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	Norton (grape) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Norton grapes, a grape cultivar of Vitis aestivalis are grown in the Midwest and Mid-Atlantic States and are native to the United States.
		The Norton or a very closely related species was cultivated by the Cherokees and used in some of their sacred rituals.
		Vineyards were pulled up and Concord grapes were planted in their place, for juice and jam.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Norton_(grape) (267 words)

	Norton / Cynthiana - Appellation America
		Norton, also known as Cynthiana, is the oldest native North American varietal in commercial cultivation today.
		In fact, so highly regarded was Norton that in the early stages of Europe’s recovery from phylloxera, Norton was earmarked as the varietal savior of their ravaged vineyards.
		Norton, like other varieties of Vitis aestivalis, presents problems for traditional propagation methods as it is reluctant to root from hardwood cuttings, and supplying vines for vineyard expansion can take a protracted amount of time.
	wine.appellationamerica.com /grape-varietal/Norton-\|-Cynthiana.html (626 words)

	Sauce Magazine • Norton: Missouri’s State Grape Harbors Juicy Little Secrets
		Norton, Vitis aestivalis, was first recorded in 1823, boasting one of those classic 19th century names — “Norton’s Virginia Seedling.” It seems that one Daniel Norton of Richmond sent some cuttings of the eponymous plant to Thomas Jefferson Randolph, grandson of the former president.
		Norton’s other secret is that, as it turns out, resveratrol is a blessing to grape growers as well, for it may help defend the plant against invasion by microorganisms.
		The latter is a particularly rough, bitter acid that causes an unpleasant sensation in the mouth known as mid-palate bite.
	www.saucemagazine.com /article/1/40 (1907 words)

	Winegrape Glossary
		It is the favored grape of the Anjou region of France and, although naturally a hard, acidic grape slow to mature, is made into fine sweet wines that age well for a least ten years in the bottle.
		Australian grapes, particularly those grown in the Hunter Valley region where the fruit has also been historically known as Hunter (River) Riesling, are famous for producing dry and sweet wines from this varietal that will age admirably for 20 to 30 years.
		Minor grape originating from a 19th century vinifera cross using the Aramon and ancient Teinturier native vine, resulting in a variety possessing the pink flesh and deep red coloring characteristics of its ancient ancestor.
	www.wineloverspage.com /wineguest/wgg.html (10460 words)

	NWAnews.com :: Northwest Arkansas' News Source
		It was during a somewhat monotonous day of lectures in London as my instructor barraged her students with an overload of information about grapes, origins, yields, and a spectrum of facts and associations that needed to be put to memory.
		Norton and Cynthiana show up on many wine labels throughout Arkansas and Missouri, but in most of the wine-drinking world, they remain unknown.
		Norton has had tough competition from the start with more traditionally popular grapes, such as cabernet sauvignon and pinot noir, known as “noble” varieties.
	www.nwanews.com /adg/Food/148786 (510 words)

	Missouri Grape Growers Association (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		This grape promises fair to become a dangerous rival to Norton’s Virginia, which variety it resembles so closely in wood and foliage, that it is difficult if not impossible to distinguish it from that variety.
		This new grape, grown from the seed of the Concord, by that enthusiastic and warm-hearted horticulturist, SAMUEL MILLER, of Lebanon, Pa., promises to be one of the greatest acquisitions to our list of really hardy and good grapes, which have lately come before the public.
		For family use, there is at present no grape here at the West, which is superior to this in quality; and although it will not pay to plant largely, either for market or wine, yet no one who can appreciate a really good grape, should be without a few vines of it at least.
	www.missourigrapegrowers.org /hu8.shtml (2837 words)

	Farm Diaries - Chrysalis Vineyards (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Norton of Richmond, Virginia, crossed several varieties of grapes and came up with the version he named for himself.
		Norton falls under the category vitis aestivalis and is certainly the prime example of that species.
		Norton is native to Virginia and it's a summer crop.
	www.vdacs.virginia.gov /news/d-chrysalis.html (5700 words)

	Norton
		A half-dozen or so commercial grape varieties of native American ancestry are grown in a broad swath from western Kansas to eastern Virginia, and many wineries turn the odd fruit-cocktail foxyness to their advantage in sweet wines, where such characteristics are tolerable.
		Prices for their Norton and Norton wines have tripled and quadrupled in recent years — now averaging more than $20 a bottle at the wineries and in-state liquor stores — and they cannot make enough to satisfy their local and regional customers.
		But Norton’s long history as a cultivated variety certainly must be seen as a mixed blessing, for while recorded commentary of all manner exists about the wine, much is of a dubious nature.
	www.chrysaliswine.com /norton.htm (4330 words)

	Fredericksburg.com - HOW GRAPE THOU ART Norton Virginia Seedling enjoying Old Dominion rebirth
		Norton was within a couple of years of age as Jefferson's grandson and, in retrospect, it makes sense that Norton would've been working with his contemporary.
		Horton explained the Norton grape is one of the few grapes that will actually achieve naturally the desired sugar levels for making wine, ideally with a Brix rating (a sugar measurement) of about 24, which will yield a finished wine of about 13 percent alcohol.
		Norton was designated Missouri's state grape in 2003, and the grape is catching on in other states as well, with New Jersey wineries winning awards in state competitions with Norton wines.
	fredericksburg.com /News/FLS/2005/102005/10082005/134587 (2617 words)

	Norton Grape - vitis aestivalis
		The grape was tried but did not bear well in California conditions but thrived as far north as Bass Island in Lake Erie off the Ohio shore, and east to New York and New Jersey.
		Although Norton was described in texts and catalogs for a century and a half as distinct from Cynthiana, and many growers still insist there are subtle distinctions in the field, modern isozyme analysis has proved them to be genetically identical.
		Documenting many years of experience in grape growing and winemaking, this is a journal of one man's knowledge of and passion for wine.
	www.thewineman.com /nortongrape56.htm (1554 words)

	Norton - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Sir Gregory Norton, 17th century English MP Hiram Norton, historical figure in Upper Canada
		Norton Sound, an inlet of the Bering Sea
		Norton (grape), a variety of grape also known as Cynthiana
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Norton (226 words)

	Winemaking assumes festive air in region - The Washington Times: Washington Weekend (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		The Norton grape appeared in the early 1800s, when it was popular to fashion new American plant species.
		It is unknown whether Virginia backyard hybridist Dr. Daniel Norton, looking to make a quality red table wine, discovered the Norton growing wild, or developed it as a hybrid, but by the mid-1800s, Norton seedlings were being sold in plant nursery catalogs, and were spread west by immigrant settlers.
		Norton grapes are considered desirable because they are resistant to disease and mold, temperature-hardy, and grow on their own root without the need for grafting.
	washingtontimes.com /weekend/20030916-113401-3725r.htm (2584 words)

	Hermann Hill Newsletter
		The Norton grape is said to be the main variety responsible for the great success of Missouri's wine industry in the second half of the 19th century.
		Norton wine was world-renowned at the time, and in 1873 a Missouri Norton won a gold medal at the Vienna World Exhibition.
		The 2002 Norton won a silver medal at the 2004 Missouri Wine Competition, and was the featured wine served with the entree course at the Missouri Senate Wine Dinner in April of this year.
	www.hermannhill.com /newsletter/05may-news.html (2012 words)

	Cynthiana - The American Wine Grape
		Few species of grapes, can make enough natural sugar, in most years, to be made into a traditional dry wine.
		That grape is called 'Norton' (scientific name: vitis aestivalis) and it was once a staple of American winemaking and vineyard planting.
		Cynthiana Grapes produce a rich, full-bodied red wine with a dry character similar in style to Cabernet Sauvignon but with more spice.
	www.vinebydesign.com /Cynthiana.htm (351 words)

	johncombest.com/ss071403.html
		Norton grapes produce a rich, hearty, dry, red wine with some aroma and flavor similarities to those that come from France's Rhone Valley.
		The grapes were discovered in Missouri by a group of German immigrants who relocated from Philadelphia.
		Missouri’s grape and wine industry is surrounded by a litany of festivals, but perhaps the most popular is the grape stomp, which takes place every summer at the Stone Hill Winery in Hermann.
	www.johncombest.com /ss071403.html (520 words)

	Norton: The Grape. - from Spittoon.biz (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Norton There is a bit of a buzz going around concerning Norton (the grape not the antivirus software).
		This is one top-notch wine,' Fiore said Friday after a Norton tasting session at the meeting of the Eastern Section of the American Society of Enology and Viticulture (winemakers and grape growers).
		The Norton wines were described as earthy and spicy, with a velvety feel between Merlot and Pinot Noir.
	www.spittoon.biz /norton_the_grape.html (508 words)

	My Virginia Wine Spot
		First a little spill on Norton, since Norton and Cabernet Franc are the flagship red wines of Virginia that have the potential to exceed expectation.
		Norton, also known as Cythiana is one of the few Native American grape varieties that can produce quality red wine which rivals some European reds.
		The grape blossomed in the 1830âs and was widely planted throughout much of the Eastern half of the United States.
	vinespot.blogspot.com (2626 words)

	Slow Food USA
		The Norton grape is the oldest cultivated American grape.
		Today, farming of the Norton grape is concentrated in Missouri, where it is the official state grape.
		The grape is highly adaptable to local growing conditions, as it is durable, hearty and nearly immune to all disease.
	www.slowfoodusa.org /ark/norton_grape.html (173 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		With the United States consuming over 245 million 9-liter cases of wine annually, it is not surprising that grapes are highly valued.
		After gathering shoot samples from a greenhouse, DNA was extracted from three varieties of grapes: V. vinifera (Chardonnay), V. rotundafolia (Carlos), V. aestalis (Norton).
		When comparing the base length of Carlos, Chardonnay and Norton grape varieties, it was clear that the Norton grape variety has a specific genetic difference.
	www.boomspeed.com /sandman333/Abstract2.doc (213 words)

	Winegrape Glossary
		Among the biggest of the American cultivar grapes it is firm and meaty with a light Muscat flavor and is none-slipskin.
		American hybrid grape derived from a Concord seedling pollinated by mixed pollens of Delaware, and the long-forgotten Vinifera, Labruscana, Bourquiniana cross Walter variety.
		Seedless hybrid table grape that is one of the parents, along with the Athens variety, of the Marquis cool-climate wine/table grape.
	www.marylandwine.com /mgga/growing/glossary4.html (10214 words)

	Norton / Cynthiana Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		A contribution to the chemistry of grape pigments.
		The Delaware grape in Missouri — Norton's Virginia.
		Patterson, W.K.; Zoecklein, B.W. Vegetative and berry chemistry response to canopy manipulation and ethephon in 'Norton' Grapes.
	library.missouristate.edu /links/agnic/vit/norton.htm (2447 words)

	Norma Lee Inspired Songs And Lyrics
		Vidal blanc is a white grape with a neutral flavor.
		Cynthiana norton is a robust red grape.Both are delicious as jelly, juice or wine, said Hughes' wife, Jane.Last year, the vines produced about 20 blossoms for picking, Jane Hughes said.
		"In March it was all brown vines."Now the grapes are picture-perfect clusters sprouting from leafy vines."One thing I love is the beauty of it," Jane Hughes said as she walked between rows of cynthiana nortons.After three years, Jack Hughes said he's starting to get the hang of the grape business.
	norma.fam-lee.net /print.php?sid=302 (698 words)

	Summit Lake Winery (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		Vidal is a descendant of the St. Emilion grape, a winter-hardy and widely planted French-American hybrid that ripens late.
		The Seyval grape is a descendant of the Chardonnay and is on e of the best known French-American hybrids.
		This blend of Norton grapes is fortified with alcohol during fermentation, which gives this hand-bottled, sweet dessert wine, subtle aromas of pepper and truffles.
	www.summitlakewinery.com /winelist.htm (606 words)

	The Fruit Blog
		This is another variant on the 'Norton' story, and though I disagree with it on a few points, and the Ambers' research has turned up many of the facts the author claims are unknown, it touches on other aspects of the story, and is an interesting read itself.
		For those unfamiliar with 'Norton', it's a fairly old American wine grape, of rather unclear origins (though it's fairly obvious on casual inspection that it has a fair proportion of Vitis aestivalis in it).
		Cliff Ambers does his own grape breeding, heavily relying on eastern American wild grapes, and has been rather vocal about his ideas of a "new American viticulture" (You can read about his work at the website for his vineyard, Chateau Z).
	thefruitblog.blogspot.com (2017 words)

	Virginia Wine Guide: Explore Virginia Wines
		Chrysalis Vineyards--named symbolically for the rare nectar of fine wine emerging from the grape, just as the butterfly emerges from her cocoon--was established in 1997 by Jennifer McCloud.
		Located on 209 acres just outside the village of Middleburg in the beautiful Virginia Piedmont, Chrysalis Vineyard consists of 51 acres of unusual Spanish and French varietals and the native Virginia grape, Norton, along with substantial plantings of traditional grapes.
		In addition, Chrysalis is the most innovative winery in the state when it comes to vinifying the often touchy Norton grape; its Norton Reserve is a complex wine of dark fruit, smoke, and minerals with the grip to stand up to hearty fare.
	www.virginiawineguide.com /tour03_01 (588 words)

	Virginia Wines - News - Virginia Norton Grape Wines Display Versatility with Food
		McLEAN, VA — Wines made from the Norton grape, once considered among the finest in the world, may be poised for a comeback – at least around the dinner table.
		That was the consensus of a recent food paring organized by the Virginia Wine and Food Society.
		Traditionally styled dry Nortons, such as the Horton 1993 and 1995 offered at the tasting, have more earthy Rhone-like flavors and showed that they have a special affinity to wild mushrooms as well as meats such as lamb and venison.
	www.virginiawines.org /news/2002/121402norton.html (334 words)

	Virginia Wines - News - Chrysalis Vineyards Continues Rapid Growth Plans in Virginia
		MIDDLEBURG, Va., March 19, 2002 -- Chrysalis Vineyards, a leading vineyard and winery growing rare alternative grape varieties in Virginia, announces today five new Chrysalis wines will be bottled March 29-31, at the winery in Middleburg, Virginia.
		Chrysalis Vineyards invites the general public to join us at the winery in Middleburg, to experience how wine goes from the barrel to the bottle to the box.
		The Norton variety is really driving our mission to proudly restore Virginia wines to world renown, and celebrate the homecoming of Norton, the Real American Grape."
	www.virginiawines.org /news/2002/032102chrysalis.html (278 words)

	Stone Hill Winery :: Wines&Grapes :: Wine List :: Red
		BLEND INFORMATION: The Norton grape is a true native American grape of the species vitis aestivalis and the official state grape of Missouri.
		Since the Norton grape evolved under midwestern, continental growing conditions, it is perfectly suited to our long, warm summers and cold winters.
		Our Estate Bottled Norton is produced from 100 percent estate-grown Norton grapes from our Kemperberg and Cross J vineyards.
	www.stonehillwinery.com /winesgrapes/norton.aspx (386 words)

	Valenzano Winery, Southern New Jersey's BEST Local Winery! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-24)
		This wine is produced from the Cynthiana (Norton) grape that has recently been rediscovered for its fascinating wine qualities.
		All of the grapes harvested from this vineyard are blended and aged in American oak for about 2.5 years.
		Like the Chambourcin, this variety of grapes is ideal for the Southern New Jersey climate.
	www.valenzanowine.com /selection.php (692 words)

	WineDay: Saint James Never Fails
		As for their Norton wines, the '94 Reserve won best Norton in the country (Wine Enthusiast).
		Marketing Director Sheri Hofherr tell me their Norton sales are at an all-time high.
		Grapes - St. James makes over 20 wines from a wide variety of American and French hybrid grapes, e.g., Delaware, Seyval Blanc, etc.
	www.globalgourmet.com /food/wineday/1999/wd0299/wd021299.html (422 words)

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