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Topic: Northern Ireland peace process

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	Northern Ireland peace process (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.umd.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		When discussing Northern Irish history, the Peace Process is generally considered to cover the events leading up to the 1994 IRA ceasefire, the end of most of the violence of The Troubles, the Belfast (or Good Friday) Agreement, and subsequent political developments.
		In Northern Ireland Sinn Féin had increased its share of the vote to 16%, becoming the third largest party in the region, and winning two seats: Gerry Adams and Martin McGuinness were their New MPs.
		The agreement was to be approved by a referendum in Northern Ireland, and a separate referendum was to be held in the Irish Republic to approve the necessary change to Articles 2 and 3 of the Constitution.
	northern-ireland-peace-process.iqnaut.net.cob-web.org:8888 (3524 words)

	Embassy of Ireland - Washington, DC
		In a deteriorating situation the local Northern Ireland Parliament and Government were prorogued in 1972 and the British Government assumed direct responsibility for all aspects of the government of Northern Ireland.
		The British Government agreed in the Declaration “that it is for the people of Ireland alone, by agreement between the two parts respectively, to exercise their right of self-determination on the basis of consent, freely and concurrently given, North and South, to bring about a united Ireland, if that is their wish”.
		At least six all-Ireland or cross-border implementation bodies to be agreed by the Irish Government and the Northern Ireland executive.
	www.irelandemb.org /n_ireland.html (4071 words)

	Northern Ireland's peace process
		Recent events in Northern Ireland have shown the volatility and underlying weakness inherent in the 'peace process.' Despite the ceasefire, despite hours and hours of talks between all the various sectarian politicians and the governments in London, Dublin and Washington, little or nothing has changed.
		Britain partitioned Ireland in 1920 to put a brake on the growing social revolution that was accompanying the struggle for national liberation, and to wreck any chance of an independent Ireland becoming a serious capitalist rival, while maintaining the profitable businesses and strategic military bases in the North.
		Indeed, it is an outrage that the largest organised section of the Northern Irish society - the trade unions with 225,000 Protestant and Catholic members - have not been invited to the conference table - and equally outrageous that Northern Ireland's Labour leaders have not been banging on the door demanding entry.
	www.marxist.com /europe/peace.html (1399 words)

	Online NewsHour -- Northern Ireland
		Update: The Northern Ireland peace process, stalled for more than a year, lurched back into motion Tuesday with dual announcements that the Irish Republican Army had surrendered more arms and the British government would hold key elections Nov. 26.
		Update: In a move that threatens to derail the last four years of peace talks in Northern Ireland, the Irish Republican Army, the largest anti-British militant group in the region, ended its cooperation with the international commission established to disarm all sides in the conflict.
		Update: Citing a breakdown in trust between the major political parties, the British secretary for Northern Ireland suspended the region's power-sharing government, saying he hoped the move would be a temporary setback.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/bb/europe/northern_ireland/index.html (199 words)

	St. John's University -- Faculty & Staff -- Gerry Adams Discusses Northern Ireland Peace Process During St. ...
		Northern Ireland political activist and Sinn Fein President Gerry Adams hinted as much when he told the St. John’s University community that peace in Northern Ireland “was bigger than the Irish.”
		Adams great commitment to peace in Ireland and one part of his speech was particularly striking to me. He related that peace requires the presence of justice and justice requires inclusivity,” said Harrington.
		He said early movements toward peace in Northern Ireland were marginalized and lacked input from all sides.
	new.stjohns.edu /faculty/pr_uni_060314.sju (653 words)

	CAIN: Events: Peace: Accord - Striking a balance, The Northern Ireland peace process (Issue 8, 1999, edited by Clem ...
		One of these is the process by which the Irish republican movement gradually changed its tactics from an almost exclusive reliance on armed struggle to trying to achieve their aims through negotiations and the ballot box.
		Most support for peace rallies occurred in late 1993, before the paramilitary ceasefires in 1994 and after the breakdown of the IRA ceasefire in 1996, but not during the negotiations when they might have provided encouragement for the risk-taking politicians.
		Key players in the peace process, from a wide range of political backgrounds, offer their perspectives on the Agreement and share their hopes and fears for the future of peace in Northern Ireland.
	cain.ulst.ac.uk /events/peace/docs/accord99.htm (3967 words)

	Inside Out: An Integrative Critique of the Northern Ireland Peace Process by Stephen Farry: U.S. Institute of Peace (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The Agreement and the manner in which it was implemented have contributed to a deepening of the divisions within Northern Ireland and to increased political polarization.
		The different approaches related to the shifting balance of power within Northern Ireland raise major questions for international mediators regarding whether it is better to focus efforts upon perceived moderates which, if properly bolstered, could marginalize the extreme elements, or whether to build a process around those extremes despite all the associated problems.
		These questions are much broader than their Northern Ireland context, and the ongoing process in Northern Ireland may provide tentative answers for those who are dealing with similar problems in Iraq and elsewhere.
	www.usip.org /fellows/reports/2006/0706_farry.html (1215 words)

	People's Daily Online -- Major events in Northern Ireland's peace process (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Northern Ireland's feuding political parties were scheduled to meet on Friday to make a last ditch effort, before the Friday deadline, to break the deadlock of the peace process.
		Following are key events in its long-term peace initiatives since the April 1998 "Good Friday" agreement, which largely ended the almost 30 years of bloody conflict in Northern Ireland.
		October 2006 -- Northern Ireland's ceasefire watchdog, the Independent Monitoring Commission, said it believed that the IRA was no longer engaged in terrorism.
	english.people.com.cn /200611/24/eng20061124_324811.html (376 words)

	The Northern Irish Conflict: A Chronology
		The history of Northern Ireland can be traced back to the 17th century, when the English finally succeeded in subduing the island after successfully putting down a number of rebellions.
		In a dual referendum held on May 22, 1998, Northern Ireland approved the accord by a vote of 71% to 29%, and the Irish Republic by a vote of 94%.
		International recognition and support for peace in Northern Ireland came on Oct. 16, 1998, when the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded jointly to John Hume and David Trimble, the leaders of the largest Catholic and Protestant political parties, respectively, in Northern Ireland.
	www.infoplease.com /spot/northireland1.html (3152 words)

	Peace Polls for Conflict Resolution
		As far as the peace process was concerned the poll demonstrated the validity of the methods, the independence of the research and the value of publication in the popular press.
		Although the Mitchell Review moved the Northern Ireland peace process forward by creating conditions in which the Executive could be established the hardening of both Ulster Unionist and IRA attitudes towards the question of decommissioning forced a suspension of the Executive in February of 2000.
		Critically the questions for seven of these polls were drafted and agreed with the co-operation of party negotiators to enhance the peace process by increasing party inclusiveness, developing issues and language, testing party policies, helping to set deadlines and increase the overall transparency of negotiations through the publication of technical analysis and media reports.
	www.peacepolls.org (3460 words)

	Northern Ireland Peace Process (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.umd.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Northern Ireland to be represented by the First Minister, Deputy First Minister and any relevant Ministers, the Irish Government by the Taoiseach and relevant Ministers, all operating in accordance with the rules for democratic authority and accountability in force in the Northern Ireland Assembly and the Oireachtas respectively.
		They equally recognise that Northern Ireland's history of deep divisions has made it highly emotive, with great hurt suffered and sacrifices made by many individuals and their families, including those in the RUC and other public servants.
		The review process would provide for the advance of the release dates of qualifying prisoners while allowing account to be taken of the seriousness of the offences for which the person was convicted and the need to protect the community.
	www.tamilnation.org.cob-web.org:8888 /conflictresolution/countrystudies/ireland/goodfriday.htm (8997 words)

	Northern Ireland Peace Process (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.umd.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Signed by the major political parties and ratified by voters across the island of Ireland, the Agreement enshrines the principle of consent: that Northern Ireland would remain part of the United Kingdom unless and until the citizens of Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland both vote for a united Ireland.
		Despite the Agreement's historic significance, "direct-rule" ministers (appointed by London) have governed Northern Ireland since October 2002 when the Legislative Assembly was suspended over allegations of an IRA spy ring at the Stormont Parliament building.
		The United States serves as an honest broker for all the Northern Ireland parties, and as a champion of the Good Friday Agreement principles, including the principles of consent, power-sharing, human rights, equality, and greater cooperation between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.
	paei.state.gov.cob-web.org:8888 /p/eur/ci/uk/c17916.htm (353 words)

	The Northern Ireland Peace Process
		We are not central to implementation of the peace agreement -- that role clearly falls to the leaders of Northern Ireland in conjunction with the Governments of Ireland and the United Kingdom.
		There has been a failure at all levels in Northern Ireland -- but particularly at the level of political leadership -- to acknowledge that the fates of the two communities are tied to one another.
		No one in Northern Ireland should feel free of the responsibility of articulating and pursuing what Dr. Reid has called "a vision of new, inclusive society." The onus rests heaviest on the political leaders of Northern Ireland.
	www.state.gov /s/p/rem/7300.htm (4214 words)

	CNN - Blair tries to jump-start Northern Ireland peace process - December 2, 1998
		BELFAST, Northern Ireland (CNN) -- British Prime Minister Tony Blair flew to Belfast on Wednesday in an effort to push forward the stalled Northern Ireland peace process.
		Catholic man slain as Northern Ireland misses peace deadline - October 31, 1998
		Peace Prize humbles N. Ireland's Hume and Trimble - October 16, 1998
	www.cnn.com /WORLD/europe/9812/02/britain.ireland/index.html (462 words)

	CNN.com - Britain , Irish Republic , and U.S. try to restart Northern Ireland peace process - March 8, 2000
		BELFAST, Ireland -- Britain and the Irish Republic are scheduled to try to revive the ailing Northern Ireland peace process during meetings with Northern Irish political leaders on Wednesday in Belfast.
		The day-long talks are an attempt to eventually reactivate Northern Ireland's home rule government, which London suspended February 11, after the Irish Republican Army failed to live up to its agreement to begin decommissioning its weapons.
		In addition to Cowen, Britain's Northern Ireland Secretary Peter Mandelson is expected to attend Wednesday's talks.
	edition.cnn.com /2000/WORLD/europe/03/08/n.ireland (618 words)

	Northern Ireland peace process - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		When discussing the history of Northern Ireland, the "peace process" is generally considered to cover the events leading up to the 1994 IRA ceasefire, the end of most of the violence of The Troubles, the Belfast (or Good Friday) Agreement, and subsequent political developments.
		Ian Paisley of the Democratic Unionist Party opposed the Declaration, James Molyneaux of the Ulster Unionist Party argued that it was not a "sell-out" of unionists, and Gerry Adams of Provisional Sinn Féin requested dialogue with the governments and clarification of the Declaration.
		The agreement was to be approved by a referendum in Northern Ireland, and a separate referendum was to be held in the Republic to approve the necessary change to Articles 2 and 3 of the Constitution.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Northern_Ireland_peace_process (4940 words)

	CNN.com - Trimble expresses concerns about Northern Ireland peace process - July 29, 2000
		LONDON (Reuters) -- Northern Ireland's First Minister David Trimble on Saturday expressed concerns about the fragile peace process that is bidding to put an end to 30 years of conflict.
		Trimble, the province's leading Protestant politician who heads Northern Ireland's home rule government, was speaking to BBC Television less than 24 hours after Britain freed scores of Northern Ireland paramilitaries under the terms of the peace accord.
		Northern Ireland was returned to home rule in June with a power-sharing executive of Protestant Unionists who support continued links with Britain and Irish nationalists who support unity with the Irish republic.
	archives.cnn.com /2000/WORLD/europe/07/29/n.ireland.reut (604 words)

	The Path to Peace in Northern Ireland
		DUBLIN, Ireland (CNN) -- The Northern Ireland peace process got a crucial boost Sunday when the nationalist Sinn Fein party, the political wing of the Irish Republican Army, endorsed the new peace accord for the troubled province.
		The peace deal will be put to a vote both north and south of the Irish border on May 22.
		Other key parties in Northern Ireland, including the pro-British Unionist Party, have already supported the peace accord, but Sinn Fein's vote is seen as critical if the peace process is to survive.
	members.tripod.com /~HucklebarryGun/irelandpeace.html (625 words)

	The Irish 'Peace Process' .. an anarchist perspective
		Articles and statements about the Irish 'Peace Process' and the IRA cease-fires published by the anarchist group Workers Solidarity Movement.
		Peace 1993 has started with the analysis we are offered again and again by our rulers and the media.
		Last Autumn the speed at which events in Northern Ireland were moving wrong-footed pundits across the political spectrum.
	struggle.ws /wsm/peaceprocess.html (1964 words)

	Issue in Depth: The Northern Ireland Peace Process
		While recent evidence suggests that Northern Ireland is turning away from its debilitating culture of sectarian violence, tribal politics and irremediable distrust, the spirit here is a less elated one that focuses on the trials ahead.
		The voters of Northern Ireland and the Irish Republic have given overwhelming support to the peace agreement aimed at settling the sectarian conflict that has convulsed their island for centuries.
		Northern Ireland's largest political party, the Ulster Unionists, beat back growing internal opposition and voted to support the peace agreement aimed at settling decades of violent struggle between the British province's two principal religious groups.
	partners.nytimes.com /library/world/nireland-index.html (867 words)

	SUPPORTING THE NORTHERN IRELAND PEACE PROCESS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Over the past 25 years, "the Troubles" in Northern Ireland have claimed nearly 4,000 lives and denied an end to political violence and a settlement of the Irish conflict.
		Contributed $326.7 million to the International Fund for Ireland for development projects in Northern Ireland and the border counties of the Republic of Ireland that promote economic and social advance and encourage reconciliation.
		President Clinton is the first U.S. President to visit Northern Ireland, stopping in London, Belfast and Dublin and galvanizing popular support for peace and leading to Senator Mitchell's direct involvement in the talks process.
	clinton5.nara.gov /WH/EOP/NSC/html/nsc-06.html (806 words)

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