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Topic: Northern Sami

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Inari Sami

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Sami language

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Minority languages in Sweden

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	Sami languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Sami languages are spoken in Lapland in Northern Europe, in a region stretching over the four countries Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia, reaching from the southern part of central Scandinavia in the southwest to the tip of the Kola Peninsula in the east.
		The last speaker of Akkala Sami is known to have died in 2003, and the eleventh attested variety Kemi Sami became extinct in the 19th century.
		Sami is an official language of the municipalities of Kautokeino, Karasjok, Kåfjord, Nesseby, Sør-Varanger and Tana.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Sami_languages (1046 words)

	Northern Sami - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Northern Sami is an agglutinative, highly inflected language that shares many grammatic features with the other Uralic languages.
		Northern Sami, like Finnish, the other Sámi languages and Estonian, has a negative verb that conjugates according to mood (indicative, imperative and optative), person (1st, 2nd and 3rd) and number (singular, dual and plural).
		Northern Sami is written in an extended version of the Latin alphabet.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Northern_Sami (603 words)

	Nordic Culture > The Sami languages - Scandinavica.com
		Northern Saami is the largest-spoken Sami language, with speakers in the three Nordic countries.
		The Sami languages are nowadays official in some Sami territories of Norway, Sweden and Finland, and are taught and learnt at schools and universities.
		Northern Sami is the largest-spoken Sami language, used by a 75% of all the Sami-speaking population.
	www.scandinavica.com /culture/language/saami.htm (917 words)

	SAMI IN FINLAND
		Despite treating the Sami in Finland as a single language group, it should be borne in mind that local linguistic varieties are mutually non-intelligible; that one group of speakers only recently moved into Finland; and that the Sami in northern Scandinavia have close relationships across borders.
		The Sami inhabit an area between the Kola peninsula in Russia to the north of Finland, Norway and Sweden, astride the Kolen mountains south to Trondheim in Norway and to Idre in Sweden.
		The Forest Sami in the east, whose economy was premised upon trapping and fishing began to suffer incursions by in-migrants from the south whose slash-and-burn agriculture damaged the Forest Sami economy.
	www.uoc.es /euromosaic/web/document/sami/an/i1/i1.html (7379 words)

	Regnor Jernsletten: The Sami Movement in Norway: ideology and practice 1900-1940
		It initiated cooperation between the Southern Sami of Norway and Sweden, and between the Northern and Southern Sami in Norway, an expression of which was the appearance of Sami delegations from Sweden at the congresses in Trondheim in 1917 and 1921, and from Norway at the congress in Östersund in 1918.
		Contact between the Northern and Southern Sami in Norway was evidenced by the appearance of a few Sami from the north at the national congress in 1917.
		The Southern Sami's focus on reindeer herding and the Northern Sami's opposition to linguistic Norwegianization, were maintained throughout the whole period from 1900-1940.
	www.uit.no /ssweb/dok/series/n06/roj9810e.htm (5628 words)

	Sami Culture and Human Rights
		The Sami population does not enjoy a specific legal position in the decision-making process on the provision of education for Sami children and in the related use of government grants.
		The Sami Parliament, adopted on 1 March, 1996, a statement to draw attention to the shortcomings in the Act on the Sami Parliament.
		The purpose of this activity is to undermine the identity of the Sami minority and to obscure and deny the existence of the Sami culture.
	arcticcircle.uconn.edu /SEEJ/sami1.html (2500 words)

	Folklore, Boundaries and Audience in The Pathfinder
		The Sami language used in the film is the northern variety, an idiom shared by many communities (albeit with marked dialect differences) across Finnmark, northern Sweden and Finland.
		The image of a Sami man beating a drum and working magic evokes not simply an image of the pre-Christian past, but a powerful, pervasive, and painful reminder of the present image of Sami in the minds of many of their neighbors.
		The image may still reinforce non-Sami stereotypes of the Sami magician, of course, but now in a context of moral approval and in a pre-Christian world in which Sami religion is set beside the religion of wolf-toothed depravity and malice practiced by the non-Sami Chude.
	www.utexas.edu /courses/sami/diehtu/giella/film/pathfinder.htm (6643 words)

	Reference.com/Web Directory/Top/Society/Ethnicity/Sami
		Somby, Ande - Cyberilbmi - A joik performer of the Sami or Laplander people, Somby also is a designer and photographer, and he is associate professor at the Faculty of Law, University of Tromsø.
		The Sami Collections - A Sami museum in Norway with a cultural history department, a art collection and an open air museum.
		The Sami Siida of North America - Network of regional communities and individuals who share the heritage of the Sami culture of Northern Scandinavia, Finland and the Kola Peninsula.
	www.reference.com /Dir/Society/Ethnicity/Sami (585 words)

	directopedia : Directory : Society : Ethnicity : Sami
		The Sami in Russia were forced by the Soviet authorities into one collective called Lovozero/Lojàvri, in the central part of the Kola peninsula.
		Sami inhabitants have in Sweden, Norway and Finland (but not Russia) a vote, in addition to the regular elections in each country, to elect representatives to their special designed authority, the Sami Parliament (SP).
		Sami on the Kola peninsula and in North-Eastern Finland, as well as a handful in Norway are members of the Orthodox Church.
	www.directopedia.org /directory/Society-Ethnicity/Sami.shtml (2438 words)

	Pekka Sammalahti 1998: The Saami Lnaguages
		The picture is still far from clear, though, for Northern Sweden-Norway we get only reindeer herding districts, and the Southern-Ume dialect map is dominated by the main dialect borders of the Scandinavian dialects.
		This fact is not revealed in the legend, and as presented the map may thus stimulate the uninformed reader to some rather unorthodox interpretations of the extension of the South and Ume Sámi areas.
		The chapter treats diphthong simplification, vowel alternation and consonant gradation both synchronically, in the Western dialect of Northern Sámi, and diachronically, showing the development leading from Proto-Sámi to the dialect chosen for illustration.
	www.hum.uit.no /a/trond/sammallahti.html (1168 words)

	Sami history.
		The settlers moved into the areas "unused" by the Sami's, farming and cattleranches was a source of livelihood which contrasted strongly with the traditional Sami lifestyle.
		Some Sami's in the forestarea founded homesteads on their own land, but until the 1970's there was a law stating that a Sami wasn't allowed to build a house larger than a rather modest size.
		As a result many farming Sami's assimilated themselves into the Swedish society, yet there still exists such Sami's in northern Sweden who have kept their Sami culture even though they to an outside observer might seem to be Swedish farmers.
	boreale.konto.itv.se /history.htm (2105 words)

	SAMIS or Lapps
		mis is situated in the northern part of Fennoscandia, stretching in a semicircle from Dalarna, Sweden, along the coast of the Arctic Ocean over Norway and Finland to the central part of the Kola Peninsula in Russia.
		In the past the Sami territory used to reach farther South, but under the pressure of other peoples they have been forced to move northwards.
		Sami Parliaments are convened in Norway, Finland and Sweden as advisory assemblies.
	www.suri.ee /eup/samis.html (924 words)

	Sami/Saami/Lapp language, alphabet and pronunciation
		Sami is a Finno-Ugric language with about 20,000 speakers.
		The main dialects of Sami are: Northern Sami, spoken by about 15,000 people in Norway, Sweden and Finland; Lule Sami, with about 1,500 speakers in Norway and Sweden; Kildin Sami, spoken in the Kola peninsula of Russia by about 650 people, and Southern Sami, with around 600 speakers in Sweden and Norway.
		Sami languages spoken in Finland include Inari Sami and Skolt Sami, which is also spoken in the Kola peninsula.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/saami.htm (280 words)

	Sami literature on the world wide web. By Päivi Alanen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Sami live in four countries, mainly in the far north, with strong cultural bonds of language, way of life, reindeer husbandry, arts and crafts, traditions and family ties, which recognise no borders.
		In Norway the responsibility lies with the National Library’s department in Rana, in Sweden with Ájtte — the Swedish Sami museum in Jokkmokk, in Finland with the county library in Rovaniemi and in Russia with the Murmansk Library.
		In 1996 the manuscript of Sami bibliography was completed, covering the period from the early 19th century and up to that time.Data is constantly being registered.
	www.splq.info /issues/vol35_2/02.htm (2086 words)

	Sámidutkan - Saamentutkimus - Sámi Studies
		Therefore it offers a clear example of the relationship between nature and man. During these courses it is possible to become familiar besides with livelihoods, especially with Sámi land right issue from the point of view of legal historical research and of Sámi politics.
		The studying material of this subject is based on multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary perspective, by means of archaeology, linguistics, cultural study and population genetics.
		Konrad Nielsen's dictionary of Northern Sámi, a monumental and indispensable source for researchers, was originally published in 1932-1962.
	www.helsinki.fi /hum/sugl/saami.html (981 words)

	The History of Mining and Inroads in Sámiland and Their Effect on the Sámi
		The Sámi are the indigenous people of northern Scandinavia, comprised of Norway, Sweden, Finland, and the Kola Peninsula of Russia today.
		The inexplicable act of using the Arctic Ocean as a nuclear dump threatens the northern Sámi greatly because of their dependence on fish for a large part of their diet and income.
		More and more agriculturalists were settling in Sámiland and the cultivation line was to be a northern boundary, past which no land could be developed for agricultural use.
	www.utexas.edu /courses/sami/dieda/hist/mining.htm (3473 words)

	Northern Sweden: Sami people
		And although Sami of today are settled residents, an element of their traditional nomadic lifestyle remains - in summer the reindeer herders and their families follow the reindeer herds from the forests to the mountains.
		Originally, the Sami were hunters and fishers, who took up larger scale reindeer herding in the 16th and 17th centuries.
		Today, about ten percent of the Sami population are reindeer herders, moving their herds over huge areas, from the woodlands in winter to the mountain highlands in summer, much like in ancient times, though today they use modern equipment such as snowmobiles, motorcycles and helicopters, rather than skis and dogs.
	www.visitsweden.com /VSTemplates/Page____48285.aspx (427 words)

	Northern Lavvu: Makers of Sami Tents
		Its simplicity enabled the Sami to move quickly with their semi-domesticated reindeer herds at a moment's notice.
		This structure enabled the indigenous cultures of the treeless plains of northern Scandinavia and the High Arctic of Eurasia to live in harmony with nature.
		The Lavvu is also still in use today as a temporary shelter by the Sami reindeer herders of northern Scandinavia and as a year-round dwelling of the Nenets and Khants of the Russian Federation.
	lavvu.com (333 words)

	NORDLYS - Northern Lights (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		I heard that you're not supposed to whistle at the Northern lights.
		It is old superstition, just as people from a certain area in Norway once believed that if you observed the lights to long, it would descend and cut your head off.
		Sami's in northern Norway also once belived that the northern lights would take their children away from them, so whenever there was aurora in the sky all children would be brought inside, hiding from the lights.
	www.northern-lights.no /active/readQA?Q=1811 (147 words)

	Welcome to the Sámi language technology project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		It is also a basic component in machine translation systems, in order to translate "I come" to Northern Sámi, one needs a process for going from boahtit to boađán.
		During the project we have made small webapps where you are able to test our technology interactively.
		You will also have the opportunity to generate Northern, Lule and Southern Sámi words and numerals.
	giellatekno.uit.no /disamb.en.html (308 words)

	New Page 1
		Concentration: Northern Scandinavia (Finland, Sweden and Norway) and the Kola Peninsula in Russia.
		Scholars have speculated that the Sami originally spoke a non-Uralic or ancient Uralic tongue and then incorporated the languages of the Baltic-Finnic tribes with there arrival.
		The word Tundra appears in many languages around the world and is of Sami origin, it is interesting considering the general geographical location of the Sami.
	members.tripod.com /Daniel_Kravin/lappb.htm (372 words)

	Opera Press Release: Commitment to cultural diversity
		The Sami community is excited about getting a browser in their own language.
		Now a Norwegian software company demonstrates that support for Sami languages in applications is foremost a question of trying.
		Opera's Sami browser is an important contribution in bringing visibility to the Sami language," says Sven-Roald Nysto, president of the Sami parliament.
	www.opera.com /pressreleases/en/2003/01/14 (367 words)

	GeoNative - Sápmi - Lappland (Samiland) - Laponia
		or Saami are the native inhabitants of northern Scandinavia.
		Northern Sami is the most widely spoken Sami language.
		It is written in a Latin script based on a new Sami standard, Latin 9.
	www.geocities.com /Athens/9479/sami.html (467 words)

	Inari Sami
		Inari Sami (Saami, Sámi, Lappish, Lapp) is spoken by 300-400 people who live around Lake Inari in Lapland in Northern Finland.
		Inari Sami is one of the Sami (Saami, Sámi, Lappish, Lapp) languages.
		The difference between the nominative and essive case of 'tooth' is that the consonant 'n' is longer in essive than in nominative.
	www.ling.canterbury.ac.nz /personal/toivonen/sami (408 words)

	Welcome to the Sámi language technology project (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Sámi department at the University of Tromsø has since 2001 been running a project on Sámi language technology.
		The primary goal is to build a morphological parser and disambiguator for Northern Sámi.
		Here you can read more about both the other goals of the project, and about the basic technology and the linguistic philosophy that is being used in the project.
	giellatekno.uit.no /english.html (91 words)

	Specification of needs
		There shall be one layout for Skolt Sámi, one for Inari Sámi and two for Northern Sámi (these two are identical apart from the mirrored placing of Norwegian Ææ/Øø and Swedish/Finnish Ää/Öö).
		Appendix 4e: Northern Sámi keyboard for PC (Norway)
		With the help of the Sámi package, the user shall be able to shift between the 4 Sámi keyboards and the national keyboards (Norwegian, Swedish, Finnish and U.S.) with the help of a simple keystroke.
	www.hum.uit.no /a/trond/kraven.html (638 words)

	Amazon.com: The Sami of Northern Europe (First Peoples): Books: Deborah Robinson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Amazon.com: The Sami of Northern Europe (First Peoples): Books: Deborah Robinson
		Describes the history, modern and traditional cultural practices and economies, geographic background, and ongoing oppression and struggles of the Sami.
		The Sami are the indigenous people of Europe's far north.
	www.amazon.com /Sami-Northern-Europe-First-Peoples/dp/0822541750 (846 words)

	Department of Scandinavian Studies: Thomas DuBois
		My research in this area focuses on traditional and contemporary cultural expressions of Sámi people in the Nordic countries, particularly in the Northern Sámi and Inari Sámi language areas.
		I am interested in continuities of tradition among Sámi people and the significance of an indigenous worldview in Sámi culture and activism.
		"Seidr, Sagas, and Saami: The Nature and Significance of Religious Exchange in the Viking Age." Northern Peoples, Southern States: Maintaining Ethnicities in the Circumpolar World.
	scandinavian.wisc.edu /dubois/research-sami.htm (214 words)

	The Sami of Far Northern Europe
		Alaska Sami Reindeer Herders - Baiki [International Sami Journal.
		The Development of Sami Rights since 1980 - Carsten Smith
		Land Rights, Linguistic Rights, and Cultural Autonomy for the Finnish Sami People - Finnish Sami Parliament
	arcticcircle.uconn.edu /HistoryCulture/samiindex.html (94 words)

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