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Topic: Northern Dobruja

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	Dobruja - Free net encyclopedia
		Dobruja, or sometimes Dobrudja (Dobrogea in Romanian, Р”РѕР±СЂСѓРґР¶Р°—transliterated Dobrudzha—in Bulgarian, Dobruca in Turkish), is the territory between the lower Danube river and the Black Sea, including the Danube Delta, Romanian coast and the northernmost part of the Bulgarian coast.
		In 118 emperor Hadrianus intervened in the region to calm the rebellion of the Sarmatians.
		According to the December 1899 census, the population of Northern Dobruja consisted of 118,919 (46%) Romanians, 38,439 (14%) Bulgarians, 28,670 (11%) Tatars, 12,146 (4%) Turks, 13,680 (5%) Ruthenians, 12,801 (5%) Lipovans, 8,566 (3%) Germans and 8,445 (3%) Greeks, from a total of 258,242.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/Dobruja (3891 words)

	Dobruja - Information at Halfvalue.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Dobruja, or sometimes Dobrudja (Dobrogea in Romanian, Ð”Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐ´Ð¶Ð°â”transliterated Dobrudzhaâ”in Bulgarian, Dobruca in Turkish, and Î”Î¿Î²ÏÎ¿ÏÏÏÎ¬â”transliterated Dovroutsaâ”in Greek), is an informal region shared by Bulgaria and Romania, located between the lower Danube river and the Black Sea, including the Danube Delta, Romanian coast and the northernmost part of the Bulgarian coast.
		Dobruja became part of the client kingdom of the Odrysians, while the Greek cities on the coast came under direct rule of the governor of Macedonia.
		Dobruja was held by the Second Bulgarian Empire during the reigns of Ivan Asen II and Theodore Svetoslav.
	www.halfvalue.com /wiki.jsp?topic=Dobruja (4229 words)

	[No title]
		In 986, the southern part of Dobruja was included in the Bulgarian state of Samuil, while the northern part remained under Byzantine rule, being reorganized in an autonomous klimata.
		Dobruja was held by the Second Bulgarian Empire during the reigns of Ivan Asen II
		At the beginning of the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, most of Dobruja's population was composed of Turks and Tatars, but during the war a large part of the Muslim population was evacuated to Bulgaria and Turkey.
	stron.frm.pl /wiki.php?title=Dobruja (5037 words)

	Dobruja - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Dobruja comprises a low coastal strip and a hilly and forested inland.
		Dobruja's original inhabitants were conquered in the 6th cent.
		In 1878 the Congress of Berlin awarded N Dobruja to Romania and a strip of land later known as S Dobruja to Bulgaria.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-dobruja.html (456 words)

	Dobruja, also Dobroja or Dobrogea, historic region, southeastern Europe, in northeastern Bulgaria and southeastern ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Originally part of the Roman Empire, later of the Byzantine Empire, and after the 15th century, a province of the Ottoman Empire, Dobruja was the battleground of the Russo-Turkish wars of the 18th and 19th centuries.
		Northern Dobruja was granted to Romania by the terms of the Treaty of Berlin following the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78, and southern Dobruja was given to the newly created principality of Bulgaria.
		Ceded to Romania under the terms of the Treaty of Bucharest concluding the Balkan Wars of 1912-13 and again by the Treaty of Neuilly in 1919, southern Dobruja was returned to Bulgaria by Hitler in September 1940 (the Treaty of Craiova).
	members.tripod.com /mihairadu/Dobruja.html (209 words)

	dobruja (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Two Getae tribes, the Crobyzi and Terizi, were mentioned on the territory of present Dobruja by Hekataios of Miletus (540-470 BC).In 514/512 BC King Darius I of Persia subdued the Getae living in the region during his expedition against Scythians living north of the Danube.
		Balik/Balica and Theodore died during the confrontations, Dobrotitsa/Dobrotici becoming the new ruler.Between 1352 and 1359, with the fall of Golden Horde rule in Northern Dobruja, a new state appeared, under Tatar prince Demetrius, who claimed to be the protector of the mouths of the Danube.
		Moreover, in the spring of 1395 Mircea regained the lost Dobrujan territories, with the help of its Hungarian allies.The third Ottoman occupation of Dobruja lasted from 1397 to 1404, although in 1401 an Ottoman army was heavily defeated by Mircea in Dobruja.
	www.hottraveloffers.com /wiki/?title=Dobruja (3893 words)

	Dobruja (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		According to Bulgarian historian Liubomir Miletich, most Bulgarians living in Northern Dobruja in 1900 were nineteenth century settlers or their descendants [8].
		Dobruja Southern Dobruja Southern Dobruja Ethnicity 1910 1930 All 282,007 378,344 Bulgarian 134,355 (47.6%) 143,209 (37.9%) Romanian 6,348 (2.3%) 77,726 (20.6%) Turkish 106,568 (37.8%) 129,025 (34.1%) Tatar 11,718 (4.2%) n/a (1.2%) Gypsies 12,192 (4.3%) n/a (0.8%)
		In 1881, the principality was raised to a kingdom and...
	easy-credit-card.rubylq2.com /Dobruja (4544 words)

	Dobruja - Wikipedia Mirror
		In 15 AD the Roman province of Moesia is formed, but Dobruja, under the name Ripa Thraciae remained part of the Odrysian kingdom, while Greek cities on the coast formed Praefectura orae maritimae.
		In 46 AD Thracia became Roman province and the territories of present Dobruja were absorbed into the province of Moesia.
		According to Bulgarian historian Liubomir Miletich, most Bulgarians living in Northern Dobruja in 1900 were nineteenth century settlers or their descendants Liubomir Miletich, Старото българско население в северо-източна България.
	www.wiki-mirror.be /index.php?title=Dobruja (3877 words)

	Romania - Search View - MSN Encarta
		The Eastern Carpathians extend from the northern border to the center of the country and contain the forested region of Bukovina; the Southern Carpathians, also known as the Transylvanian Alps, stretch westward from the Eastern Carpathian range; and the Western Carpathians traverse the western portion of Romania.
		The small region of Dobruja, located in the extreme southeast between the Danube River and the Black Sea, is home to fertile croplands and coastal tourist resorts.
		Temperatures are generally cooler in the mountains, while the hottest areas in summer are the lowlands of Walachia, Moldavia, and Dobruja.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761559516__1/Romania.html (9611 words)

	Properties for sale in Dobrich Bulgaria. Dobrich properties.
		Dobrich is the biggest city of a historical province called South Dobruja, a large fertile plain south of the Danube.
		After liberation from the Ottoman Empire, the Dobruja was divided - the northern part became Romanian, the southern part Bulgarian territory.
		In 1916, Bulgaria occupied the northern part to unite the region.
	www.bulgarianpropertiesbg.com /Dobrich_63.html (378 words)

	Romania - Printer-friendly - MSN Encarta
		After the signing of the German-Soviet pact in 1939, Romania was forced to cede part of Transylvania to Hungary and to give Bessarabia and northern Bukovina to the USSR.
		Southern Dobruja was returned to Bulgaria soon afterwards.
		By the terms of the armistice agreement, Romania lost northern Bukovina and Bessarabia to the Soviet Union and recovered northern Transylvania from Hungary.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761559516___78/Romania.html (4173 words)

	Qwika - similar:Bukovina
		The Palace of Culture The Chernivtsi University Olha Kobylyanska street Chernivtsi Theatre Chernivtsi (Ukrainian: Чернівці; Romanian: Cernăuţi; German: Czernowitz or Tschernowitz; Polish: Czerniowce; Hungarian: Csernovic; Yiddish: Tshernovits; Russian: Черновцы́, Chernovtsy) is a city in Northern Bukovina, Ukraine, capital of the Chernivtsi Oblast.
		Old map of Bessarabia Bessarabia or Bessarabiya (Basarabia in Romanian, Besarabya in Turkish) was the name by which the Imperial Russia designated the eastern part of the principality of Moldavia annexed by Russia in 1812.
		Map of Romania with Oltenia highlighted Oltenia or Lesser Wallachia is a historical province of Romania.
	www.qwika.com /rels/Bukovina (1347 words)

	Bessarabia
		Then, in 582, Kuturgur Hun Bulgars settled in southern Bessarabia and northern Dobruja, from which they moved to Moesia under pressure from the Magyars and formed the nascent region of Bulgaria.
		In 1538, the central and northern parts of Bessarabia, as part of the principality of Moldavia was formally a vassal of the Ottoman Empire.
		Bessarabia's northern and southern districts (largely inhabited by Romanians and some Ukrainians and Germans) were exchanged with parts of Transnistria (the districts on the left or eastern bank of the Dniestr, largely inhabited today by Ukrainians and Russians).
	articles.gourt.com /en/Bessarabia (3075 words)

	Comprehensive information and links about Romania Isaccea
		Isaccea (population: 5,614) is a small town in the Tulcea County, in Dobruja, Romania, on the right bank of the Danube, 35 km north-west of Tulcea.
		A Byzantine despotate existed in Northern Dobruja with Isaccea as its centre, which sometimes between 1332 and 1337 became a vassal of the Golden Horde of Nogais under the name "SaqÄÃ¯".
		Various types of silver and copper coins were minted, including coins bearing the mark of the Golden Horde with the names of the khans as well as the names of Nogai and his son Äeke (minted between 1296-1301).
	www.quicknation.com /Romania_Isaccea.htm (1308 words)

	History of the Balkans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Among the earliest of the Greek trading emporia were Al Mina in northern Syria and the Greek emporium at Ischia (Pithekoussai) in the Bay of Naples, both established about 800 BC.
		An ancient kingdom of northern Greece originally occupying territory north of Thessaly and northwest of the Aegean Sea.
		It was the center of a powerful empire under Philip II and his son Alexander the Great and contributed significantly to the spread of Hellenistic civilization.
	koz.vianet.ca /history_of_the_balkans.htm (13863 words)

	Bulgaria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		The Central powers placed the Northern Dobruja under joint German-Austrian-Bulgarian administration; Bulgarian hopes to gain the entire province were disappointed, Prime Minister Vasil Radoslavov resigned (June 1918).
		His successor Alexander Malinov succeeded in gaining sole control over the Northern Dobruja, a short and futile diplomatic victory.
		Tsar Ferdinand (1915-1918) is pictured in profile in front of a map of Bulgaria with Macedonia identified below and Dobruja above.
	www.danstopicals.com /bulgaria.htm (319 words)

	Brief History of Romania (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In 1859, Alexander John Cuza was chosen prince of both provinces, which were united as Romania in 1860-1861, although still formally attached to the Ottoman Empire.
		In 1877 Romania joined Russia in war against the Ottoman Empire and in 1878 became totally independent, but it had to cede all claims on Bessarabia to Russia in exchange for which it obtained northern Dobruja (coast of Black sea south of the delta of the Danube river).
		In 1940, Romania ceded Bessarabia to the USSR and was forced by Hungary and Bulgaria, German allies, to cede part of Transylvania and northern Dobruja respectively.
	www.worldhistoryplus.com /history/r/Romania_brief.htm (888 words)

	A Chronology of World Political History (1901 - 1920 C.E.)
		On.8.10 the belligerents signed the Treaty of Bucharest whereby Romania acquired northern Dobruja and Macedonia was divided into three parts: Vardar Macedonia belonged to Serbia; Pirin Macedonia belonged to Bulgaria and Aegean Macedonia belonged to Greece.
		Britain united Southern Nigeria and Northern Nigeria as the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria.
		Bukovina in northern Romania declared independence from Austria and established the Bukovina Regime, which was annexed into Romania on.12.31 of the same year.
	www.geocities.com /kfzhouy/Chron/Chron14e.html (6229 words)

	The Apostolic Empire: Hungary's War Aims During World War One (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		Roumania's coastal province of northern Dobruja was claimed by the tsar Ferdinand, while the Magyars demanded a Black Sea border.
		Tiring of this, Mackensen managed to keep northern Dobruja under his military government, suggesting that the solution to the problem lay at the peace table, not on the flened field of battle.
		All the while these arguments were passing back and forth, the war dragged on with a toll being taken on the patience of the soldiers and the tempers of the nationalist leaders.
	www.geocities.com /veldes1/hungary.html (3500 words)

	Romania and the Eastern Question
		The Ottomans stormed Belgrade in 1521, routed a feeble Hungarian army at Moh·cs in 1526, and conquered Buda in 1541.
		At Berlin, Russia gained southern Bessarabia from Romania and as recompense offered northern Dobruja, a barren land between the Danube and the Black Sea south of the river's delta then inhabited mostly by Turks, Bulgars, and gypsies.
		In March 1919, the French head of the Entente mission in Budapest handed Mih·ly K·rolyi, the fledgling Hungarian republic's leftist president, a diplomatic note dictating the last in a series of border rectifications that stripped Hungary of large swaths of its traditional lands.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/593Rom.html (8752 words)

	Articles - Wallachia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		As the entire Balkan Peninsula become an integral part of the emerging Ottoman Empire (a process which concluded with the fall of Constantinople to Sultan Mehmed II in 1453), Wallachia became engaged in frequent confrontations and, in the final years of Mircea the Elder's reign, became an Ottoman subject.
		Mircea (reigned 1386-1418), initially defeated the Ottomans in several battles (including that of Rovine in 1394), driving them away from Dobruja and briefly extending his rule to the Danube Delta, Dobruja and Silistra (ca.
		Eteria's leader Alexander Ypsilantis, who had established himself in Moldavia and, after May, in northern Wallachia, viewed the alliance as broken â” he had Vladimirescu executed, and faced the Ottoman intervention without Pandur or Russian backing, suffering major defeats in Bucharest and DrÄgÄÅani (before retreating to Austrian custody in Transylvania).
	www.lastring.com /articles/Wallachia (3687 words)

	bessarabia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11)
		In 1538, the Ottomans annexed more Bessarabian land in the south as far as Tighina, while the central and northern parts of Bessarabia, as part of the principality of Moldavia was formally a vassal of the Ottoman Empire.
		On June 26, 1940, as a consequence of the terms of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, the USSR issued an ultimatum note that required Romania to cede Bessarabia and northern Bukovina, and evacuate in four days (otherwise war would ensue).
		The two provinces had an area of 20,000 square miles (51,000 kmÂ²) and they were inhabited by about 3.75 million people, mostly Romanians.Two days later, the Romanian administration started to retreat from the provinces.
	maps.profreehosting.info /wiki/?title=Bessarabia (3191 words)

	Romania Under Charles of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen
		The tsar later denied Romania the fortress of Silistra, the strategic key to Dobruja on the south bank of the Danube, thereby deepening Romania's distrust of Russia.
		In 1881 the parliament proclaimed Romania a kingdom, and Charles was crowned in Bucharest's cathedral with a crown fashioned from an Ottoman cannon seized at Plevna.
		Walachian wells began pumping oil; a bridge was built across the Danube at Cernavoda (in Dobruja); and new docks rose at Constanta.
	countrystudies.us /romania/17.htm (1018 words)

	A History of Europe, Chapter 14
		The northern Dobruja was also detached, though it was never clarified in the last months of the war who would get it (presumably Germany).
		After losing a whole generation on the battlefields of Flanders and northern France, they thought that the only way they could cope was to use the advantage of the moment to disable Germany permanently.
		Three-quarters of Germany's iron ore came from northern Sweden, and since the Baltic is frozen for much of the year, it was shipped by railroad to the Norwegian port of Narvik for export.
	xenohistorian.faithweb.com /europe/eu14.html (20696 words)

	ROMANIA
		Romania is roughly oval in shape, with a maximum distance from east to west of about 720 km (about 450 mi) and a maximum distance from north to south of about 515 km (about 320 mi).
		The small region of Dobruja, located in the extreme southeast between the Danube River and the Black Sea, is an important tourist center.
		One of the country’s most polluted areas is the city of Giurgiu on the northern bank of the Danube, where a Soviet-designed chemical plant was built in 1984; the plant has produced serious air pollution in both Giurgiu and the Bulgarian city of Ruse, located on the other side of the Danube.
	www.trcargo.ro /HTML/romania1.htm (7373 words)

	Multicultural Canada
		In fact, most came from territories that are today within Romania (northern Dobruja), Turkey (eastern Thrace), Greece (southern or Aegean Macedonia), and most especially the former Yugoslavia and the now independent republic of Macedonia (also known as Vardar Macedonia).
		At the height of its power during the ninth century, the Bulgarian Empire expanded from its base along the lower Danube to include all of present-day Bulgaria, Romania, eastern Hungary, Macedonia, Albania, and northern Greece, regions that at the time were inhabited by Slavic tribes under the rule of the Byzantine Empire.
		In 1933 there were about 750 families and 400 singles, with the majority from Gabresh and Zhelevo near Kastoria in northern Greece and from the Tâ rnovo region of central Bulgaria.
	www.multiculturalcanada.ca /ecp/content/bulgarians.html (5510 words)

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