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Topic: Northern blot

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	Northern Blot
		A Northern blot is one of a series of blot techniques used to transfer DNA and RNA onto a carrier for sorting and identification.
		Northern blots can be used to determine the size of an mRNA transcript, identify functional variants of a gene and measure the relatedness of species.
		Northern blots are intended to study gene expression through identification and examination of genetic differences.
	www.iscid.org /encyclopedia/Northern_Blot (241 words)

	Northern blot
		Northern blots are not used very often for diagnostic purposes; they are used mainly in research.
		However, a description of Northern blots is included here in the interest of completeness and the probability that you will run across the term in some of the papers you may read.
		A northern blot is very similar to a Southern blot except that it is RNA rather than DNA which is extracted, run on a gel and transferred to a filter membrane.
	www.escience.ws /b572/L13/north.html (323 words)

	Northern Blots --生物实验网 www.5ibio.com
		Because a good nylon Northern blot can be kept for years and reprobed a dozen or more times with good results, it seems a shame to use nitrocellulose, which is so physically weak that the blot is unlikely to last more than a couple of probings without tearing.
		When making Northern blots, however, it is preferable to visualize the RNA markers directly on the blot, since this allows for the most accurate alignment with the autorad.
		Northerns can be reused many times, so make sure to always keep the blot moist, and freeze it in a seal-a-meal bag between uses.
	www.5ibio.com /html/blotting/northern/20061112/1809.html (1299 words)

	Blot (biology) Summary
		Blotting is a common laboratory procedure in which biological molecules in a gel matrix are transferred onto nitrocellulose paper for further scientific analysis.
		The Northern blotting procedure, which transfers RNA molecules, was developed shortly thereafter and, since it was patterned after Southern blotting, its name was a humorous play on words inspired by the name of the first procedure.
		In all blotting experiments, the nitrocellulose paper is placed in a chamber full of buffer and mixed with the probe, which then binds to the molecule that is being studied.
	www.bookrags.com /Blot_(biology) (1467 words)

	Northern Analysis: The Basics
		The Northern blotting procedure is straightforward and provides opportunities to evaluate progress at various points (e.g., integrity of the RNA sample and how efficiently it has transferred to the membrane).
		Northern hybridization is exceptionally versatile in that radiolabeled or nonisotopically labeled DNA, in vitro transcribed RNA and oligonucleotides can all be used as hybridization probes.
		Blots were exposed to film for 2.5 hours with a single intensifying screen.
	www.ambion.com /techlib/basics/northerns/index.html (1922 words)

	TechNotes 7(3): Tools for Blot Hybridization
		Regardless of the type of blot, the principles of probe synthesis, hybridization, washing and detection are the same.
		A primary limitation of all blot hybridizations is the efficiency of hybridization between the nucleic acids on the membrane, and the labeled nucleic acids in the hybridization solution.
		The blots were exposed to the same piece of film at -80°C with one intensifying screen for the indicated times.
	www.ambion.com /techlib/tn/73/733.html (830 words)

	Northern Blot
		Northern blotting is an RNA blotting technique which was developed in 1977 by Alwine et al.
		Western blot, a method for blotting for proteins is also a play on the Southern blot naming and was named in 1981 (ref:2).
		The sensitivity of northern blots may be increased with the use of nylon positively-charged membranes, use of a highly specific antisense probe.
	www.molecularstation.com /rna/northern-blot (1439 words)

	Northern Blot - all about northern blots and northern blotting
		“neverfail“ northern blot — descripton of the procedure.
		Of course you will find anything you need to perform a northern blot at ambion.com, whether you want to do it radioactive or not.
		Increase the lifespan of Northern blots to 10 hybridizations and stripping cycles by using StripAble™ probes.
	acribio.ibh.uni-hohenheim.de /northern-blot.html (367 words)

	The Scientist : Northern Exposure (Site not responding. Last check: )
		A Northern blotting experiment involves the electrophoretic resolution of RNA samples on a formaldehyde-agarose gel, transfer of the RNA onto a solid support (such as a nitrocellulose or nylon membrane), and the detection of specific transcripts using a labeled probe.
		One advantage of Northern blotting is the ease with which comparative analyses can be carried out, as researchers can run RNA samples representing different developmental time points, tissues, or organisms on a single gel.
		This "reverse" Northern analysis is akin to microarray analysis, and it offers scientists the chance to examine all of the known gene members in families such as the JAK/STAT pathway or the MAP kinase pathway simultaneously in whichever tissue is the focus of their research.
	www.the-scientist.com /article/display/12501 (2227 words)

	Northern Blot by Tyler Burgess (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Northern Blot technique is used in nucleic acid hybridization to find a specific gene on the RNA strand (Biotech).
		In the Northern Blot, RNA pieces are hybridized into radioactive probes that are selective for the specific nucleotide sequence needed.
		Scientists can narrow their search in the Northern Blot when the smear occurs because the sizes of the mRNA strands are so varied, they can eliminate the extremes and work with just the section of strands within the limits of the specified target.
	www.samford.edu /~gekeller/burgess.html (321 words)

	Real Time PCR Tutorial
		Northern blotting and RPAs are the gold standards, since no amplification is involved, whereas in situ hybridization is qualitative rather than quantitative.
		The first two calculation methods for real-time that we are going to focus on are equivalent to the calculations that we usually perform when we do a northern blot.
		The image at the left shows a virtual northern blot with two lanes, one with RNA from control cells, the other with RNA from the experimental sample (e.g.
	pathmicro.med.sc.edu /pcr/realtime-home.htm (5772 words)

	Elimination of Mixed Waste Generation from Northern Blot Washings
		Northern blotting is a method used in molecular biology to identify specific ribonucleic acid (RNA) fragments which have been resolved by gel electrophoresis via transfer of the band pattern to a filter matrix.
		A recent change to the Northern blot procedure has eliminated the generation of mixed waste (waste that contains chemicals regulated by the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act combined with radioactive materials) by substituting either methanol or ethanol with Sodium Chloride/Sodium Citrate (SSC) and Sodium Dodecylsulfate (SDS) during the blot washing.
		The Northern blot procedure transfers RNA separated from electrophoresis gel to a filter matrix for subsequent detection and analytical techniques.
	www.p2000.umich.edu /chemical_waste/cw9.htm (440 words)

	[No title]
		Northern blot analysis of RNA remains the preferred method for assessing the size, number, and relative abundance of gene transcripts.
		MessageMap Northern blots are effective when used with traditional radiolabeled probes or chemiluminescent protocols.
		The blot was developed with radiolabeled human ß-actin DNA probe (Panel A), followed by stripping with 1% SDS for 5 minutes at 95°C, and then reprobed with radiolabeled human alpha-fetoprotein (Panel B).
	www.stratagene.com /products/displayProduct.aspx?pid=390 (253 words)

	RNA/Northern Blotting Protocols
		Overview: Northern blotting or Northern hybridization is a technique for detection of specific RNA sequences.
		Northern blotting was developed by James Alwine and George Stark at Stanford University and was named such by analogy to Southern blotting.
		Northern blotting involves the following steps: 1) Total cellular RNA or mRNA is size-separated by denaturing agarose gel electrophoresis, 2) The separated RNA is transferred onto a nylon membrane; 3) The RNA is then detected with isotopic or non-isotopic labeled complementary DNA or RNA probe.
	www.protocol-online.org /prot/Molecular_Biology/RNA/Northern_Blotting (445 words)

	Northern blotting (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In a tongue-in-cheek fashion, those who used a similar method for locating a sequence of RNA named it Northern blotting.
		It is also known as Northern hybridization or RNA hybridization.
		The procedure for and theory behind Northern blotting is almost identical to that of Southern blotting, except you are working with RNA instead of DNA.
	lifesciences.asu.edu /resources/mamajis/northern/northern.html (96 words)

	Endy:Northern Blot, 32P End-Labeled Probes - OpenWetWare
		Expose the side of the blot with the bound RNA to a UV light source (254 nm).
		If blot dimensions are less than 8 x 9 cm, place blot in a 50 mL conical tube, RNA facing in.
		If blot is too large for a 50 mL conical tube, use large glass tubes and Baker Lab hybridization oven.
	openwetware.org /wiki/Endy:Northern_Blot,_32P_End-Labeled_Probes (1347 words)

	NorthernLIGHT Blots (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Northern Blots are ideal for visualizing splice variants or for validating your Array expression data.
		The probe was hybridized to the Human Northern Blot and detection was performed as described in the Northern Blot User Manual.
		Panel B: A beta-actin cDNA probe was biotinylated and hybridized to the Human Northern Blot as described for Panel A. The expected size for beta-actin is 1.76 kb.
	www.panomics.com /NL1000.cfm (362 words)

	Northern Blot and In Situ Hybridization Analyses of MARCKS mRNA Expression in the Cerebral Cortex of the Macaque Monkey ...
		Northern Blot and In Situ Hybridization Analyses of MARCKS mRNA Expression in the Cerebral Cortex of the Macaque Monkey -- Higo et al.
		Northern Blot and In Situ Hybridization Analyses of MARCKS mRNA Expression in the Cerebral Cortex of the Macaque Monkey
		Dissected neocortical regions for Northern blot analysis are shown on the left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex.
	cercor.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/12/5/552 (6911 words)

	Northern blotting
		In a tongue-in-cheek fashion, those who used a similar method for locating a sequence of RNA named it Northern blotting.
		It is also known as Northern hybridization or RNA hybridization.
		The procedure for and theory behind Northern blotting is almost identical to that of Southern blotting, except you are working with RNA instead of DNA.
	askabiologist.asu.edu /expstuff/mamajis/northern/northern.html (96 words)

	Exiqon - LNA for microRNA research - Detection Northern blot
		Northern blot analysis of two duplicate dilution series of A. thaliana total RNA hybridized with 32P-labeled DNA and miRCURY LNA™ microRNA Detection Probes, respectively, for A.
		Pre-designed miRCURY LNA™ microRNA Detection Probes for Northern Blotting are available for all known microRNAs in invertebrates, vertebrates and plants as registered and annotated in the microRNA registry (miRBase) at The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.
		For researchers who wish to detect microRNAs on Northern blots by non-radioactive methods, we recommend the use of DIG-labeled probes.
	www.exiqon.com /SEEEMS/24.asp (292 words)

	IngentaConnect Exploring the foundation of genomics: a Northern blot reference s... (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In this paper we aim to create a reference data collection of Northern blot results and demonstrate how such a collection can enable a quantitative comparison of modern expression profiling techniques, a central component of functional genomics studies.
		Historically, Northern blots were the de facto standard for determining RNA transcript levels.
		The highest correlations to the Northern blot data were determined with microarrays for the subset of genes observed to be specifically expressed in a single tissue in the Northern analyses.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/jws/cfg/2004/00000005/00000008/art00003 (386 words)

	mRNA Quantitation Techniques: Considerations for Experimental Design and Application -- Reue 128 (11): 2038 -- Journal ...
		Northern blotting is the RNA counterpart of the Southern blot technique that was developed for DNA analysis by E. Southern
		Northern blots are useful primarily to compare relative abundance of a particular mRNA species present in samples under different
		Northern blot analysis of apolipoprotein (apo) A-IV and apo A-I mRNA levels in intestine of control (Ct) and apo A-IV transgenic (Tg) mice.
	jn.nutrition.org /cgi/content/full/128/11/2038 (4990 words)

	Protocol for Northern and Southern Blot with DIG Probes (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Detection of single-copy genes in DNA from transgenic plants by nonradioactive Southern blot analysis.
		Incubate the sealed blot at 37°C for 5 to 15 min to enhance the luminescent reaction.
		You can mark the positgions of ribosomal bands are with a pencil, and hold a dried blot behind you X-ray film to see if this corresponds to the sizes of your RNA markers, and also to make sure you haven't got non-specific hybridization to the ribosomal rRNA.
	www.bioinformatics.vg /Methods/dignorthernf.htm (2038 words)

	Nature Protocols: Northern Blot analysis of mRNA from mammalian polyribosomes
		Northern Blot analysis of mRNA from mammalian polyribosomes
		As each component is added to the blot, a pipette can be used to gently roll out bubbles.
		Although RT-PCR can be used to detect the mRNA extracted from the sucrose gradients, the Northern blot protocol has the advantage that it can give simultaneous information about alternatively spliced mRNAs and size.
	www.natureprotocols.com /2006/09/15/northern_blot_analysis_of_mrna.php (3630 words)

	Premade Northern Blot
		The amount of each RNA loaded onto MTN Blots is normalized such that the β-actin hybridization signal is of comparable intensity in every lane.
		MTN Blots are ready for immediate use with radioactive or nonisotopic probes.
		RNA loaded onto a blot is adjusted based upon the hybridization intensity of a given housekeeping gene (such as β-actin).
	www.clontech.com /products/detail.asp?product_id=10469&tabno=2 (382 words)

	[No title]
		Membrane is covered with 6-7 pieces of presoaked blot paper.
		A few presoaked paper towels (cut in half) are then placed on the blot paper A 3 inch stack of paper towels, halved, are then placed on top.
		Right before you go home for the day replace the stack of paper towels, no need to re wet the first couple, just place dry ones on top of the blot paper and put book back in place.
	www.unc.edu /~rathmell/protocols/northern.doc (537 words)

	Sensitive and specific detection of microRNAs by northern blot analysis using LNA-modified oligonucleotide probes -- ...
		Sensitive and specific detection of microRNAs by northern blot analysis using LNA-modified oligonucleotide probes -- Válóczi et al.
		Assessment of the sensitivity of LNA3-modified probes compared with DNA probes in the detection of miR171 and miR319 in A.thaliana flowers by northern blot analysis.
		Northern blot analysis of three mouse and two A.thaliana microRNAs using LNA3-modified oligonucleotide probes.
	nar.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/32/22/e175 (4011 words)

	Blot - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A blot can refer to several different things.
		In biology, a blot is a method of transferring proteins, DNA, RNA or protein onto a carrier.
		In the board game backgammon a blot is an unprotected checker.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Blot (139 words)

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