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Topic: North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission

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	Marine
		Marine mammal A marine mammal is a ocean-dwelling or depends on the ocean for its food.
		Marine park A marine park is a zoo, with a variety of animals kept inside, outside in enclosed tanks, or outside in the...
		Marine snow In the deep ocean, marine snow is a continuous shower of mostly organic detritus falling from the upper laye...
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/marine.html (1698 words)

	The North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission - in principle and practice
		The North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission was formally established with the signing of the Agreement on Cooperation on Research, Conservation and Management of Marine Mammals in the North Atlantic.
		Firstly, NAMMCO covers all marine mammals in the North Atlantic, including smaller species of whales as well as seals and walruses for which there has not previously existed an international mechanism for cooperation on their conservation and management.
		NAMMCO arranged an International Conference on Marine Mammals and the Marine Environment which was held in Shetland in 1995, and which focused on the sources, levels and effects of pollutants in marine mammals, as well as the health implications of contaminants for coastal communities where whales and seals are an important part of the diet.
	www.highnorth.no /Library/Publications/iceland/th-no-at.htm (2027 words)

	High North Alliance - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The High North Alliance is an umbrella organisation of several fishing, whaling and Nordic municipal councils.
		The alliance was founded in 1991 in response to calls from environmentalists and from many scientists to prohibit completely commercial whaling, and, from more radical groups, calls to prohibit the killing of marine mammals for any purpose.
		The alliance is funded by membership fees, and from grants from organisations such as the North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission and the Regional Development Committee for Northern Norway.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/High_North_Alliance (218 words)

	Other relevant organizations for co-operation on marine management - Nordiska rådet / Nordiska ministerrådet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The duties of the Commission are to co-ordinate fisheries management in the Baltic Sea, and to prepare and submit recommendations regarding technical measures, size limits, closed seasons and areas, and measures establishing TAC (including areas under the fisheries jurisdiction of Contracting States) or fishing effort, based as far as practicable on results of scientific research.
		NAMMCO was established by the North Atlantic nations as an organization for co-ordination of scientific research and management of the whale resource on a regional level.
		The International Whaling Commission (IWC) is funded on this convention signed by the whaling nations in 1946, with the aim to protect whales from further overfishing, which was the predominant situation for the large-scale pelagic whaling at the time.
	www.norden.org /tn98540/004.htm (1343 words)

	News from the High North Alliance
		As well, a number of invited experts from across the North Atlantic, including Canada, Iceland, Norway, the UK and Russia, contributed to the Committee's special focus this year on questions related to the role of whales and seals in the marine ecosystem.
		Data from the 1995 North Atlantic Sightings Survey for cetaceans (NASS-95), which was coordinated through NAMMCO, was used as the basis for revised estimates for the surveyed areas.
		The Scientific Committee concluded that the bundance of fin and sei whales in North Atlantic waters east of Greenland was 22,800 and 9,250 respectively.
	www.highnorth.no /news/pfriend.asp?which=115 (445 words)

	North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The organisation came about because the nations were (and continue to be) unhappy with the international management of cetaceans and other marine mammals by the International Whaling Commission.
		NAMMCO was founded in Nuuk, Greenland on 9 April 1992 by the signators to Agreement on Cooperation in Research, Conservation and Management of Marine Mammals in the North Atlantic.
		The council is the decision-making part of the commission, which requests, and acts on, advice from its management committess, which make proposals for management of marine mammals stocks within the region, and from the scientific committee which reviews current scientific literature and carries out its own scientific research.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/NAMMCO (373 words)

	Briefing Book - U.S. Marine Mammals: Status, Threats and Conservation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Two marine mammal species once found in U.S. waters have been hunted to extinction: the Caribbean monk seal which lived throughout the Caribbean Sea, including the waters of southern Florida; and the little-known sea mink which inhabited northern New England shores.
		However, linking pollutants with marine mammal health impacts has proven to be extremely difficult due, in large part, to ethical and logistical considerations involved with marine mammal research and the many complexities associated with understanding the effects of chemical exposure.
		Ship strikes are an important obstacle preventing the recovery of north Atlantic right whales, and the projected increase in high speed vessel traffic (e.g., ferries, container vessels) may have implications for this and other small, vulnerable, whale populations.
	www.seaweb.org /background/book/us_marinemammal.html (1501 words)

	Mads Peter Heide-Jørgensen - Natur Instituttet On-Line - www.natur.gl
		The rebuilding of the population is still in progress, but it is severely influenced by the skewed age and sex distributions, which on the basis of the data collected during the epizootic can be modelled accurately.
		Heide-Jørgensen, M.P. Contribution to the ecology of marine mammals.
		Belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) in the North Atlantic and the Russian Arctic.
	www.natur.gl /print.asp?lang=dk&num=334 (2738 words)

	Whaling Information
		Since its establishment in 1992, the Faroe Islands have been a Party to the North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission NAMMCO, a regional intergovernmental body for the conservation, management and study of marine mammals in the North Atlantic, the other Parties to which are Norway, Iceland and Greenland.
		This conclusion was based on advice provided by the Scientific Committee of NAMMCO in response to requests from the NAMMCO Council for an assessment of the status of the pilot whale population in the North Atlantic and whether the number of pilot whales taken annually in the Faroe Islands is consistent with sustainable utilisation.
		The North and Baltic Sea populations of pilot whales are listed under the Bonn Convention on Appendix II (not Appendix 1, which lists endangered species).
	www.whaling.fo /international.htm (473 words)

	Directory: NAMMCO
		The area of competence of the Commission is broadly defined as the North Atlantic.
		The North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission (NAMMCO) was established in 1992 by the Agreement on Cooperation in Research, Conservation and Management of Marine Mammals in the North Atlantic, which was signed in Nuuk, Greenland on 9 April 1992 and entered into force three months later.
		The objectives of the Commission are set out in Article 2 of the Agreement as contributing through regional consultation and cooperation to the conservation, rational management and study of marine mammals in the North Atlantic.
	www.oceanlaw.net /orgs/nammco.htm (739 words)

	Nunatsiaq News
		Researchers and international marine mammal management bodies say beluga numbers in West Greenland have been cut in half, while the narwhal population there has declined to only 25 per cent of its original size.
		Greenland is supposed to base its quotas on advice from the Canadian-Greenlandic Commission on Narwhals and Belugas as well as the North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission, an international body for cooperation on the conservation, management and study of marine mammals in the North Atlantic.
		In Nunavut, co-management of marine mammals is supposed to protect stocks from commercial and political forces.
	www.nunatsiaq.com /archives/40326/news/nunavut/40326_09.html (812 words)

	Environment News Service ENS Latest Environmental Information Education Current Issues RSS
		There are indications from North Atlantic Sightings Surveys conducted by NAMMCO that "the stock of humpback whales around Iceland has increased rapidly over the past 15 years," the council said, and asked scientific committee to complete abundance estimates for this species "as a high priority."
		Work on quantifying the interactions between marine mammals and fisheries is at the top of the NAMMCO Scientific Committee's agenda.
		Whaling nations contend that predation by marine mammals is a cause of declining fish populations in the North Atlantic, and use this argument as a justification for hunting whales.
	www.ens-newswire.com /ens/sep2002/2002-09-12-01.asp (1138 words)

	FKD - International administration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The recommendations of marine scientists form the most important basis for the decisions on fishing quotas.
		The marine scientists from various countries meet under the auspices of the International Council for Exploration of the Sea (ICES), which in turn advises the authorities before the quotas are set.
		Examples of these are the North-East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC), the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organisation (NAFO), the International Whaling Commission (IWC) and the North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission (NAMMCO).
	odin.dep.no /fkd/engelsk/dep/008001-990024/index-dok000-n-f-a.html (558 words)

	1997 WhaleNet Archive: Whale data:NAMMCO Scientific Committee (fwd)
		As=20 well, a number of invited experts from across the North Atlantic, including= =20 Canada, Iceland, Norway, the UK and Russia, contributed to the Committee's= =20 special focus this year on questions related to the role of whales and=20 seals in the marine ecosystem.
		Data from the 1995 North Atlantic Sightings Survey= =20 for cetaceans (NASS-95), which was coordinated through NAMMCO, was used as= =20 the basis for revised estimates for the surveyed areas.
		Combined with the estimate of 112,000 from the Norwegian= =20 part of the survey in the Northeast Atlantic, which was reviewed by the=20 Scientific Committee of the International Whaling Commission in 1996, this= =20 gives a total estimate of 184,000 minke whales in the central and northeast= =20 Atlantic.
	whale.wheelock.edu /archives/whalenet97/0147.html (404 words)

	Odinarkiv - Report to the Storting on Norway´s policy on marine mammals (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The central topic of this white paper is the establishment of an ecosystem-based management regime for marine mammals in areas under Norwegian jurisdiction.
		Introduce a set of general principles to be used as a basis for marine mammal management in Norway, and seek to achieve the widest possible international support for them.
		Establish monitoring programmes for bycatches of marine mammals in fisheries and evaluate their effect on marine mammal stocks.
	odin.dep.no /fkd/engelsk/p10001957/pressem/008041-070230/index-dok000-b-n-a.html (701 words)

	IWMC.org - NAMMCO Press Release / 28 November 1997 - Printer Friendly
		JOHN'S: An urgent call was made for the elimination of trade barriers that have constrained the international trade in seal products and impeded the sustainable development of sealing communities around the world at the first ever international forum on sealing, held in St. John's, Newfoundland from November 25th to 27th.
		The event was organized by the North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission (NAMMCO) and was hosted by the Government of Newfoundland and Labrador.
		NAMMCO's spokesperson and General Secretary, Kate Sanderson said, "Seals are major components of the marine ecosystem in the North Atlantic and in many other parts of the world.
	www.iwmc.org /seals/971128-print.htm (687 words)

	MARAM - 2003 Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		In: Belugas in the North Atlantic and the Russian Arctic.
		Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna document: CCSBT-MP/0304/12: 1-25.
		Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna document: CCSBT-ESC/0309/37: 1-24.
	www.mth.uct.ac.za /maram/papers/2003.html (2407 words)

	NAMMCO
		'The North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission', (NAMMCO) is a controversial organisation, with its roots in efforts by the Governments of Iceland and Norway to challenge the global authority of the IWC to regulate whaling.
		It totally fails to comprehend that marine mammals do not, in fact, have 'impacts' on the marine environment but are integral parts of the marine ecosystem.
		NAMMCO does not have the authority or the competence to develop such a programme for coastal whaling or for the hunting of 'all marine mammals' in the north Atlantic.
	www.wdcs.org /dan/publishing.nsf/allweb/8F79D54BA7F9B2DD80256F350055150B (1384 words)

	Directory - Society: Issues: Animal Welfare: Specific Animals: Whales: Pro-Whaling (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		High North Alliance · cached · Defending the right of coastal communities to hunt marine mammals sustainably.
		The North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission (NAMMCO) · cached · An intergovernmental body for cooperation on the conservation, management and study of marine mammals in the North Atlantic.
		International Whaling Commission · cached · The intergovernmental body responsible for the conservation of whales and the management of whaling.
	www.incywincy.com /default?p=555370 (396 words)

	imr - Dolphin research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		Following a recommendation from the North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission (NAMMCO), the Institute of Marine Research has launched plans for a comprehensive research programme on Lagenorhynchus dolphins.
		In the western North Atlantic herring and codfishes were recorded as important prey species.
		In submitting the proposal, the Institute of Marine Research anticipated that the results would contribute to an improved management of the marine ecosystems and to improved environmental quality and therefore enhanced viability of dolphin populations in the future.
	www.imr.no /english/news/2002/dolphin_research (885 words)

	Norwegian management of living marine resources (Norway - the official site in the United States)
		Fisheries in the areas outside the national economic zones are managed by the North East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC) in co-operation with the coastal states.
		The North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission (NAMMCO) is a forum for co-operation on the conservation, management and study of marine mammals in general.
		ICES is the international advisory body for the fisheries authorities in the North Atlantic countries.
	www.norway.org /policy/trade/marine (801 words)

	Marine Mammal Links
		Cull.org: To Cull or Not to Cull The Scientific Evaluation Of Proposals To Cull Marine Mammals A Report of the Scientific Advisory Committee of the UNEP Marine Mammal Action Plan submitted to the United Nations Environmental Programme, October 1999.
		Friends of the Sea Lion FSL is a part of the Marine Mammal Center and is a non-profit, volunteer organization located in Laguna Beach, California.
		North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sperm Whale Catalogue/NAMSC The catalogue contains photographic material of sperm whales, mainly of flukes.
	www.geocities.com /RainForest/Andes/2577/whale.html (903 words)

	The North Atlantic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		12 April 2002 — NEAFC - the North-East Atlantic Fisheries Commission — was informed of the latest developments in negotiations between Coastal States on blue whiting at its Extraordinary Meeting in London 10-12 April 2002.
		The International Conferences on the Protection of the North Sea are political events where the ministers responsible for the protection of the environment meet for a broad and comprehensive assessment of the measures needed to protect the North Sea environment.
		The Scientific Committee plans to hold a workshop on ecosystem models, aiming for a better understanding of the ecological role of minke whales and harp and hooded seals in the North Atlantic, and has been requested to undertake a new assessment of grey seals throughout the North Atlantic.
	www.northatlantic.fo /Show.asp?Page=257 (345 words)

	Status of killer whales in Canada - Population Size and Trends
		Abstract submitted to the 12th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals, Monaco, January 1998.
		Duignan, P.J. Morbillivirus infection in pinnipeds in the western Atlantic.
		Records of killer whales in the western North Atlantic, with emphasis on eastern Canadian waters.
	whitelab.biology.dal.ca /rwb/kwstat4.htm (3677 words)

	North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission - Sealing Conference information
		Sealing the Future is the first major international forum to bring together sealers and sealing community representatives, producers, researchers and policy-makers from around the world to exchange their knowledge and views on the conservation and sustainable use of seals today and in the future.
		Sealing the Future is arranged by NAMMCO - the North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission - and is hosted by the provincial Government of Newfoundland and Labrador.
		NAMMCO is an intergovernmental body for cooperation on the conservation, management and study of marine mammals in the North Atlantic and was established in 1992 by Norway, Iceland, Greenland and the Faroe Islands.
	www.releases.gov.nl.ca /releases/1997/fishaq/1121n02.htm (1586 words)

	Responsible Fisheries - Management - Accessment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-19)
		The Marine Research Institute (MRI) is the centre of scientific research for marine resources.
		The most extensive of its activities is the systematic assessment of marine stocks and its advisory role for the management of fisheries.
		The English summary of the report of the Marine Research Institute headed: State of Marine Stocks in Icelandic Waters 2003/2004 and prospects for the Quota Year 2004/2005 details assessment results and recommendations for most commercial stocks.
	www.fisheries.is /managem/assessm.htm (878 words)

	BBC News \| SCI/TECH \| Whaling commission struggles to survive
		Some of the great whales have been so depleted by centuries of hunting that their survival is now in doubt.
		It came from Rune Frovik, of the High North Alliance, a pro-whaling group with members from Canada, the Faroe Islands, Greenland, Iceland and Norway.
		The IWC secretary, Dr Ray Gambell, has said he thinks the Commission will lose all credibility if it does not end the moratorium on commercial whaling it introduced in 1986.
	news.bbc.co.uk /hi/english/sci/tech/newsid_818000/818713.stm (631 words)

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