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Topic: North Korea and weapons of mass destruction

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	Why 'intelligence' can be so dumb (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Libya nuclear weapons were never going to happen, and Gadhafi decided long ago that the 'programme' was only a bargaining chip to be traded for the restoration of diplomatic relations with the United States.
		North Korea is the world's last Stalinist state, run by the world's first hereditary Communist ruler.
		The notion that North Korea is planning to attack anybody is implausible, and the idea that it would launch a nuclear first strike against anybody is frankly unbelievable.
	www.post-gazette.com /pg/04032/267625.stm (784 words)

	North Korea's Biochemical Weapons Threat - After Nuclear Test, Kim Jong Il's Toxic Arsenal - Popular Mechanics
		Internationally, it is widely agreed that the country is aggressively developing several weapons of mass destruction.
		The weaponry is thought to have the potential to decimate North Korea's southern neighbor and the 28,000 U.S. troops stationed there, and to disrupt the regional economy.
		NORTH KOREA'S CHEMICAL and Bioweapons (CBW) program appears to be modeled on that of the former Soviet Union, which covertly constructed a massive biological weapons infrastructure within the shell of a civilian research organization called Biopreparat.
	www.popularmechanics.com /technology/military_law/4208958.html (856 words)

	North Korea Nuclear Weapons - Center for Defense Information
		North Korea's uranium enrichment program, were it to continue, could produce highly-enriched uranium sufficient for nuclear weapons in roughly five years, depending on available technology.
		Under the Agreed Framework, North Korea agreed to halt activities at its plutonium producing nuclear reactors in Pyongyang in exchange for a relaxation of economic sanctions, a gradual move toward normalization of diplomatic relations, fuel oil deliveries, and construction of a light-water reactor to replace the graphite-moderated reactor shut down at Pyongyang.
		North Korea has an arsenal of hundreds of Scud missiles, which due to their extremely short range, could be used exclusively against targets in neighboring states.
	www.cdi.org /nuclear/nk-fact-sheet.cfm (1873 words)

	Asia Times - News and analysis from Korea; North and South
		But most are familiar with United States charges that North Korea has weapons of mass destruction, and they might also be used to thinking of the communist nation as a serious threat.
		The documentary discusses the life of modern North Koreans and their problems: the lack of electricity and hot water, the famines caused by massive flooding at the end of the last decade and the economic crisis precipitated by the loss of the country's main ally, the Soviet Union.
		North Koreans feel that they are under siege and respond accordingly, she said in an interview.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/Korea/EK13Dg05.html (684 words)

	Return to Nuclear Talks, US Urges North Korea
		The reference was to South Korea, Japan, China and Russia, which have joined the U.S. and North Korea in three rounds of talks in Beijing -- talks aimed at finding a diplomatic solution to the crisis triggered by Pyongyang's pursuit of nuclear weapons.
		North Korea responded at the time by saying the statements were an attempt to justify a policy of aggression.
		North Korea admits having reprocessed spent plutonium rods into weapons-grade material and claims to have a nuclear "deterrent." It denies U.S. claims about a separate uranium-based program.
	www.infowars.com /articles/world/nk_us_urges_return_to_nuke_talks.htm (827 words)

	North Korea: The Bigger (Non-Nuclear) Threat - Popular Mechanics
		The extent of North Korea's completely operational biochemical warfare program is widely known and frequently assessed by the U.S. and its allies, as well as many non-proliferation organizations such as the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, based in The Hague in the Netherlands.
		The Center for Nonproliferation Studies says North Korea ranks "amongst the largest possessors of chemical weaponry in the world." South Korea's military estimates half of North's long-range missiles and 30 percent of its artillery are CBW capable.
		North Korea's threadbare economy (it has a GDP of $40 billion - compare that to California's gross state product on $1.55 trillion per year) is incapable of maintaining an effective nuclear weapons program.
	www.popularmechanics.com /technology/military_law/4199791.html (1059 words)

	UN unwilling to take a stand: US-N. Korea row -DAWN - International; December 29, 2002
		North Korea openly defied the United States this week by not only declaring its intention to revive its long dormant nuclear weapons programme but also threatening to expel the two UN arms inspectors who have been monitoring its nuclear facilities.
		The IAEA head described as “worrying” a decision by North Korea to open the sealed doors of a nuclear reactor that was shut down in 1994 as part of an agreement with the United States.
		While inspectors have found no evidence of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq, the administration of President George W. Bush says that the country’s recent incomplete declaration of its weapons programmes could be considered a ‘material breach’ of the UN resolution and justify military action against the country.
	www.dawn.com /2002/12/29/int9.htm (833 words)

	What Surprise? (washingtonpost.com)
		North Korea's declaration that it possesses nuclear weapons and intends to hold on to its nuclear arsenal "under any circumstances" was greeted with shock and astonishment in much of the world.
		North Korea has already used the threat of having weapons of mass destruction to extract de facto international extortion payments from the United States and its allies, and to force the United States to "engage" Pyongyang diplomatically, on Pyongyang's terms.
		North Korea's nuclear weapons program, in short, may be its best hope for achieving its dual objectives of breaking the U.S.-South Korea military alliance and pushing American troops off the peninsula.
	www.washingtonpost.com /wp-dyn/articles/A61635-2005Feb28.html (1039 words)

	Eric Margolis - FOREIGN CORRESPONDENT
		Now, the CIA has known since 1993 that North Korea had at least 2-3 nuclear weapons and 5,000 tons of poison gas and germs, plus the missiles and artillery to deliver them onto Seoul, the 37,000 US troops in South Korea, all of Japan, and US bases in Okinawa and Guam.
		North Korea's `Dear Leader,' Kim Jong-il, with his alarming bouffant hairdo, pot belly, and weird, khaki jump suits looks and acts like a hostile alien from outer space in a cheesy Japanese sci-fi film.
		North Korea has repeatedly threatened to `burn' Seoul and its 7 million inhabitants, as well as the US 2nd Infantry Division on the DMZ, with chemical and perhaps biological weapons.
	www.bigeye.com /102402.htm (731 words)

	CNN.com - British call for N. Korea blockade - Jun. 19, 2003
		North Korea, through the state-run KCNA news agency, on Wednesday acknowledged it has a nuclear weapons program and said it will never give it up without U.S. concessions.
		North Korea has stood firm in the face of calls from the international community to curtail its pursuit of weapons of mass destruction.
		The initiative was not specifically aimed at North Korea but Australian officials say Pyongyang is a clear example of the sort of case in which it would apply.
	edition.cnn.com /2003/WORLD/asiapcf/east/06/18/nkorea/index.html (744 words)

	CDI Russia Weekly #198 - Russia, China, North Korea, Weapons of Mass Destruction Proliferation, CIA Director Tenet
		Russian entities are providing other countries with technology and expertise applicable to chemical, biological and nuclear weapons as well as to ballistic missile and cruise missile projects, he said.
		North Korea continues to export complete ballistic missiles and production capabilities, he said.
		Tenet said North Korea has abided by the terms of a 1994 Framework agreement that sought to freeze its nuclear weapons program.
	www.cdi.org /russia/198-5.cfm (312 words)

	AEI - Short Publications
		North Korea is a middling power that, with the exception of South Korea, has neither the intention of or capability for territorial expansion.
		North Korea has formidable military capabilities which make its threats to turn Seoul and Tokyo into “seas of fire” an effective tool of intimidation.[22] So long as such gruesome imagery captures the popular imagination, the leadership in Pyongyang would be justified in discounting the credibility of a U.S. containment policy that hinges on retaliation.
		North Korea’s development of nuclear weapons is one of the most vexing foreign policy problems that the Bush administration faces.
	www.aei.org /publications/pubID.22817,filter.all/pub_detail.asp (5054 words)

	CNN.com - N. Korea: We've built more nukes - Mar 21, 2005
		The extent of North Korea's nuclear capability is not widely known as its supposed devices have not been tested.
		North Korea has frequently claimed it would increase its nuclear deterrent in response to the perceived threat of invasion by the United States, but the Monday announcement appeared to be the first time Pyongyang has claimed actually to have done so.
		The United States, Russia, Japan, South Korea and China began a joint diplomatic effort with North Korea in 2003 aimed at persuading Pyongyang to abandon its nuclear program, but it has been stalled since North Korea refused to attend the last scheduled round of talks in September.
	www.cnn.com /2005/WORLD/asiapcf/03/21/northkorea.nukes/index.html (598 words)

	End Clinton's Aid to North Korea by Rep. Chris Cox - HUMAN EVENTS
		North Korea was now promising anew to live up to its original broken promises—but this time for additional valuable consideration in the form of unprecedented U.S. aid.
		It was in the face of this that North Korea admitted that it had been violating its promises to its neighbors and to the United States all along.
		It is ironic that despite U.S. intelligence assessments which for years have warned of North Korea’s nuclear weapons efforts, only the recent word of the North Korean government was considered by apologists for the Clinton policy to be sufficiently trustworthy evidence that their cherished Agreed Framework has always been a delusion.
	www.humanevents.com /article.php?id=815 (1634 words)

	Hello Korea!
		North Korea possesses 12 chemical weapons facilities, producing 4 500 tons of chemical weapons per year, with wartime production capacity estimated at 12 000 tons per year.
		North Korea has not signed the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), and has stationed artillery systems capable of effectively delivering chemical weapons near the DMZ (and within range of Seoul).
		Though North Korea has signed the Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BWC) in 1987, is is believed to have a biological weapons program dating from either the the early 1980s (NTI) or the 1960s (CIA) that has produced anthrax bacteria, botulinum toxin, and plague bacteria.
	www.earlham.edu /~cornemo/projects/Korea/nk-wmd.html (558 words)

	Then There Were 2 - Council on Foreign Relations
		Iraq, North Korea and Iran, he declared last year, had governments so dangerous and aggressive that they could not be permitted to acquire nuclear weapons.
		The best solution to the problem that North Korean and Iranian nuclear ambitions pose is to change the regimes that govern the two countries, just as the March war ousted Hussein from power.
		So while North Korea and Iran pose serious problems for the United States, in contrast to Iraq neither American troops nor American taxpayers are likely to be required to play a major role in solving them.
	www.cfr.org /publication/6078/then_there_were_2.html (934 words)

	North Korea a Greater Danger than Iraq, Chinese Researchers Tell UCLA Seminar, UCLA International Institute
		A delegation from the prestigious Shanghai Institute of International Studies told UCLA scholars October 28 that North Korea's nuclear program is a greater danger to world stability than the Saddam Hussein regime in Iraq, but they advocated peaceful means to defuse the threat.
		According to the delegates, the admission is North Korea’s way of opening the door for dialogue with the United States.
		North Korea’s admission has certainly assured that it (along with Iraq) has moved front-and-center on the foreign policy agenda in Washington.
	www.isop.ucla.edu /article.asp?parentid=2470 (1398 words)

	North Korea and weapons of mass destruction - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		North Korea claims to possess nuclear weapons, and it is widely believed to have a substantial arsenal of chemical weapons (deliverable by artillery).
		North Korea was a member of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty but withdrew in 2003, citing the failure of the United States to fulfill its end of the Agreed Framework, a 1994 agreement between the states to limit North Korea's nuclear ambitions.
		North Korea's ability to deliver weapons of mass destruction to a hypothetical target is somewhat limited by its missile technology.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/North_Korea_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction (5408 words)

	US Wants To Widen North Korea Agenda
		The plan was presented when officials from South Korea, Japan and the United States met here in January for a regular meeting to coordinate policies toward the communist state, the official said.
		North Korea on Thursday accused the United States of conducting a "smear campaign" after the US State Department listed it among the world's worst human rights offenders.
		North Korea on Wednesday threatened to end a 1994 agreement to freeze its suspected nuclear weapons program, slamming what it called an "antagonistic" US attitude.
	www.spacedaily.com /news/korea-02f.html (526 words)

	North Korea
		North Korea's second-most senior leader toured a shiny new science park in Beijing Monday, a first stop on visit aimed at finding ways to help the North's moribund economy as much as jump-starting stalled nuclear talks.
		North Korea on Monday blamed the United States for the stalemate in talks on its nuclear weapons programs, and warned it would use a ``war deterrent force'' if Washington brought the nuclear dispute before the U.N. Security Council.
		North Korea has said it would not cooperate in six-country nuclear disarmament talks with South Korea, the United States, Japan, China and Russia until the South's atomic experiments were fully dealt with.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~naomilk/blogger/blogger.html (3681 words)

	North Korea and Nuclear Proliferation
		Recent missile tests by North Korea have drawn the condemnation of the international community, expressed in the unanimous passage of United Nations Security Council Resolution sixteen-ninety-five.
		One of the real dangers we face is weapons of mass destruction in the hands of people who would like to continue to hurt us - hurt the United States or hurt Canada, hurt anybody who has the courage to stand up and embrace freedom.
		North Korea is the world's leading proliferator of ballistic missiles technology, so it is entirely appropriate for the Security Council to reaffirm Resolution fifteen-forty, which states that "the proliferation of nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons, as well as their means of delivery, constitutes a threat to international peace and security."
	www.voanews.com /uspolicy/2006-07-25-voa1.cfm (365 words)

	BakuTODAY.net - US still open to talks on North Korea weapons
		"North Korea should be at or near the top of the foreign policy agenda," the senator said.
		North Korea has shunned the six-way talks since November to protest US financial sanctions on a Macau bank accused of money laundering on its behalf.
		The UN Security Council last week unanimously adopted a resolution condemning North Korea's missile tests and applying limited sanctions, but the move was rejected by Pyongyang, which vowed to carry out further launches.
	www.bakutoday.net /view.php?d=24001 (684 words)

	Asia Times
		This conclusion is disputed by emigre groups, which contend that all North Korean vessels operate as an official arm of the government, while the families of crewmen are usually held under house arrest to ensure they don't defect.
		South Korea believes that raw opium is refined at government pharmaceutical factories, along with cocaine and methamphetamines, which were added to the consignment list in the last decade.
		Intelligence agencies in the United States have listed North Korea as the biggest global source of ballistic missiles, in a trade that nets Pyongyang at least $150 million a year from such unstable regimes as Libya, Pakistan, Iran, Syria and Yemen.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/Korea/ED29Dg01.html (1292 words)

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