deutsches Reich) was founded in 1871 in the wake of the victory over France by the Prussians and their German allies (or satellites, if you will) in the North German Confederation (Norddeutscher Bund), and in southern Germany.
		The North German Confederation itself was a legacy of Prussia'a victory in 1866 over the Austrians in the Seven Weeks' War.
		The Congress of Vienna in 1815 formed a new confederation of these states, known as the German Confederation (Deutscher Bund).
	home.att.net /~david.danner/militaria/states.htm (686 words)

	Historical Setting, Sterility of Germany
		The King's party—the Conservative party of the Junkers, led by Bismarck—triumphed over the Prussian Progressive party that stood for parliamentary government, and likewise over the democratic groups of Southern Germany.
		In the new political setting, first of the Norddeutscher Bund and, after 1871, of the Deutsches Reich, there was no room left for the "alien" doctrines of Manchesterism and laissez faire.
		The victors of Königgrätz and Sedan thought they had nothing to learn from the "nation of shopkeepers"—the British—or from the defeated French.
	www.mises.org /hsofase/ch2sec2.asp (662 words)

	Bibliography: Corrections and comments on [zna99] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Germany: the picture shows the state flag, which was never used before 1919 (the legend reads "introduced 23 March 1848"; this refers to the simple triband).
		Germany: the tricolor of fl-red-gold was actually not replaced by fl-white-red in 1867 as flag of the German Federation (Deutscher Bund), but the newly created Norddeutscher Bund adopted the fl-white-red flag.
		Germany (Hesse): shown is the state flag, civil flag is without arms.
	fotw.vexillum.com /flags/b-zna99.html (2062 words)

	Reichstag - German parliament - Reichstag Fire and Trial in Leipzig 1933
		Only with the induction of the Immerwährender Reichstag in 1663 did the Reichstag permanently convene in a fixed location, the city of Regensburg.
		After the implosion of the Empire in 1806, the term was subsequently used for the Parliament of the 1849 Frankfurt constitution draft that never came into effect, the Parliament of the Norddeutscher Bund from 1867-1871 and finally that of the 1871 German Empire.
		In all three cases, it was a parliament elected by the people, albeit with varying degrees of power (the 1871 Empire was no democracy in any real sense).
	www.germannotes.com /hist_reichstag.shtml (2018 words)

	FPWar
		After the German war of 1866 Prussia was the leading force in Germany.
		In 1867 the northern states of Germany founded a confederation the so-called "Norddeutscher Bund" (i.e., federation of northern germany).
		The southern german states stood aside, but they had connected themselves to the new federation with several military alliances refering to a cause of war.
	www.hat.com /Othr/FPWar.html (2620 words)

	Bike Cult Book: Online Resource: Groups (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Bund Deutscher Radfahrer (BDF), 1884-, Frankfurt, governs IOC- and UCI-sanctioned racing in Germany.
		Formerly Deutscher Radfahrer-Bund (DRB), 1884-, Leipzig; Norddeutscher Velocipedisten-Bund, 1882-84, Hanover; Deutscher und Deutsch-Oesterreichischer Velocipedistan-Bund, 1882-, Munich.
		Germany (RFA) Bund Deutscher Radfahrer (BDF) 1884-, Frankfurt.
	www.bikecult.com /bikecultbook/groups_all.html (8242 words)

	Historical Setting, Political Aspects of the methodenstreit
		It demolished the shaky ideology of the authoritarian welfare state (landesfürstlicher Wohlfahrisstaat) that had guided the policies of the German principalities in the eighteenth century.
		The culmination points of its free trade period were the Zollverein's customs tariff of 1865 and the 1869 Trade Code (Gewerbeordnung) for the territory of the Norddeutscher Bund (later the Deutsches Reich).
		But very soon the government of Bismarck began to inaugurate its Sozialpolitik, the system of interventionist measures such as labor legislation, social security, pro-union attitudes, progressive taxation, protective tariffs, cartels, and dumping.
	www.mises.org /hsofase/ch2sec4.asp (1248 words)

	GeneaSeek - Your search results : BUND (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Barbara Buchmann Sarre, Saarland () Bund* Sarreguemines Burg Sarre, Saarland...
		Bulegon, Bulgati, Bulhões, Bülow, Bund, Buonamigo, Buratto, Burg,...
		BUDDECKE (2), BUHL (1), BULCKE (6), BUND (3), BUNGE (1), BUTTERMANN (2)...
	www.geneaseek.org /cgi-bin/search-en?q=BUND+&GroupBySite=yes (322 words)

	Americana - Aachen to Jena (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The archive of the Evangelischer Bund contains documents pertaining to the history of the ecumenical movement and the interactions among representatives of various denominations after 1945.
		In addition, there is material on the history of the Evangelischer Bund since 1886, including correspondence with churches in the United States.
		The personnel files of the National Socialist Party, formerly held at the Berlin Document Center, also are at this archive, as is a plethora of personal papers, especially those of politicians from the former GDR and Third Reich.
	www.ghi-dc.org /guide12/a-j.html (10752 words)

	German Definition / German Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Beginning of the rule of the Alpin dynasty of Scottish kings...
		German Confederation The German Confederation (German Deutscher Bund) was a loose association of Central European states created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to organize the surviving states of the Holy Roman Empire, which had been abolished in 1806....
		North German ConfederationThe North German Confederation (German Norddeutscher Bund), a transitional grouping which existed (1867 - 1871) between the dissolution of the German Confederation and the founding of the German Empire, cemented Prussian control over the 22 states of Northern Germany and emanated that same control (via the Zollverein) into southern Germany....
	www.elresearch.com /German (1842 words)

	Find in a Library: Stenographische Berichte über die Verhandlungen des Reichstages des Norddeutschen Bundes im Jahre ...
		Find in a Library: Stenographische Berichte über die Verhandlungen des Reichstages des Norddeutschen Bundes im Jahre 1867
		Stenographische Berichte über die Verhandlungen des Reichstages des Norddeutschen Bundes im Jahre 1867
		WorldCat is provided by OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. on behalf of its member libraries.
	www.worldcatlibraries.org /wcpa/ow/277f3f92ba139dee.html (89 words)

	Home
		One of the results of the Congress is the establishment of the German Confederation (Deutscher Bund) under the presidency of Austria.
		Bismarck declares null and void the Constitution of the German Confederation of 1815.
		In the wake of the Prussian victory over Austria, the North German Confederation (Norddeutscher Bund) is formed under Prussian hegemony in 1867.
	www.revelationsofthebible.com /Europe3.htm (9088 words)

	Strate/Strait Family Genealogy
		In 1720, the Earls of Lippe-Detmold were elevated to the status of Reichsfurst (Prince of Empire) and Lippe became a Principality within the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation.
		In 1815, the Principality became a member of the German Confederation (Deutscher Bund) and in 1866, a member of the North German Confederation (Norddeutscher Bund).
		In 1895, the Lippe-Detmold royal line became extinct and the ten year "fight of succession" of Lippe began.
	members.aol.com /jwreed7171/strate.htm (3079 words)

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