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Topic: North Korean won

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	North Korea
		North Korea's capital and largest city is P'yongyang, other major cities include Kaesong[?] in the south, Sinuiju[?] in the northwest, Wonsan[?] and Hamhung[?] in the east and Chongjin[?] in the north.
		North Korea's population is one of the most ethnically and linguistically homogenous in the world, with only very small Chinese and Japanese communities.
		The Korean writing system, Hangeul, was invented in the 15th century by King Sejong to replace the system of borrowed Chinese characters, known as Hanja in Korea, which are no longer officially in use in the North.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/no/North_Korea.html (1210 words)

	Bankintroductions.com - NORTH KOREA
		North Korea is gambling on a non-aggression treaty with the United States, the goal of survival for the North Korean regime is its sole purpose.
		North Koreans living in Japan provide for massive flows of the Japanese yen 'hard' currency remittances to relatives back home in North Korea - estimated capital flow from Japan is at 5 to 10 percent of North Korea's GDP, tourism potential especially in the popular Mt. Kumgang region.
		Under the communist ideology, North Korean residents really do not require money since all of their needs were satisfied by the state distribution system once considered one of the most complete anywhere amongst the state command control economies in the world.
	www.bankintroductions.com /nkorea.html (2121 words)

	North Korean Won Stretches Definition Of 'Currency' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		Indeed in the Rajin-Sonbong trade zone in the north of the country, where the government has experimented with a free market rate, and along the Chinese borders where there is an active fl market, the rate of the won tends to be more like 200 won to the dollar, analysts say.
		North Korean residents didn't need money because all their needs were met by the state distribution system - one of the most complete anywhere in the Communist world.
		North Koreans resort to barter to meet their basic consumption needs - and increasingly just do transactions in hard currency, such as U.S. dollars, Chinese yuan or even Japanese yen.
	www2.gol.com /users/coynerhm/north_korean_won_stretches_defin.htm (852 words)

	Won
		Won (원; 圓; McCune-Reischauer wŏn; Revised Romanization: won) is the official currency used in both South Korea and North Korea.
		Historically, North and South Korean won have been divided into 100 jeon (전; 錢; McCune-Reischauer: chŏn; Revised Romanization: jeon; in North Korea, it is also Romanized jun).
		Won is also the name of a new Korean sect of Buddhism.
	www.knowledgefun.com /book/w/wo/won.html (143 words)

	Asia Times - News and analysis from Korea; North and South
		South Korea's economic overtures toward the North are designed, it is assumed, to tackle the growing morass in the North Korean economy, and in turn alleviate the suffering of the masses.
		In North Korea 61% of the population lives in urban areas, so with the price of foodstuffs rising (a one-kilogram bag of rice now costs about 30% of an average North Korean worker's monthly wage), urban dwellers, especially those outside of the capital Pyongyang, continue to grow hungry and desperate.
		With unmitigated arrogance, the North Korean leadership remains indifferent to the plight of the starving urban masses, relegating responsibility to the international community - nothing for the Dear Leader Kim Jong-il to be concerned about.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/Korea/FL02Dg01.html (1186 words)

	North Korea - Gurupedia
		North Korea was ruled from 1948 by Kim Il-sung until his death on June 8, 1994.
		North Korea's government is dominated by the communist Workers' Party of Korea (WPK), to which all government officials belong.
		The Korean writing system, Hangul, was invented in the 15th century by King Sejong the Great to replace the system of Chinese characters, known in Korea as Hanja, which are no longer officially in use in the North.
	www.gurupedia.com /n/no/north_korea.htm (1749 words)

	DPRK Briefing Book : Economy
		North Korea's autarkic, centrally planned economy has been unable to provide even subsistence for all its people: as many as 2 million North Koreans have died in famines since 1994.
		North Korea's currency has always had strict exchange controls; as of 2004 they may be the strictest in the world.
		The Korean won was a decimal currency whose first modern decimal coins had been issued in 1882.
	www.nautilus.org /DPRKBriefingBook/economy/DPRKMonetaryHistory.html (1067 words)

	North Korean won - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The wŏn became the currency of North Korea in 1945, replacing the Korean yen.
		However, North Korea made 2 varieties of foreign exchange certificates, one for visitors from "socialist countries" which were coloured red, and the other for visitors from "capitalist countries" which were coloured blue/green.
		However, rampant inflation has been eroding the North Korean wŏn's value to such an extent that currently it is believed to be worth about the same as the South Korean wŏn.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/North_Korean_won (830 words)

	North Korea travel guide - Wikitravel
		It occupies the northern half of the Korean Peninsula that lies between Korea Bay and the Sea of Japan.
		It borders China and Russia to the north and South Korea to the south.
		North Korea's long-range missile development and research into nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons and massive conventional armed forces are of major concern to the international community.
	wikitravel.org /en/North_Korea (2758 words)

	North Korea's Halfway Reform Goes Awry
		The timid efforts of the North Korean leadership to streamline the economy through price and wage increases brought little relief: the economy is in a shambles.
		Until the mid-1970s, the North was more industrialized and enjoyed a higher per capita income; however, South Korea has since transformed itself into a robust, advanced, industrialized democracy, with total trade in 2000 amounting to 139 times that of the North and GDP per capita around 13 times higher.
		Whereas East German GDP per capita was 25 percent that of West Germany’s in 1990, North Korea’s is currently 8 percent of the South’s and the gap is widening.
	www.worldbank.org /html/prddr/trans/janfebmar03/pgs1-6.htm (2370 words)

	Worldworx Travel - Safety - Asia - North Korea
		North Korea limits trade and transportation links with other countries and tightly restricts the circumstances under which foreigners may enter the country and interact with local citizens.
		Foreign visitors to North Korea may be arrested, detained or expelled for activities that would not be considered criminal outside the DPRK, including involvement in unsanctioned religious and political activities, engaging in unauthorized travel or interaction with the local population.
		North Korean security personnel, especially in cases where the Americans are originally from Korea or who are thought to understand the Korean language, may view unescorted travel by Americans inside North Korea without explicit official authorization as espionage.
	www.worldworx.tv /safety/asia/north-korea/index.htm (1355 words)

	AEI - Short Publications
		Moreover, North Korean leadership now sometimes openly describes these measures as "economic reform"--a term North Korea had vigorously rejected before, on the understanding that no reforms were needed.
		Some argue that North Korea is now at last moving toward a pragmatic economic policy, and maybe even toward a market-oriented socialism of the sort that has transformed and energized the economies of Vietnam and China.
		By the late 1980s, North Korea was already a shockingly demonetized operation: back of the envelope calculations for the year 1987 suggest that the wage bill in that year would have amounted to at most a third of North Korea's official net material product-and still less in relation to the country's GDP.
	www.aei.org /publications/filter.all,pubID.20253/pub_detail.asp (1296 words)

	TIME.com: North Korea: A Nation in the Dark -- Page 1
		But North Korean defectors say that everyone is aware that anybody caught protesting publicly will be sent to a harsh prison camp, where they will be joined by members of their family.
		North Korean propaganda for years portrayed the South as a land of beggars oppressed by a rich elite.
		North Koreans who live in the countryside may be marginally better-off than their urban cousins, because they are able forage for wild plants in the mountains and are allowed to grow vegetables on small private plots.
	www.time.com /time/world/article/0,8599,366219,00.html (1478 words)

	AsiaSource Interview with Kim Dong Won
		Kim Dong Won was born in 1955 in Seoul, South Korea.
		North Korea didn't call them "un-converted" prisoners before 2000 but now they call them "un-converted" because they were forced to convert.
		North Koreans are poor and they don't want to have that burden.
	www.asiasource.org /news/special_reports/kimdongwon.cfm (1705 words)

	Testimony: How North Korea Funds Its Regime (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		As North Korea's centralized system broke down and the state was no longer able to supply food, small social units of families; enterprises; and local, political, and military organs began to exhibit a variety of coping behaviors to obtain food.
		North Korean policymakers have continued to extend these reforms—and it would not be correct to leave you with a completely negative impression—but it is fair to say that the reforms have been a mixed bag, not delivering as expected and contributing to increasing social differentiation and inequality.
		North Korea's weapons trade has attracted considerable scrutiny, though it is arguably not "illicit." North Korea sells missiles and base technologies that for them fall under the Missile Technology Control Regime, but it is not party to that agreement.
	www.iie.com /publications/papers/paper.cfm?ResearchID=629 (2333 words)

	North Korean Won and North Korean currency information including currency exchange rates
		The North Korean won, denoted by KPW, is the official currency used in North Korea.
		North Korea has in the past issued whole series of notes in which the designs are exactly the same, right down to color, only the denomination being different.
		North Korea was able to escape mass starvation due to international food aid deliveries, however the malnutrition and deteriorating living conditions remain prevalent throughout the population.
	www.gocurrency.com /countries/north_korea.htm (639 words)

	North Korea: Labor Rights at Risk in Joint Industrial Complex (Human Rights Watch, 2-10-2006) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		The North Korean government wrote this law after consulting with the Hyundai Asan Corporation, the unit of the South Korean conglomerate Hyundai Group that is in charge of developing the complex.
		North Korea is a party to four main international human rights treaties: the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women; and the Convention on the Rights of the Child.
		North Korea should allow South Korean companies to pay the workers directly in cash, as stipulated in the KIC Labor Law, and it should amend the Labor Law to meet international labor standards and ensure the law is effectively enforced.
	hrw.org /english/docs/2006/10/02/nkorea14284.htm (828 words)

	keyetv.com - U.S.: North Korean 'Threat' Won't Work (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		Martin said the blast in northwest North Korea on Monday was about 1/60th the size of the nuclear explosion that leveled Hiroshima at the end of World War II.
		North Korea celebrated a holiday Tuesday marking the 61st anniversary of the Workers' Party of Korea.
		China canceled leave for its soldiers along the North Korean border and some units were conducting anti-chemical weapons drills, the pro-Beijing Wen Wei Po reported in Hong Kong.
	keyetv.com /topstories/topstories_story_283072939.html (1422 words)

	Calculator for North Korean Won (KPW) Currency Exchange Rate Conversion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		Enter the amount to be converted in the box to the left of the currency and press the "convert" button.
		The North Korean Won is the currency in North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea, KP, PRK).
		The North Korean Won is divided into 100 chon.
	coinmill.com /KPW_calculator.html (327 words)

	North Korean 100 Won Note from Korean War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		In 1950-51 while I was there the exchange rate was 6,000 Won to the U.S. Dollar.
		I used a 1,000 South Korean bill to pay for a haircut and shave and received 970 Won in exchange.
		The Korean Language has only 24 letters and was easy for me to learn.
	www.paulnoll.com /Korea/War/money-NK-100.html (242 words)

	Asia Times - News and analysis from Korea; North and South
		While North Korea's first tentative steps toward economic liberalization have been cautiously lauded by the world, the reality is that they have opened the way to further disaster.
		For the average North Korean, who probably has no access to hard currency, this is a moot point.
		However, the Bank of (South) Korea estimates that there is twice as much hard currency in circulation as won in the North, mostly in the hands of the political elite, so this has significantly insulated them from the huge erosion of purchasing power due to the reforms and played to their benefit.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/Korea/EJ22Dg01.html (1507 words)

	Allied Banknotes PSYOP of the Korean War
		One of the officers of the boat crews who took the agents north told me that the counterfeits were received in "bales." He said that they were used in a dual operation, both to distribute in North Korea in an attempt to destroy their economy, and to be used by U.N. agents behind enemy lines.
		The reverse consisted of the one won note border, the Republic of Korea National Flag in full color, a message indicating it was a Safe Conduct Pass, and the signature of the Chairman of the Joint Military Staff, Republic of Korea Armed Forces.
		The idea for using a North Korean one won note was to enable the target audience to "hide" the bill by placing it in with other bills.
	www.psywarrior.com /KoreaSCP.html (6314 words)

	English to Korean translation information
		Korean language can be used to show politeness and formality in differing degrees.
		The degree of politeness used is based on the other person’s position (age, job, degree of familiarity etc) There are at least 7 different levels of verb paradigms that can be used to show the degree of formality or respect in a situation.
		The Korean system (identical to the Chinese system) is also used.
	www.a2ztranslate.com /koreantranslation.asp (353 words)

	kutv.com - U.S.: North Korean 'Threat' Won't Work (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		(CBS News) BEIJING The Bush administration rejected anew Tuesday direct talks with North Korea and said it would not be intimidated by a reported threat from Pyongyang that it could fire a nuclear-tipped missile unless the U.S. acts to resolve the standoff.
		A South Korean envoy, returning to Seoul from Beijing, said Tuesday that China appeared to be leaning toward backing strong U.N. measures.
		Never the less, former State Department official Joel Witt told Martin that the North Korean test big enough to have its desired effect.
	kutv.com /topstories/topstories_story_283072939.html (1394 words)

	U.S. Envoy Calls for More Radio News Broadcasts into North Korea
		Although radios are controlled by the regime and fixed to a single propaganda channel, there is evidence from North Korean defectors that indicate the number of radios smuggled from abroad might have increased substantially, Lefkowitz said.
		With more information, the North Korean people increasingly will learn that just to the south there is a vibrant and free democracy, he said.Â North Koreans also will learn that they do not live in a socialist paradise.
		Lefkowitz said North Korean refugees are "neglected" and "are not treated with the dignity and respect they deserve."Â He cited the case of Kim Chun-Hee, a North Korean woman whom China repatriated despite efforts from the United States, South Korea and the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) to raise the case with Chinese authorities.
	tokyo.usembassy.gov /e/p/tp-20060428-09.html (556 words)

	Bleak Tales of Army Life in North Korea - Pravda.Ru
		For Baek, now in her late 20s, the North Korean Army meant status, and a cause she loved.
		Her favorite was "My Hometown," a North Korean ballad of a soldier who goes home after the war, sees his town in shambles, and works hard to rebuild it.
		She never ate beef until she came to South Korea; cows are a precious commodity in the North, and are owned by the state.
	english.pravda.ru /mailbox/22/98/387/9965_nkorea.html (1451 words)

	Convert North Korean Won (KPW) and Macau Patacas (MOP): Currency Exchange Rate Conversion Calculator (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-04)
		North Korean Won (KPW) and Macau Pataca (MOP) Currency Exchange Rate Conversion Calculator
		Rate table - See a chart of currency rates between North Korean Won and Macau Patacas.
		RSS Feed - The Macau Patacas and North Korean Won exchange rate delivered to your personal home page.
	coinmill.com /KPW_MOP.html (396 words)

	North Korean Economy Watch » 2001 » May
		PYONGYANG — At the foreign exchange counter at the self-proclaimed ‘deluxe’ Koryo Hotel, an electronic screen posts the daily rate of the North Korean won against various international currencies.
		You are currently browsing the North Korean Economy Watch weblog archives for May, 2001.
		North Korean Economy Watch is proudly powered by WordPress
	www.nkeconwatch.com /2001/05 (1200 words)

	Worldpress.org - Korea, North Profile
		While U.S. leaders worry about the security implications of the Kim Jong Il regime's illicit activities, South Koreans have been bracing themselves for a transition that many ardently desire.
		“As North Korea further increased its isolation from the world community last week by announcing its withdrawal from six-party disarmament talks, the focus has now fallen on China to press Pyongyang to return to the negotiating table.” Rich Bowden reports.
		Time is against South Korea and the United States in their negotiations with North Korea, World Press Review correspondent David Scofield reports from Seoul.
	www.worldpress.org /profiles/Korea,_north.cfm (531 words)

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