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Topic: Northern Bobwhite

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	bobwhite - Encyclopedia.com
		Bobwhites are hunted as game birds and are often called quail or partridge; they can be raised on farms and multiply rapidly under protection.
		Northern bobwhite quail sparks memories of summer in the country.
		Sparrows (Passer domesticus) and Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus).
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-bobwhite.html (1148 words)

	Bobwhite Quail Management
		Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) are found throughout the Central and eastern United States from Minnesota and Massachusetts south to Florida and the Gulf Coast; and from Wyoming and southern Ontario, Mexico, parts of Central America, and Cuba.
		Northern Bobwhite also are dependent upon "edges" where they can move quickly between nesting, watering, and feeding habitats, and escape cover, such that changing from one activity to another constitutes a quick walk or flight of a few seconds duration.
		Northern Bobwhite use numerous kinds of seeds, grains, green vegetation (mostly forbs), berries, and insects for food; as many as 1,000 different plants may be included in their diet.
	www.tpwd.state.tx.us /landwater/land/habitats/high_plains/upland_game/bobwhite.phtml (2733 words)

	Bobwhite Quail (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Bobwhite Quail is a member of the group of species known as quail.
		Bobwhites are distinguished by a fl cap and fl stripe behind the eye along the head.
		Bobwhites were previously classed with the Old World quails in the pheasant family Phasianidae, but are not particularly closely related and are now given their own family, Odontophoridae.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/bobwhite_quail (413 words)

	norhtern bobwhite
		Young Northern Bobwhites can fly two or three weeks after they are born.
		Predators of bobwhites include: Raccoon, Red Fox, snakes, owls, hawks, Virginia Opossum, Eastern Chipmunk, Eastern Gray Squirrel, Common Crow, Blue Jay, Striped Skunk, Eastern Mole, and Woodchuck.
		Northern Bobwhite are one of the most popular gamebirds and many are hunted and eaten each year.
	www.fcps.k12.va.us /StratfordLandingES/Ecology/mpages/northern_bobwhite.htm (399 words)

	Northern Bobwhite
		The Masked Bobwhite, a subspecies found in southern Arizona prior to 1900, is a rufous-bellied form with dark head and faint supercilium.
		The covey is the primary social unit for the Bobwhite outside of the breeding season.
		Bobwhites typically have two daily foraging sessions, one in the morning and again in the late afternoon to dusk.
	www.shawcreekbirdsupply.com /northern_bobwhite_info.htm (573 words)

	Meet the Bobwhite Quail
		Bobwhite numbers peaked during the mid-1800s in northern states and from around 1890 to the mid1940s in the Southeast, and then began a consistent and drastic decline.
		Bobwhites are what ecologists refer to as an r-selected species, which means they are subject to high annual mortality rates but are able to offset this mortality with high reproductive rates.
		Though other factors cloud the bobwhite quail picture, changing land use practices and patterns have reduced bobwhite habitat quantity and quality, and unless active management is pursued at both the micro- and macro-habitat levels, we may never see the abundant bobwhite populations of yesteryear.
	www.quailforever.org /page/QuailBiology.jsp (1634 words)

	Wildlife Viewing - Species Spotlight - Northern Bobwhite
		The Northern bobwhite, sometimes called bobwhite quail, is one of the signature species of upland long leaf pine forests.
		The Northern bobwhite is a medium-sized, round-bodied bird with a short tail and neck.
		Bobwhites feed and roost in flocks (coveys) of 8 to 25 birds.
	www.floridaconservation.org /viewing/species/bobwhite.htm (253 words)

	G9431 Ecology of Northern Bobwhite Quail in Missouri, MU Extension
		However, the primary cause for this decline is deteriorating bobwhite habitat quality due to advanced natural succession of the plant community, intensive use of monocultures, larger field sizes within the agricultural landscape, reduced use of prescribed fire, the extensive use of exotic grasses (e.g., tall fescue and smooth brome), and increased urban sprawl.
		Bobwhites are a prolific species and can respond rapidly to habitat management; however, it is important to recognize that the magnitude of the population response is not only directly related to the intensity of management on a particular tract of land but also to the creation and maintenance of suitable cover on surrounding lands.
		Bobwhites have adapted to survive and flourish under habitat conditions that favor early-successional stages of plant vegetation, whether under the open canopy of a pine or hardwood forest, around cultivated areas, or on lands that are actively grazed.
	extension.missouri.edu /explore/agguides/wildlife/g09431.htm (4839 words)

	Wildlife Viewing - Species Spotlight - Bobwhite
		The Northern bobwhite, sometimes called bobwhite quail, is one of the signature species of upland long leaf pine forests.
		The Northern bobwhite is a medium-sized, round-bodied bird with a short tail and neck.
		Bobwhites feed and roost in flocks (coveys) of 8 to 25 birds.
	myfwc.com /viewing/species/bobwhite.htm (258 words)

	Northern Bobwhite
		The bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) which received its name from a distinct, whistled "bobwhite" call is a small, but plump bird that measures 8-11 inches in length and weighs around 6-7 ounces (Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, 1998).
		The body feathers of the bobwhite are reddish-brown in color that are mottled with fl and white spots with a tail that is gray (Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, 1998).
		In male bobwhites, the throat is white and a white stripe extends from the bill over the eye to the base of the neck.
	www.rw.ttu.edu /sp_accounts/bobwhite/default.htm (200 words)

	Missouri Department of Conservation Strategic Guidance for Northern Bobwhite Recovery 2003-2013
		Bobwhite are also a prominent part of national initiatives of the International Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies and the Southeastern Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies including the Resident Game Bird Working Group, the North American Bird Conservation Initiative, and the Northern Bobwhite Conservation Initiative.
		With Missouri's bobwhite population and hunting tradition on a long-term decline, and with formidable obstacles to restoration, it is imperative that the public be aware of alternatives for the species' future.
		Bobwhite are prey for most of Missouri's resident and migratory predators, and the species' diverse food choices (includes forage, fruit, mast, seeds and arthropods) render them sensitive to changes in ecosystem function.
	mdc.mo.gov /landown/wild/quail/strategy (7119 words)

	Bobwhite Quails, Northern Bobwhites, or Virginia Quails
		The Bobwhite Quail, Northern Bobwhite, or Virginia Quail, Colinus virginianus, is a ground-dwelling bird native to North America.
		Bobwhites are distinguished by a fl cap and fl stripe behind the eye along the head.
		Bobwhites were previously classed with the Old World quails in the pheasant family Phasianidae, but are not particularly closely related.
	www.avianweb.com /bobwhites.html (459 words)

	Birds, Familiar: Northern Bobwhite, Life Histories of North American Birds, A.C. Bent
		Bobwhite is one of the farmer's best friends; his economic status is wholly beneficial; he is not known to be injurious to any of our crops, as what grain he eats is mostly waste grain, picked up in the stubble fields after the crops are harvested.
		Nesting.--The bobwhite's nest is a very simple affair, but artfully concealed and seldom found, except by accident, as the bird is a very close sitter and usually does not leave the nest until almost trodden upon.
		One of the strangest calls of bobwhites, and a very important one from the standpoint of their preservation, is the fine cheeping 'p-s-i-e-u, p-s-i-e-u, p-s-i-e-u' call, uttered by adults and their baby chicks in unison as the brood is stumbled upon by man or beast.
	home.bluemarble.net /~pqn/ch1-10/bobwhite.html (8375 words)

	EFFECTS OF ACUTE THERMAL STRESS ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM OF THE NORTHERN BOBWHITE (COLINU5 VIRGINIANUS) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) pop- ulations are very unstable at the northern mar- gin of their range (Rosene 1969), where annual overwinter declines in population size are well documented (Roseberry and Klimstra 1984).
		Reports of acute die-offs during especially cold weather (Roseberry and Klimstra 1984), cou: pied with studies of poultry that demonstrate a link between cold stress and immunity (Reg- nier and Kelly 1981), suggest that altered dis- ease resistance is a factor in explaining many of the observed demographic patterns in bob- whites.
		Northern Bobwhites frequently are ex- posed to extreme cold in much of their northern range (Stanford 1971, Roseberry and Klimstra 1984), and wind-chill equivalencies below freezing occur as far south as Texas (Lehmann 1984).
	elibrary.unm.edu /sora/Auk/v114n01/p0103-p0109.html (6012 words)

	Species HOME
		The Northern Bobwhite’s wings measure fourteen to sixteen inches in wingspan and are round and dark gray in color.
		The Northern Bobwhite’s life span is 8 to 10 years, but not many of the birds reach that life expectancy.
		The Northern Bobwhite usually likes to keep its nest along old fences, where the grass is very long and thick, and there are lots of vines.
	www.qacps.k12.md.us /bird/species/NOBO/NOBO_Home.htm (1033 words)

	Bobwhite, Colinus virginianus
		Bobwhites present no problems in captive care, and can be produced easily in modest surroundings or large aviaries.
		Bobwhite should be fed a good quality game bird ration of at least 16% protein during the non-breeding season to 20% during the laying period.
		Northern Bobwhite - Photograph of Colinus virginianus floridanus on the Wild Bird Gallery.
	www.gbwf.org /quail/bobwhite.html (767 words)

	Northern Bobwhite Species Account - Florida Breeding Bird Atlas (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Northern Bobwhite is a species that has probably benefited from human activity in Florida because it favors fields, clear-cuts, overgrown pastures, meadows, and even vacant lots.
		A look at the Atlas map reveals that the Northern Bobwhite breeds in every county in Florida; although, it is largely absent from the Everglades, the agricultural areas of Palm Beach County, and coastal Broward County.
		Northern Bobwhites are sedentary; therefore, they almost certainly breed everywhere they are recorded as a "possible" or "probable" breeder.
	wld.fwc.state.fl.us /bba/nobo.htm (373 words)

	KY: Kentucky Dept Fish and Wildlife - Northern Bobwhite Quail Initiative to Improve Quail Populations
		The goal of the initiative is to increase the population of northern bobwhite quail by 2.7 million coveys.
		The Northern Bobwhite Quail Initiative grew out of findings of the Southeast Quail Study Group, a collection of 100 wildlife professionals formed in 1995 to identify reasons for the serious decline in northern bobwhite quail numbers.
		Northern bobwhite quail populations dropped 65 percent throughout its range in the last 20 years, mainly in the southeastern United States.
	www.kdfwr.state.ky.us /110104b.asp?lid=1023&NavPath=C287 (475 words)

	Sherpa Guides \| Georgia \| The Natural Georgia Series \| Fire Forest \| Northern Bobwhite Quail: A Southern Legacy
		Longleaf pine forests are the native habitat of the Northern bobwhite because of the food and cover provided by this ecosystem.
		The Northern bobwhite, known for its whistled call of "bob-white", is a small- to medium-sized quail, averaging 8.5 to 10.5 inches high.
		Wild coveys of Northern bobwhites can be found throughout Georgia, although the highest densities are found in the Coastal Plain and particularly in the Upper Coastal Plain, which encompasses parts of central and southwest Georgia.
	www.sherpaguides.com /georgia/fire_forest/creature_feature (4535 words)

	Northern Bobwhite
		Northern bobwhite made up 0.3% of the total breeding bird numbers in the study area those years.
		Northern bobwhite prefers areas of about 50% exposed ground and 50% herbaceous and wooded vegetation (Rosene 1969); each covey requires one to three shrub thickets 0.05 to 0.2 ha in size.
		However, loss of northern bobwhite in Illinois was correlated with the quality of their habitat, especially the availability of grain foods (Roseberry 1964).
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/birds/platte/species/colivirg.htm (551 words)

	Northern Bobwhite Quail - Mt. Bullion Gamebirds
		Native to the Northern states they are very cold hardy and in the wild form large coveys, up to 30 in a covey, which when disturbed flush beautifully.
		Bobwhite Quail are quite easy to identify compared to most other Quail species.
		Bobwhite Quail are mature at 6 weeks of age.
	www.mtbulliongamebirds.com /northerbobwhitequail.html (169 words)

	Bobwhite's Best Friend: Minnesota DNR
		The bobwhite is a bird of the edges -- edges of fields, edges of streams, edges of woods.
		Bobwhite quail in Minnesota share similarities with the Ford Model A -- both had their heydays in the late 1920s and early 1930s.
		During the past 25 years, bobwhite quail populations have declined 60 to 80 percent in most of the 35 states where the species is native, according to Quail Forever.
	www.dnr.state.mn.us /volunteer/julaug07/bobwhite.html (1263 words)

	Species:
		Northern bobwhite tend to avoid areas with dense tree and shrub cover [2,10,16].
		Northern bobwhite nest in shallow depressions on the ground in areas where density of grasses and forbs is moderate [2,15].
		Northern bobwhite roost in coveys (formations of birds in a circle) in thick vegetation during winter [16].
	www.fs.fed.us /database/feis/wildlife/bird/covi/all.html (1883 words)

	National Audubon Society - Birds in Decline: Northern Bobwhite
		The Northern Bobwhite has been used extensively for nearly 80 years in laboratory research to study the behavioral and physiological effects of pesticides on wildlife.
		The disappearance of suitable bobwhite habitat, due to large-scale agriculture, intensive pine-plantation forestry, and development, is the most dominant threat to the long-term survival of these common grassland birds.
		The Northern Bobwhite Conservation Initiative, formed to help bobwhites and other grassland birds, is beginning to reverse declines of bobwhite habitat.
	www.audubon.org /bird/stateofthebirds/CBID/profile.php?id=1 (564 words)

	Wildlife Trends
		Bobwhite numbers peaked during the mid-1800s in northern states and from around 1890 to the midÂ1940s in the Southeast, and then began a slow decline.
		Though other factors cloud the bobwhite quail picÂture, changing land use practices and patterns have reduced bobwhite habitat quantity and quality, and unÂless active management is pursued at both the micro-and macro-habitat levels, we may never see the abundant bobwhite populations of yesteryear.
		Bobwhite enthusiasts interested in associating with the SEQSG may be included on the mailing list by payÂment of annual dues of $15 to SEQSG, 219 SummerÂside Avenue, Lockhart, TX 78644.
	www.wildlifetrends.com /quail.cfm (1580 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Northern bobwhite are an economically and ecologically important species that is declining across its entire North American range, including South Carolina.
		Bobwhite are potentially vulnerable to both indirect and direct fire ant impacts, including predation, competition for invertebrate food sources, irritation affecting feeding and resting behavior, disruption of seed availability and the effects of non-lethal envenomization.
		Scope of Investigation: We are investigating the impact of fire ants on northern bobwhite by combining empirical analysis of historic bobwhite population trends with laboratory experiments and field manipulations assessing the impact of fire ants on bobwhite populations and insect availability.
	entweb.clemson.edu /fireant/ifaresch/allen2.htm (533 words)

	Northern Bobwhite Habitat Evaluation in Virginia
		Northern Bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) are a small and exciting game bird associated with agricultural lands, edges between habitat types, young pine plantations, and mature pine stands that have been extensively thinned to allow light penetration to the forest floor.
		The Virginia Bobwhite Quail Management Plan was implemented in 1996 to slow and stop the current population declines in Virginia.
		I used a 4-year average of northern bobwhite call count data in conjunction with the remotely-sensed habitat maps to study landscape-level habitat associations.
	fwie.fw.vt.edu /www/projects/quail/quail.html (712 words)

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