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Topic: North Bahr al Ghazal

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	Concepts, Issues & Cases:
		Estimates of the number of IDPs in Tambura County now range between 9,000 and 15,000, though the latter figure may be overstated (at least partly as a result of double registration) and the numbers involved needed to be clarified in a joint-agency assessment, according to the nongovernmental organisations MEDAIR and CARE International.
		The IDPs were being encouraged to make their way from Tambura and from the bush north of Tambura County to Mabia (or Mabaya), some 15 km southeast of Tambura town on the road to Mpoi (Mupoi), from the initial registration point at Namutina, northwest of Tambura, relief officials said.
		Bahr al-Ghazal had been severely affected by famine in recent years, but "this should not obscure the dramatic effect of violence in this war-torn region", MSF added.
	www.edcnews.se /Research/Sudan-IDPs.html (2294 words)

	North Bahr al Ghazal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		North Bahr al Ghazal (Arabic: شمال بحر الغزال; transliterated: Shamal Bahr al-Ghazal) is one of the 26 wilayat or states of Sudan.
		It has an area of 33,558 km² and is part of the Bahr el Ghazal region.
		North Bahr El Ghazal and adjacent parts of Western Kordofan to the north are among the most politically sensitive regions in Sudan.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/North_Bahr_al_Ghazal (345 words)

	Food, nutrition and agriculture 25 Coping with chronic complex emergencies: Bahr al-Ghazal, southern Sudan
		This was the situation in Bahr al-Ghazal in 1998.
		In spite of this projected increase, Bahr al-Ghazal was expected to be deficient in cereals by about 55 000 tonnes, mainly because of a reduction in planting as a result of fighting and insecurity.
		Bahr al-Ghazal is a crop-deficit area, but there are pockets where local surpluses are produced.
	www.fao.org /docrep/x4390t/x4390t05.htm (5167 words)

	Nile - MSN Encarta
		From Lake Victoria in east central Africa, it flows generally north through Uganda, Sudan, and Egypt to the Mediterranean Sea, for a distance of 5,584 km (3,470 mi).
		At its junction with the Bahr al-Ghazal, the river becomes the Bahr al-Abyad, or the White Nile.
		Below Khartoum navigation is rendered dangerous by cataracts, the first occurring north of Khartoum and the sixth near Aswān.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761558310/Nile.html (598 words)

	Bahr el Ghazal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Bahr el Ghazal (Arabic: بحر الغزال) is both a river and a region of southwestern Sudan, the region taking its name from the river.
		The region consists of the states of North Bahr al Ghazal, West Bahr al Ghazal, Lakes, and Warab.
		The region was later incorporated into Anglo-Egyptian Sudan and became the ninth province after being split from Equatoria in 1948, and later a province, and then state, under the Republic of Sudan.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bahr_el_Ghazal (385 words)

	Sudan Information Center - lost boys of sudan
		It is bordered by Egypt to the north, sudan nile the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, Kenya and Uganda to the southeast, Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west, and Libya to the northwest.
		Furthermore, while the British built roads, schools and set up a government in the predominately Arab north, the British left the South to Missionaries to "tame people of sudan the savages" creating what historians generally agree was a grave injustice in the country.
		The population of metropolitan Khartoum (including Khartoum, sudan oil Omdurman, and Khartoum North) is growing rapidly and ranges from 6-7 million, including around 2 million displaced persons from the southern war zone as well as western and eastern drought-affected areas.
	www.scipeeps.com /Sci-Official_Languages_P_-_S/Sudan.html (2303 words)

	Anuak Justice Council, Anuak History
		In the eighteenth century the Baqqara Arabs arrived from Wadai in Chad to settle in the region north and west of the Nuer and Dinka living along the Bahr al-Ghazal and Bahr al-Arab, the Dinka Kirr, rivers.
		The Nuer consequently retired to the treeless plains, the Lau to the west, and the Jikany to the north.
		North of the Sobat the British faced even more formidable and intransigent opposition among the Gaajok and the Gaajak sections of the Jikany Nuer who lived along the Ethiopian frontier that they annually crossed to seek grazing.
	www.anuakjustice.org /doc_history_to_1956.htm (13897 words)

	MSF Around the World
		In a country such as south Sudan, the logistics of a vaccination campaign - transporting teams and equipment to vaccination sites, maintaining the cold chain - is a challenge, especially in rural areas.
		"We are in country just out from 20 years of war and the conditions to respond to a major outbreak are difficult," explains Dr Mego Terzian, head of the emergency team in North Bahr al Ghazal.
		In addition to the vaccinations, other priorities when facing an epidemic are to; register new cases; train the staff to identify and treat meningitis; provide necessary materials; and to manage the most severe cases.
	www.msf.org /msfinternational/invoke.cfm?objectid=9D96E169-15C5-F00A-25CC6C9021B62452&component=toolkit.article&method=full_html (730 words)

	directopedia : Directory : Regional : Africa : Sudan
		Three Kushite and Meroetic kingdoms called northern Sudan their home in ancient times, this region was also known as the Nubian Kingdom and these civilizations flourished mainly along the Nile River from the first to the sixth cataracts.
		Furthermore, while the British built roads, schools and set up a government in the predominately Arab north, the British left the South to Missionaries to "tame the savages" creating what historians generally agree was a grave injustice in the country.
		The peace was consolidated with the official signing by both sides of the Naivasha treaty on 9 January 2005, pursuant to which the south will be granted autonomy for six years, to be followed by a referendum on independence.
	www.directopedia.org /directory/Regional-Africa/Sudan.shtml (2721 words)

	Sudan
		The United Kingdom ran Sudan as two essentially separate colonies, the south and the north, until 1956.
		The law was enacted to prevent the spread of malaria and other tropical diseases that had ravaged British troops.
		The peace was consolidated with the official signing by both sides of the Naivasha treaty on 9 January 2005, granting Southern Sudan autonomy for six years, to be followed by a referendum about independence.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/s/su/sudan.html (2645 words)

	Sudan
		Much of the ethnic conflict is born of the North (Arab, Muslim) versus South (African, Christian and animistic) and has a strong economic element in that economic development while under British colonial rule was focused in the North.
		It is hoped that the treaty will finally mark the end of a decades-long war that has claimed millions of lives.
		Now there is peace between the north and the south.
	creekin.net /n174-sudan.html (1836 words)

	AllRefer.com - Sudan - Paramilitary Groups in Sudan \| Sudanese Information Resource
		The tactics of the Misiriyah murahalin were similar to those of the Rizeiqat; their ambushes of refugees and attacks on villagers in northeastern Bahr al Ghazal were among the most murderous and destructive of any perpetrated by the militia groups.
		The government armed the Rufaa al Huj as a militia in 1986, after the SPLA appeared in southern Al Awsat Province to recruit followers among the nonArab peoples of the area.
		In 1985 members of the Mundari in Al Istiwai, who were hostile to the Dinka because of their ruthless behavior, were recruited to help counter the growing SPLA threat in that province.
	reference.allrefer.com /country-guide-study/sudan/sudan148.html (1242 words)

	News: Sudan, Sudan: Inadequate food, health and education for returnees to the south
		In the state of North Bahr al Ghazal, the situation has been exacerbated by the presence of 10,000 IDPs from the neighbouring region of Darfur.
		The mortality rate for children aged between one and five was 104 per 1,000 live births in the north, and 132 in the south.
		Maternal mortality per 100,000 live births was estimated at 509 in the north, but ranged from 365 to 865 in the south, while approximately 7.5 million cases of malaria occurred in Sudan every year.
	www.reliefweb.int /rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/MMQD-6BKLUG?OpenDocument (1187 words)

	FAMINE IN SUDAN, 1998
		The Bahr El Ghazal region was populated by Dinka (From the northwest to southeast of Wau), Jur from to the south and east of Wau, and Fertit from the west, centered on the town of Raga.
		The Arabized Baggara cattle nomads, whose militia is the muraheleen, live to the north of Bahr El Ghazal, in Darfur and Kordofan regions.
		The Dinka were the primary victims of the 1988 famine in Bahr El Ghazal that was caused in large part by raids by government-backed muraheleen who stole cattle, burned huts and grain, and abducted women and children.
	www.hrw.org /reports/1999/sudan/SUDAWEB2-12.htm (3135 words)

	Southsudan.Net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		However, government officials in Khartoum have often denied claims of the existence of slavery in Sudan, arguing that some southerners may have been abducted and taken to the north, but that they are not living as slaves.
		Malual insists that although the war ended with the signing of the January peace deal, the agreement did not address the issue of southerners held in bondage in northern Sudan.
		He says he wants to campaign to see that all southern Sudanese - allegedly abducted mainly from northern Bahr al Ghazal and taken to northern Sudan - are freed and allowed to return home.
	www.southsudan.net /bona.html (220 words)

	FAMINE IN SUDAN, 1998
		One historically powerful if not numerous group in western Bahr El Ghazal were the families that ruled various small tribes, each with a form of centralized authority typically under a sultan.
		The most eminent vassals of Darfur in the western Bahr el Ghazal were the ruling families of the Feroge, Nuagulgule, Binga, Kara, and some sections of the Kreish.
		The ethnic, cultural and political polarization of western Bahr El Ghazal was evident in the first civil war and increased in the current war.
	www.hrw.org /reports/1999/sudan/SUDAWEB2-69.htm (1713 words)

	Magic Safaris - Animals - The Nile River
		From Lake Victoria in E central Africa, it flows generally north through Uganda, Sudan, and Egypt to the Mediterranean Sea, for a distance of 5584 km.
		The river leaves the north end of Lake Albert as the Albert Nile, flows through northern Uganda, and at the Sudan border becomes the Bahr al-Jabal.
		It rises at an altitude of about 1830 m in the region of Lake Tana, north west Ethiopia, flows South and then West in Ethiopia, and follows a north western course in Sudan before merging, at Khartoum, with the White Nile to form the Nile proper.
	www.magic-safaris.com /animals/detail.php?id=41 (531 words)

	SUDAN: Communities in northern Bahr al-Ghazal urgently need aid:Health and Medicine News - Medilinks Africa
		NAIROBI, 23 March (IRIN) - Communities in northern Bahr al-Ghazal, which are expecting over 100,000 displaced people to return to the region this year, have identified water as their most immediate need, the UN has reported.
		Water was urgently needed in the highland areas, the densely populated mid-land areas and on major routes of return, the report stated.
		Several major routes of return from the north, from where the vast majority of the displaced would be coming, had no water sources at all and presented "a significant danger to the tens of thousands of returnees", it said.
	medilinkz.org /news/news2.asp?NewsID=6019 (733 words)

	YOURCOUNTRIES.com: Africa - Sudan
		The People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, or Algeria, is a presidential state in north Africa, and the second largest country on the African continent...
		The Arab Republic of Egypt, commonly known as Egypt, is a republic in North Africa.
		Now politically, there is a "verbal" peace between the north and the south; however,an inter-ethnic war has been raging in the western region of Darfur since 2003 between the so-called Arab and African peoples of that region.
	www.yourcountries.com /africa/sudan.html (2519 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Sudd
		It is fed by the Bahr al-Jebel, the Bahr al-Ghazal, and the Bahr al-Arab, headwaters of the Nile.
		White Nile river, one of the chief tributaries of the Nile, E Africa.
		The largest country in Africa, it borders on Egypt in the north, on the Red Sea in the northeast, on Eritrea and Ethiopia in the east, on Kenya, Uganda, and Congo (Kinshasa) in the
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Sudd (493 words)

	The Nile (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		At its junction with the Bahr al Ghazal, the river becomes the Bahr al Abyad, or the White Nile.
		At Khartoum the White Nile is joined by the Blue Nile, or Bahr al Azraq.
		The Blue Nile (in Arabic the Al Bahr al-Azraq), 1529 km (950 mi) long, gathers its volume mainly from Lake T’ana, in the Ethiopian Highlands; it is known here as the Abbai.
	www.nilebasin.org /entro/thenile.htm (808 words)

	Tens of thousands of displaced returning to Bahr al-Ghazal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The numbers of returnees had been increasing steadily since the beginning of 2004, with 20,000 people returning to Aweil North in March, compared with 6,000 in January, the SRRC commissioner, Elijah Malok, reported.
		With no reliable population statistics available for Sudan as a whole, and certainly no accurate statistics on the numbers of IDPs, or whether and when they may choose to return, much of the necessary planning for their return has been based on assumptions.
		IRIN is a project of the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs.
	www.irinnews.org /print.asp?ReportID=41049 (689 words)

	Boston.com / News / World / Africa / Displaced to Darfur, Dinkas fall victim to 2 Sudan wars
		Attacks by similar progovernment militias 16 years ago led Deng to flee with his wife and six children from southern Sudan's Bahr al-Ghazal.
		To Deng, the militiamen who attacked Bul-Bul earlier this year were the same men, armed by the same government, who raided his village in Bahr al-Ghazal.
		Michael Garang is a lanky, 42-year-old Dinka who, like Deng, is from Bahr al-Ghazal.
	www.boston.com /news/world/africa/articles/2004/12/19/displaced_to_darfur_dinkas_fall_victim_to_2_sudan_wars?pg=2 (769 words)

	Reports of Recent Attacks in Southern Sudan
		We are concerned about reports that the Government of Sudan has launched a series of aerial strikes against civilian targets in the south of the country in recent days, breaking Khartoum's pledge to end bombings of civilian targets announced on May 25.
		Two other towns in Bahr al-Ghazal, Marial Bai and Mapel, were bombed again in the past few days.
		Mapel's airport is critical to addressing the humanitarian crisis in the region because it is used as a staging area by Operation Lifeline Sudan, the primary international relief mechanism.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/prs/ps/2001/3390.htm (258 words)

	World Watch - Catholic World Report - August/September 2001
		He said the situation in Western Bahr al-Ghazal is “very desperate,” and that 57,000 people had been displaced by intense military activity.
		Bishop Mazzolari said he was afraid many of the people heading north out of Raga, including many children, could die of hunger and thirst in the largely desert area.
		Rebels in the mainly Christian south have been waging a civil war with the Islamic government in the north of the African country for two decades, leaving more than a million dead.
	www.catholic.net /rcc/Periodicals/Igpress/2001-09/wsudan.html (257 words)

	Report of the Special Rapporteur on the
		In February 1994 the UNICEF Regional Director for the Middle East and North Africa appealed for temporary cease-fires to allow immunization teams to reach 800,000 war-affected children in southern Sudan as part of a national campaign to protect the Sudan's 4.5 million children against measles and polio.
		It is to be mentioned that the Northern Bahr al Ghazal government left for Aweil (the capital) last week accompanied by more than 15,000 persons who fled the area during the war time.
		Based on these discussions, and information concerning the movements of people inside northern Sudan, the Special Rapporteur is convinced that southerners and Nubans in the north are ready to return to their homes as soon as the necessary political and security conditions exist.
	www.unhchr.ch /Huridocda/Huridoca.nsf/TestFrame/d90d9b7f36a06dec802566ff005bdaa8?Opendocument (8892 words)

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