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	Emishi - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Soon after the Second World War, mummies were discovered in Hiraizumi (the capital city of the Northern Fujiwara), which were thought to be of people related to the Emishi who had originally submitted to Yamato rule, and hence were thought to have been related to the Ainu.
		There is some doubt that the Northern Fujiwara had some Emishi blood in them, and for the most part they were part of the Japanese aristocracy.
		If the Northern Fujiwara (not related to the Fujiwara of Kyoto) were related to Kyoto aristocracts the whole idea of intermarriage with local Emishi may not have been possible.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Emishi (1568 words)

	WHOI : Centers and Special Programs : WHOI Sea Grant : Research Highlights : Stakes High for Right Whales but Humans ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Fujiwara and Caswell use what are called “maximum likelihood” methods to estimate survival, transition probabilities, sighting rates, and the response of these variables to environmental factors.
		Fujiwara is now among a relatively small circle of population biologists with the necessary tools, resources, and know-how to perform such sophisticated models.
		Fujiwara hopes to graduate in 2002, but will spend the summer presenting the results of their latest model at professional meetings and the next year finishing up his dissertation and beginning his search for a job.
	www.whoi.edu /home/research/seagrant_exp_whales.html (1190 words)

	Japan - HISTORY
		The Fujiwara controlled the throne until the reign of Emperor Go-Sanjo (1068-73), the first emperor not born of a Fujiwara mother since the ninth century.
		The period from 1086 to 1156 was the age of supremacy of the Incho and of the rise of the military class throughout the country.
		Fujiwara Yorinaga sided with the retired emperor in a violent battle in 1158 against the heir apparent, who was supported by the Taira and Minamoto.
	www.mongabay.com /reference/country_studies/japan/HISTORY.html (17885 words)

	Ancient Japan - 3
		One of the most celebrated affairs involving the expulsion of a member of another family by the Fujiwara was the removal of Sugawara Michizane from his post as minister and his exile to Kyushu.
		From the 10th century and through the 11th, successive generations of the northern branch of the Fujiwara clan continued to control the nation's government by monopolizing the posts of sessho and kampaku, and the wealth that poured into their coffers enabled them to lead lives of the greatest brilliance.
		The powerful authority wielded by the Fujiwara regents was maintained by their maternal relationship to successive emperors; once such a relationship disappeared, their power was bound to weaken.
	www.crystalinks.com /japan3.html (4328 words)

	Japan the Fujiwara Regency
		As the Soga had taken control of the throne in the sixth century, the Fujiwara by the ninth century had intermarried with the imperial family, and one of their members was the first head of the Emperor's Private Office.
		Another Fujiwara became regent for his grandson, then a minor emperor, and yet another was appointed kanpaku (regent for an adult emperor).
		Despite their usurpation of imperial authority, the Fujiwara presided over a period of cultural and artistic flowering at the imperial court and among the aristocracy.
	www.country-studies.com /japan/the-fujiwara-regency.html (1040 words)

	Around Japan
		The greatest of the Fujiwara leaders was Michinaga (966–1027), whose five daughters married successive emperors, and who was the leading figure at the court from 995 to 1027.
		The period of Fujiwara supremacy was marked by a great flowering of Japanese culture and by the growth of a civilization greatly influenced but no longer dominated by the Chinese one, which had been its fountainhead.
		This less aggressive attitude on the part of the Japanese was due partly to a surge of political liberalism stimulated by the victory of the democratic nations in World War I. Beginning in 1919 the Japanese government was assailed with increasing demands for universal suffrage, an issue that occasioned rioting in the cities.
	aroundjapan.wordpress.com (12629 words)

	[No title]
		During this period, the leadership of the nation was dominated by a single uji, the Fujiwara.
		During the rule of Sekkanke Michinaga, the Fujiwara reached their peak of power and wealth due in part to years of collecting taxes for personal gain and commandeering massive plots of agricultural land for themselves.
		The Fujiwara came to rule because they were able to marry into the imperial family, act as advisors to the emperor, and eventually gain immense influence over the emperor.
	www.indiana.edu /~ealc100/Group18/Heian.html (1217 words)

	b. Major Events. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Yoritomo crushed the powerful Fujiwara family of northern Japan on the grounds that they had killed Yoshitsune, albeit on his own orders.
		The northern Fujiwara in the course of the previous century had become a great military power and had made their capital, Hiraizumi, a major center of culture.
		as regents for weak shoguns of Fujiwara and imperial stock was characterized by administrative efficiency.
	www.bartleby.com /67/394.html (728 words)

	Station 23 - Hiraizumi Discussion
		Kiyohira was the son of Fujiwara Tsunekiyo and his mother was the daughter of Abe Yoritoki.
		The prosperity of the Fujiwara family, the activities of Yoshitsune and his followers were both glorious endeavors and yet both came to nothing in the end.
		The mansions of the Fujiwara "had been reduced to fields" and "only Kikeizan remained" and "the grass grew green." In this description Basho is using the conventions of the old Chinese poem.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~kohl/basho/23-hiraizumi/discussion.html (3448 words)

	Hiraizumi Tourist Information and Travel Guide at InfoHub.com
		Nowdays it's hard to imagine HIRAIZUMI as the resplendent capital of the Fujiwara clan, who chose this spot on the banks of the Kitakami-gawa for their "paradise on earth".
		In the early twelfth century Fujiwara Kiyohira, the clan's first lord, began building a vast complex of Buddhist temples and palaces, lavishly decorated with gold from the local mines, in what is now Hiraizumi.
		Though at first he was protected by the Fujiwara, they soon betrayed him on the promise of a sizeable reward, and in 1189 Benkei - peppered with arrows and spears - held off the attackers while Yoshitsune committed suicide.
	www.infohub.com /destinations/Asia/Japan/Hiraizumi (367 words)

	Fathom :: The Source for Online Learning
		WHOI communicator Tracey Crago describes the research of Caswell and Fujiwara and explains the implications of this work for the future of the North Atlantic right whale.
		One important finding, says Fujiwara, is that "the survival probability of females who reproduce is declining." Reports of surging birthrates during the December 2000-March 2001 season could eventually factor into the model, first as females with calves, then the calves on their own.
		Fujiwara graduated in 2002, and is now conducting postdoctoral research at the University of California, Santa Barbara, in the Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology Department.
	www.fathom.com /feature/190082/index.html (1204 words)

	Human Blastocysts and Endometrial Epithelial Cells Express Activated Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule (ALCAM/CD166) -- ...
		Hiroshi Fujiwara, Keiji Tatsumi, Kenzo Kosaka, Yukiyasu Sato, Toshihiro Higuchi, Shinya Yoshioka, Michiyuki Maeda, Masamichi Ueda and Shingo Fujii
		Northern blot analyses of ALCAM mRNA expression in human isolated endometrial epithelial and stromal cell fractions.
		ALCAM mRNA at 4.7 kbp (arrow) was detected in the RNAs derived from the endometrial epithelial cell fraction in the proliferative phase (lane 4) and secretory phase (lanes 5 and 6, cycle d 20 and 24).
	jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/88/7/3437 (3994 words)

	Japanese history: Nara, Heian Periods
		The Fujiwara family controlled the political scene of the Heian period over several centuries through strategic intermarriages with the imperial family and by occupying all the important political offices in Kyoto and the major provinces.
		After Michinaga, however, the ability of the Fujiwara leaders began to decline, and public order could not be maintained.
		The Fujiwara supremacy came to an end in 1068 when the new emperor Go-Sanjo was determined to rule the country by himself, and the Fujiwara failed to control him.
	www.japan-guide.com /e/e2132.html (639 words)

	Kimagure Orange College, Episode 17 - Samurai Kyosuke; Madoka of the past!
		Upon his death, the Northern Court and the Ashikaga Shogunate joined forces in a bloody conflict that was to last 5 years, culminating in the defeat of the southern imperial faction in 1397.
		Fujiwara and Kasuga are seated near the stream's bank; the early afternoon sun reflects brilliantly off the water's surface.
		Fujiwara, clad in a white kimono and headdress, lights the wood beneath her father's pyre.
	www.hu.mtu.edu /~gclumber/Hobbies/KORpage/kin/koc17.html (5038 words)

	Ocean Life Institute - Right Whales (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The two leading causes of death in northern right whales are ship collisions and fishing gear entanglements.
		Using the bumps as identifiers, researchers have been able to photograph and catalog most of the approximately 300 Northern right whales in existence, registering them in a database kept by the New England Aquarium.
		The model is based on mark-recapture statistical method, some of which were newly developed by Fujiwara with WHOI Sea Grant support.
	www.whoi.edu /institutes/oli/currenttopics/ct_whales_stakes.htm (1176 words)

	History of Japan - Part 1
		The greatest of the Fujiwara leaders was Michinaga, whose five daughters married successive emperors, and who was the leading figure at the court from 995 to 1027.
		The Taira leader, Kiyomori, was named prime minister in 1167, and, modeling his policies on those of the Fujiwara, married his daughter to an imperial prince, their infant son becoming emperor in 1180.
		This less aggressive attitude on the part of Japan was due partly to a surge of political liberalism stimulated by the victory of the democratic nations in World War I. Beginning in 1919 the government was assailed with increasing demands for universal male suffrage, an issue that occasioned rioting in the cities.
	members.tripod.com /~MickMc/jhistory.html (4406 words)

	Altering the expression of two chitin synthase genes differentially affects the growth and morphology of Aspergillus ...
		Fujiwara, M., Horiuchi, H., Ohta, A. and Takagi, M. A novel fungal gene encoding chitin synthase with a myosin motor-like domain.
		Fujiwara, M., Ichinomiya, M., Motoyama, T., Horiuchi, H., Otha, A. and Takagi, M. Evidence that the Aspergillus nidulans class I and class II chitin synthase genes, chsC and chsA, share critical roles in hyphal wall integrity and conidiophore development.
		Horiuchi, H., Fujiwara, M., Yamashita, S., Otha, A. and Takagi, M. Proliferation of intrahyphal hyphae caused by disruption of csmA, which encodes a class V chitin synthase with a myosin motor-like domain in Aspergillus nidulans.
	mic.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/148/12/4025 (4520 words)

	Dipsticks for water testing, right whale future grim, marine law center established
		If conditions remain as they are today, the northern right whale will be extinct by the year 2202, say WHOI Sea Grant biologist Hal Caswell and his graduate student, Masami Fujiwara.
		Fujiwara says that, while the population grew slightly in the early 1980s, it has since dropped.
		Fujiwara notes, however, that the population growth rate will require continued monitoring in order for that to happen, and that is not an easy task.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2002-08/nsgc-dfw082002.php (1053 words)

	Ainu - China History Forum, chinese history forum (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Japanese territory today is composed of four main islands; however, 7th century Japan lacked the whole of Hokkaido and the northern half of the Tohoku (northeast) region of Honshu: the Emishi lived in the Tohoku and Hokkaido areas; the Ashihase lived in Hokkaido.
		According to archeological findings from the 5th to the 7th centuries AD, the northern half of Tohoku (roughly extending from northern Miyagi prefecture to northern Aomori) and the western part of Hokkaido formed a single cultural area, and many Ainu place names are left in the Tohoku.
		The Emishi were natives of northern Honshu that opposed and resisted the rule of the Japanese Emperors during the late Nara and early Heian periods (7th-10th centuries A.D.).
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=9192 (4897 words)

	Human Endometrial Epithelial Cells Express Ephrin A1: Possible Interaction between Human Blastocysts and Endometrium ...
		Hiroshi Fujiwara, Shinya Yoshioka, Keiji Tatsumi, Kenzo Kosaka, Yukiyasu Satoh, Yoshihiro Nishioka, Miho Egawa, Toshihiro Higuchi and Shingo Fujii
		RT-PCR (A) and Northern blot (B) analyses of ephrin A1 mRNA expression in human endometrial cells.
		B, By Northern blot analysis, ephrin A1 mRNA was detected at 1.5 kbp (arrowhead) in the RNAs derived from the endometrial tissues in the secretory phase (cycle d 18 and 21).
	jcem.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/87/12/5801 (4337 words)

	Emishi - Natives of Hokkaido & Northern Honshu Japan
		The Emishi were natives of the Japanese islands of Hokkaido and northern Honshu that opposed and resisted the rule of the Japanese Emperors during the late Nara and early Heian periods.
		Soon after the Second World War mummies were discovered in Hiraizumi (the capital city of the Northern Fujiwara) who were thought to be related to the Emishi who had originally submitted to Yamato rule, and hence were thought to have been related to the Ainu.
		There is no doubt that the Northern Fujiwara had some Emishi blood in them a few generations removed, but for the most part they were from the Japanese aristocracy.
	www.japan-101.com /history/emishi_natives_of_japan.htm (770 words)

	genealogy1
		Toshiko, the third daughter of Fujiwara no Michinaga, who was styled chugu and bore him two daughters.
		Hiroko, a daughter of Fujiwara no Yorimichi, the kampaku and the elder son of Fujiwara no Michinaga.
		Go-Sanjō was the first emperor since the 59th Emperor Uda who did not have a Fujiwara mother.
	www.geocities.com /jtaliaferro.geo/genealogy1.html (2696 words)

	Two if by Sea-Archives: Spring 2001
		That means that to avoid extinction, we don’t have to return to a situation [like that of] pre-whaling years; we just need to find out what happened between 1980 and now that is causing the whales to die," he explains.
		One, says Fujiwara, is that "the survival probability of females who reproduce is declining." Recent reports of surging birthrates in right whales this season (December, 2000–March, 2001), could eventually factor into the model, first as females with calves, then the calves on their own.
		Any models that must contend with small population sizes—and thus a limited sample size—require very sophisticated analysis, says Fujiwara.
	web.mit.edu /seagrant/pubs/2ifbysea/issues/spring01/rightwhale.html (1064 words)

	Balloon-borne observations of water vapor and ozone in the tropical upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Data were obtained at San Cristóbal, Galapagos, Ecuador (0.9°S, 89.6°W), during the late northern winter and the late northern summer in 1998 and 1999 and at Juazeiro do Norte, Brazil (7.2°S, 39.3°W), in February and November 1997.
		Earlier data in the western Pacific region in March 1993 were reanalyzed to extend the scope of the observations.
		Furthermore, air which crosses the tropical tropopause in the late northern summer may be dehydrated further during late northern fall, as the average tropical tropopause rises and cools.
	cires.colorado.edu /~voemel/publications/2001JD000707abs.html (302 words)

	Essential Motifs in the 3' Untranslated Region Required for Retrotransposition and the Precise Start of Reverse ...
		The 3' UTR and poly(A) tract are shaded in gray, followed by the polyhedrin 3' region.
		Kojima, K. K., Matsumoto, T., Fujiwara, H. Eukaryotic Translational Coupling in UAAUG Stop-Start Codons for the Bicistronic RNA Translation of the Non-Long Terminal Repeat Retrotransposon SART1.
		Anzai, T., Osanai, M., Hamada, M., Fujiwara, H. Functional roles of 3'-terminal structures of template RNA during in vivo retrotransposition of non-LTR retrotransposon, R1Bm.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/24/18/7902 (6007 words)

	Ancient Japan - 4
		Kujo Yoritsune, a Fujiwara scion and distant relative of Yoritomo, was appointed shogun, while Tokimasa's son Hojo Yoshitoki (shikken 1205-24) handled most government business.
		In 1281 two separate armies were arrayed: an eastern army consisting of about 40,000 Mongol, northern Chinese, and Korean troops set out from South Korea, and a second army of about 100,000 troops from southern China under the command of the Mongol general Hung Ch'a-ch'iu.
		This is the first work of historical philosophy in Japan to incorporate a notion of historical causality, and it provides an interpretive picture of the rise and fall of political powers from a Buddhist viewpoint.
	www.crystalinks.com /japan4.html (4136 words)

	Japan Sessions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		I will argue that these diaries had a private function within each aristocratic lineage, but that they were also valued by individuals outside the lineage and circulated as sources of information via client, factional, and marital ties.
		Using one important record, the Teishinkōki of Fujiwara no Tadahira (880–949), as an example, I will consider the political implications of producing a diary and how such works were circulated, cited, and abstracted.
		I have long wondered how Northern Fujiwara regents actually led the Heian court from the late ninth through the late eleventh centuries.
	www.aasianst.org /absts/2005abst/Japan/j-109.htm (1188 words)

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