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	North African Campaign
		The North African Campaign, or Desert War, took place in the North African desert during World War II between 1940 and 1943.
		North Africa is a region generally considered to include Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia, and the Western Sahara.
		After the victory in the North African Campaign, the stage was set for the Italian Campaign to begin.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h1727.html (1175 words)

	East African Campaign - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: )
		This campaign is often seen as part of the North African Campaign.
		Winston Churchill criticized General Archibald Wavell, whose Middle East Command was responsible for the campaign, for the rapid defeat of the Commonwealth forces.
		On January 24, the Commonwealth's Southern Force, comprised of the South African 1st Division and the 11th and 12th African Divisions (Nigerian and Ghanaian troops under British officers), commanded by Lieutenant General Alan Cunningham invaded Italian Somaliland, capturing most of it by February 25.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/East_African_Campaign (1101 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: German Panzer Army Afrika (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It was sent to North Africa in 1942 to bolster Axis forces in the Western Desert.
		German field armies The Western Desert Campaign was the primary early theatre of the North African Campaign of World War II.
		German units that required a period of rehabilitation, namely, the 164th Light African Division and the Parachute Instruction Brigade, were employed for this purpose as well as rear elements of the German Africa Corps and native labor, all under the direction of the commander of the 164th Light African Division.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/German-Panzer-Army-Afrika (1375 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Second Battle of El Alamein (Site not responding. Last check: )
		As the number of German armed forces committed to the North Africa Campaign of World War II grew from the initial commitment of a small corps the Germans developed a more elaborate command structure and placed the now larger Afrika Korps, with Italian units under this new German command structure...
		The Western Desert Campaign was the primary early theatre of the North African Campaign of World War II.
		Operation Sonnenblume (German for sunflower) was the deployment of German troops (the â€œAfrika Korpsâ€;) to the North African Campaign in February, 1941.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Second_Battle_of_El_Alamein/Prelude (1593 words)

	North African Campaign - Part I: It Makes One Cry!
		Such was a popular assessment of English armor at various points of the North African campaign, at least if one asked an Allied infantryman serving in the theatre.
		Rommel wrote pithy, yet candid letters to his wife while he served in North Africa, and through these missives one gains a sense of his exasperation at this point.
		Seemingly he sensed a change in the campaign, and that his advantage had long since fallen by the wayside.
	www.wizards.com /default.asp?x=ah/article/ah20050915a (1088 words)

	Reviews of 'Desert War: The North African Campaign 1940-1943' (Site not responding. Last check: )
		It is absorbing and well written with a flow of a correspondent who is constantly moving to different parts of the front.
		Alan Moorehead was a war correspondent who covered most of the 3-year desert campaign in North Africa in World War II.
		He had interviews with the general staff of the (British and U.S.) armies and a good grasp on the overall strategic vision of the campaign, from the Allies' point of view.
	www.usingenglish.com /amazon/us/reviews/0140275142.html (862 words)

	Logistics and the Desert Fox
		In fact, few campaigns in history illustrate so vividly the wisdom of the argument stated in Marine Corps doctrine, that "logistics establishes limits on what is operationally possible." However, the specific factors that contributed to the failure of German operational logistics in North Africa need closer scrutiny.
		Hitler's principal strategic objective for the North African theater was to bolster the waning political and military fortunes of his Italian ally by helping her sustain a viable presence in North Africa.
		Rather than seeing the North African campaign as a strategic sideshow, he viewed it as a means of striking at the heart of the British Empire and into the soft underbelly of the Soviet Union beyond.
	www.almc.army.mil /alog/issues/JanFeb01/MS610.htm (3541 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: )
		]]North Africa or Northern Africa is the northernmost region of the African continent, generally divided by the formidable barrier of the Sahara from Sub-Saharan Africa.
		North Africa generally is often included in common definitions of the Middle East, since they in many respects have closer ties to Western Asia than to sub-saharan Africa.
		The inhabitants of North Africa are generally divided in a manner roughly corresponding to the principal geographic regions of North Africa: the Maghreb, the Nile Valley, and the Sahara.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=North_Africa (1237 words)

	North African Campaign
		The battle in the North African desert during World War II from 1940-1943.
		The success was short-lived however, as British forces counter-attacked from Sudan in the north and Kenya in the south.
		At this point General Bernard Montgomery took over as commander of Allied forces in North Africa and, after victory in the battles of Alam Halfa and Second El Alamein, began to the push the Axis forces back, going as far as capturing Tripoli.
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/n/no/north_african_campaign.html (672 words)

	afrikakorps
		In late January, the entire North African Campaign was on the verge of complete collapse, when the Italians suddenly and quite unexpectedly turned the tables on their pursuers.
		The North African Campaign that could have concluded after just four or five months in an Italian victory, had only the Duce’s orders been followed, would go on for two more years, killing many thousands more men, and eventually climaxing in an Axis withdrawal.
		North Africa might divert the British from interfering in his up-coming invasion of the Soviet Union.
	www.third-reich-books.com /afrikakorps.htm (3152 words)

	The Forum of the 1.Jagdmoroner Abteilung - Influence of African campaign.
		North Africa was very difficult for the Axis to support logistically and rather cut off from Europe as a whole.
		Had serious ops in the Med stopped after the North African littoral was cleared and Italy been left unmolested, the Germans would have been able to transfer troops to France.
		Had the North African campaign not been allowed to grag on into 1943, it would've freed up several more options for the allies in 1942 - perhaps Italy could've been knocked out of the war a year earlier and obliged Germany to divert forces from Russia a year earlier.
	www.1jma.dk /topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=687 (2195 words)

	An Army at Dawn: The War in North Africa, 1942-1943, by Rick Atkinson (Site not responding. Last check: )
		North Africa was really a pivot point in American history, the place where the United States began to act like a great power -- militarily, diplomatically, strategically, tactically -- during the seven months needed to win the campaign against the Germans and Italians.
		The stresses and strains on those in combat, particularly when they have responsibility for the lives of others, disclose what these men are made of; we see their mettle, for good and ill. In the first months of the African campaign, failings and shortcomings certainly exceeded successes and virtues.
		Not only is there a lack of appreciation today for the importance and drama of the North African campaign, but there's a misperception that it was a chivalrous affair conducted between gentlemen in the desert.
	www.anarmyatdawn.com /interview.htm (1845 words)

	North Africa
		North Africa was a place where the allies were able to engage Germ any with relatively good odds.
		It is certain that the North African Campaigns served a vital roll in the defeat of Germany.
		North Africa was a disaster for the Axis.
	www.cs.ndsu.nodak.edu /~lugert/wwii.htm (2595 words)

	Timeline of the North African Campaign - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Timeline of the North African Campaign - Biocrawler
		This is the timeline of the North African Campaign.
		The Royal Air Force bombs airfields and petrol dumps in Italian East Africa and Libya.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Timeline_of_the_North_African_Campaign (189 words)

	North Africa
		This was to use the means that would be accumulated in England by the fall of 1942, plus additional forces from the United States, to invade North Africa, where, it was hoped, French forces might lend support to the operation.
		In North Africa the Germans and their Italian allies controlled a narrow strip along the Mediterranean coast between Tunisia and Egypt with an army numbering some 100,000 men under Field Marshal Erwin Rommel.
		Fascinating, inspiring stories and details about American heroes of the North African campaign who were recognized with the Congressional Medal of Honor.
	www.worldwar2history.info /North-Africa (1042 words)

	U.S. Army Aviation Museum \| preserving the Past... for the Future
		On 9 November, four Army liaison pilots flew three L-4s from the deck of the USS Ranger, a carrier participating in the invasion of North Africa.
		During the North African campaign, there were not enough aircraft and pilots for all artillery units.
		As early as the North African campaign, the exigencies of war and the availability of the organic aircraft caused them to be used for purposes other than artillery fire adjustment.
	www.armyavnmuseum.org /history/war/ww2/overview4.html (814 words)

	NORTH AFRICAN CAMPAIGN: 1940-1942
		The British campaign in North Africa in 1940-1942 against the Italians and ultimately the German Afrika Korps, became crucial as a prelude to the eventual "second front" in the European theater of World War II.
		If North Africa had been lost, D-Day would have been delayed at least and Germany could have focused on defeating the Soviet Union, with disasterous consequences for the Allies.
		The British were forced to retreat to the island of Crete where they were attacked and defeated by German forces in June 1941.
	www.olive-drab.com /od_history_ww2_ops_battles_1940-42nafrica.php (976 words)

	North Africa, WW2, Tobruk, Benghazi, Torch, Malta, Suez, Egypt, Greece, Crete, Alexandria, Med Fleet, 8th Army, ...
		From North Cape in Norway to the Pyrenees at the Spanish border, the coast of Europe was in German hands.
		At this stage 60 percent of Axis North African supplies were being lost to attacks by British aircraft, submarines and warships.
		French North Africa continued - After the Bougie and Bone landings in eastern Algeria, British paratroops were flown into the north of Tunisia and the advance began on Bizerta and Tunis.
	www.naval-history.net /WW2CampaignsNorthAfrica.htm (6560 words)

	Combat Mission: Afrika Korps Bibliography Page
		It was the decisive victories of the German Panzer divisions in North Africa in World War II that taught the Allies the importance of an integrated combat team consisting of tanks, infantry, and artillery.
		PANZER BATTLES is a vivid account of the major campaigns of that war, especially the legendary desert battles fought by Rommel, who found the desert to be the perfect terrain in which to wage almost purely theoretical armored warfare with large-scale tank formations.
		This is the story of this backwater campaign, a series of battles skillfully staged by the Germans and so botched by the Allies that their victory was achieved only as a result of German exhaustion.
	www.battlefront.com /products/cmak/biblio.html (3364 words)

	[No title]
		Africa Campaign The first chapter of this section describes the course of events that earned the Afrikakorps a place in history.
		Africa Institution The cufftitle that distinguished the members of the Wehrmacht that fought in North Africa was created shortly before the capitulation of the forces.
		It is a unit cufftitle denoting service with a unit performing service in or over the North African theater and, as such, should be considered a piece of insignia.
	www.wehrmacht-awards.com /campaign_awards/cufftitles/afrika_files/description.htm (1543 words)

	Sicily Campaign (Site not responding. Last check: )
		With the North African campaign moving toward a successful conclusion, the leaders of the two nations debated where to launch their next blow.
		Situated ninety miles off the north coast of Africa and a mere two and one-half miles from the "toe" of the Italian peninsula, Sicily was both a natural bridge between Africa and Europe and a barrier dividing the Mediterranean Sea.
		The two Allied leaders also were anxious to exploit the momentum of their impending victory in North Africa, and the mass of men and materiel that would be available in the Mediterranean at the conclusion of the North African campaign made additional operations in that theater attractive.
	www.45thdivision.org /CampaignsBattles/sicily.htm (7544 words)

	The Rat Patrol at AllExperts
		The show followed the exploits of four (three American and one British) allied soldiers who were part of a long range desert patrol group in the North African campaign during World War II.
		The show was inspired by and loosely modelled on the Long Range Desert Group, which used modified trucks armed with machine guns as their transport through the treacherous desert terrain.
		The title of the program refers to the nicknames given to some of the British forces in the North African campaign (Rats of Tobruk or Desert Rats).
	en.allexperts.com /e/t/th/the_rat_patrol.htm (345 words)

	Control Arms campaign for tougher controls on the arms trade
		The Control Arms campaign is calling for an international, legally-binding Arms Trade Treaty to ease the suffering caused by irresponsible weapons transfers.
		Control Arms campaigners are returning to the UN again this year to keep the pressure on governments to make sure that the treaty becomes a reality.
		The Control Arms campaign is asking parliamentarians around the world to sign a declaration, which calls on governments to make swift progress towards an Arms Trade Treaty.
	www.controlarms.org (293 words)

	Cosmetics Design North America - Cosmetics Packaging, Industry, Manufacturers - Cosmetics Ingredients, Supply
		Cosmetics Design North America - Cosmetics Packaging, Industry, Manufacturers - Cosmetics Ingredients, Supply
		Dermasalve Sciences signs South African deal for sensitive skin products
		8/23/2007 - A recent campaign from bath and beauty chain Lush, that urged shoppers to avoid excess...
	www.cosmeticsdesign.com /news-by-product (815 words)

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