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Topic: Norwegian Computing Center

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	Ole-Johan Dahl - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Professor emeritus Ole-Johan Dahl (October 12, 1931 – June 29, 2002) was a Norwegian computer scientist and is considered to be one of the fathers of Simula and object-oriented programming along with Kristen Nygaard.
		Like all good computer scientists, his expertise ranged from the practical application of ideas to their formal mathematical underpinning to ensure the validity of the approach.
		Programmer's handbook for the Ferranti Mercury Computer, Frederic at the Norwegian Defense Research Establishment / By O.-J. Dahl, and Jan V. Garwick.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ole-Johan_Dahl (568 words)

	NR - Norwegian Computing Center
		The Norwegian Computing Center's Remote Sensing Group has about 20 years of experience in research & development, particulary in advanced methodology for automatic and semi automatc analysis from spaceborne and airborne instruments.
		Norwegian Computing Center begun its activities with remote sensing through a large project for NTNF's chartmapping program (now Norwegian Research Council), where the Norwegian Computing Center developed of methods for satellite image analysis.
		The Norwegian Computing Center is also co-ordinator of some of the EU projects.
	remotesensing.nr.no (251 words)

	COOL Start Page
		The Norwegian Computing Center was the cradle both of object-oriented programming (the SIMULA languages, the DELTA and BETA languages) and of the "Scandinavian School" in system development (through the Trade Union-related projects resulting, e.g., in the Data Agreements and provisions in the law on work environment).
		The Simula Research Laboratory is a new central Norwegian laboratory for basic research, established by the Departments of Informatics at the universities in Oslo, Bergen, Trondheim and Tromsø, and the Norwegian Computing Center and SINTEF (The Foundation for Scientific and Industrial Research at the Norwegian Institute of Technology).
		NCC conducts contract research for a wide range of industrial, commercial and public organisation in the national as well as the international market.
	heim.ifi.uio.no /~kristen/FORSKNINGSDOK_MAPPE/F_COOL1.html (6971 words)

	COOL International Exchange Workshop (COOLIE-1), Northeastern University
		David Lorenz is an Assistant Professor in the College of Computer Science at Northeastern University.
		The consortium partners in Norway are: the new InterMedia center, the new Simula Research Laboratory, the Department of Informatics, all at the University of Oslo, and the Norwegian Computing Center.
		His focus on computer program verification led to the development of his theory of constructive types and subtypes based on computer-aided concept formation and reasoning.
	www.ccs.neu.edu /home/lorenz/COOL (1176 words)

	Mainpage, European Football Championship 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Aftenposten, a Norwegian newspaper, will give daily comments on some of our calculations and therefore we have links to their web-pages as well.
		The probability calculations are done by simulating ("playing" on a computer) all remaining games numerous times.
		Before the cup starts, expert opinions from Norwegian football experts and sports journalists in Aftenposten give the basis for the strength of each team.
	em.nr.no /indexEng.html (381 words)

	Compiling SIMULA
		In 1958 the NCC was given charge of running the Central Bureau of Statistic's DEUCE computer and, as mentioned in Chapter 3, this led to a reorganization of the computing center.
		Nevertheless, when NCC eventually agreed to take responsibility for the two compiler development projects, their conditions for doing this were that sufficient external financing was at bay, and that the Centre as such would not incur expenses.
		His contacts and cooperation with the Norwegian labor movement in the late 1960s lead to a big research project[97] where Nygaard and his researchers at NCC collaborated with members of the labor movement to build up this knowledge base.
	staff.um.edu.mt /jskl1/simula.html (14246 words)

	Hovedside FORSKNING
		The consortium partners in Norway are the new InterMedia center, the new Simula Research Laboratory, the Department of Informatics, all at the University of Oslo, and the Norwegian Computing Center, headed by InterMedia.
		NCC decided it wanted to participate in the further development and play a major part in the implementation of the ideas.
		On January 1st, this new Norwegian research center in informatics will be formally established as an institute ownedby six owners: University of Oslo (25%), Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim (25%), University of Bergen (15%), University of Tromsø (15%), Norwegain Computing Centre (10%) and SINTEF (10%).
	heim.ifi.uio.no /~kristen/FORSKNINGSDOK_MAPPE/FORSKNING_MAIN.html (2613 words)

	JAOO2001
		He did research for Norwegian trade unions on planning, control, and data processing, all evaluated in light of the objectives of organised labour (1971-1973).
		Kristen Nygaard was working at the Norwegian Defense Research Establishment (1948-60), was Director of Research at the Norwegian Computing Center (1960-84), professor in Aarhus, Denmark (1975-1976) and then professor in Oslo (1977-1996).
		They usually start with "sufficiently simple examples", introducing the calculation/algorithm view of what computing is about.Object-orientation is something "advanced", only presented later in a course, when the students' thinking is already thoroughly brainwashed by the older view.
	www.jaoo.dk /jaoo2001/Speaker.nygaard.html (818 words)

	Remembering Our AIS Colleagues
		In 1960 he was employed by the Norwegian Computing Center, responsible for building up the NCC as a research institute in the 1960s, becoming its Director of Research in 1962.
		He was the leader of GOODS (General Object-Oriented Distributed Systems), a three-year Norwegian Research Council-supported project starting in 1997, aiming at enriching object-oriented languages and system development methods by new basic concepts that make it possible to describe the relation between layered and/or distributed programs and the hardware and people carrying out these programs.
		He was also heading a team at the Norwegian Computing Center, aiming at establishing a commercial implementation of the GOODS idea:.
	galletta.business.pitt.edu /tributes/nygaard.html (897 words)

	Mainpage, Football World Cup 2006 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		During the FIFA World Cup 2006 the Norwegian Computing Center (NR) will daily consider the chances of every team participating in the cup, based on a probability model.
		The probability calculations are done by simulating ("playing" on a computer) all remaining matches numerous times.
		The Norwegian Computing Center has a strong position as a research institute within statistical-mathematical modelling and computer science.
	vm.nr.no /indexEng.html (415 words)

	Your mobile computer is a stationary computer
		The desktop metaphor in mobile computing is, thus, a symptom of the confusion of operations and functionality in a stable use context.
		The core of the argument is that mobile computing is characterized by having to manage continually changing use contexts, whilst stationary computing deals with one fixed use context only.
		The operations of any computer are products of the artifact’s functionality and the use context, a point that is easily missed from stationary computing development since its use context is so stable.
	www.teco.uni-karlsruhe.de /hcscw/sub/110.Ljungberg/CSCW98.html (2132 words)

	Pages of Tribute, Department of Informatics, University of Oslo
		The IEEE John von Neumann Medal was established by the Board of Directors in 1990 and may be presented annually "for outstanding achievements in computer-related science and technology." The achievements may be theoretical, technological, or entrepreneurial, and need not have been made immediately prior to the date of the award.
		The award is a recognition of the Norwegian scientists’ important contribution to modern computing, by their introduction of the concepts underlying object oriented programming.
		The most important computer languages today, for instance Java, are based on the discoveries made during the development of Simula.
	www.ifi.uio.no /adminf/tribute.html (1037 words)

	Institutt for informatikk, Universitetet i Oslo
		The Simula languages, developed by Dahl and Nygaard at the Norwegian Computing Center in Oslo, Norway in the 1960's, enabled software to be built in layers of abstraction, each one relying on a platform implemented by the lower layers.
		Nygaard was involved in large scale simulation studies at the Norwegian Defense Research Establishment from 1949-60.
		His main interest has been the theory of computer program verification, and among his results has been a theory of constructive types and subtypes based on computer aided concept formation and reasoning.
	www.ifi.uio.no /aktuelt/arkiv/2002/02/award.html (646 words)

	Roxar, Norwegian Computing Center To Further Develop Stochastic Reservoir Modelling, Maximize Reservoir Performance
		The agreement, which was made with the Norwegian Computing Center's Statistical Analysis of Natural Resources Data (SAND) department, will ensure that Roxar retains its position as the leading provider of stochastic reservoir modelling software through its flagship 3D reservoir modelling software, IRAP RMS and in particular the module, RMSgeoplex.
		The SAND department was established in 1984 with its primary goal being to use statistical methods to reduce and quantify risk and uncertainty within the reservoir through the stochastic modelling of the geology, including upscaling and history matching.
		His words were back up by Petter Abrahamsen, director of SAND at the Norwegian Computing Center:"We are delighted to be partnering with Roxar today to further the development of reservoir modelling and bring geological realism and the scale of heterogeneity -- so important to fluid flow -- more into the model.
	www.nickles.com /ntm/extra.asp?article=NTM2006_MD0000.html (850 words)

	Roxar - Maximum Reservoir Performance
		The Norwegian Computing Center will use Roxar as an exclusive commercialization partner for reservoir modeling software and, in return, Roxar will commit to a certain volume of purchased research projects.
		The Norwegian Computing Center was one of the key architects behind the core simulation algorithms of RMSgeoplex.
		The Norwegian Computing Center is a private, independent, non-profit research foundation and one of the leading technical and industrial research institutes in Norway.
	www.roxar.com /article.php?articleID=2699&PHPSESSID=e497ca8b664d3b7c9e5096c92cc51839 (884 words)

	Internet Marketing and the Norwegian Tourism Industry: A National Coordinated Marketing Effort on the Internet
		The purpose of this paper is (1) to present the NIN project and the Norwegian Tourism Guide, a Web site launched in January 1997, and (2) to discuss interactive marketing and interactivity as a basis for further development for the ongoing Norwegian project.
		The goal of the project was to introduce and extend the use of computer networks within the tourism industry, particularly for connecting the numerous small- and medium-sized businesses around the country.
		The Norwegian tourism business is organized as a hierarchy with NORTRA on top, then five regional tourist boards covering most of the country, a number of local tourist boards or "destination companies" on the next level, and suppliers at the bottom.
	www.isoc.org /inet97/proceedings/C6/C6_1.HTM (3531 words)

	A History and Future of Computing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		The relevance of CAD to the computing age was to be demonstrated in 1980 by Meade et al.
		Now that computing is an integral part of society, we need to be sure that kids of the next generation learn to be good programmers.
		Computer science still seems to be looking for the magic bullet that will cause people to write correct programs without having to think.
	www.async.caltech.edu /~kp/history (2363 words)

	Ole-Johan Dahl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Ole-Johan Dahl was born in 1931 in Mandal, Norway.
		In 1963 he joined the Norwegian Computing Center for full-time work on SIMULA, and in 1963 he became professor of computer science, then a new discipline at the University of Oslo.
		From 1964 to 1976 he was the Norwegian delegate to IFIP Technical Committee 2 (Programming Languages), and from 1970 to 1977 a member of IFIP Working Group 2.2 (Language Definition).
	tennessee.cc.vt.edu /~hopl/Simula_files/DahlBio.html (192 words)

	SIMULA
		Simula, an extension of Algol developed at the Norwegian Computing Center by O.-J. Dahl and K. Nygaard, is process-oriented: A process (user) continues until it is prevented from execution.
		The languages used to prepare computer programs dictate in many respects the thought patterns of the programmers, the questions they ask their users, the difficulty of implementing particular algorithms, and thus to a considerable extent what actually gets done.
		In April 1961 NCC received an informal proposal from the Danish Computing Center in Copenhagen regarding possible future cooperation.[14] At the time, the Computing Centreandquot;s director Nils Ivar Beck, had ideas for a large network of Scandinavian computing centers called the Scandinavian Electronic System.
	hopl.murdoch.edu.au /showlanguage.prx?exp=170&language=SIMULA (6447 words)

	Norwegian bioinformatics platform
		In collaboration with the Norwegian Microarray Consortium (NMC), CBU arranges a five-days course on analysis of microarray gene expression data.
		The course is open for Norwegian and international students and researchers, and will be held at CBU, in Bergen.
		Norwegian PhD students can be given at least 2 study points for each course (exact number of points is to be evaluated by the faculties).
	www.bioinfo.no /training (1101 words)

	Selected Publications
		B and Nygaard, K., 1968, 1970, 1972, 1984: "SIMULA 67 Common Base Language", Norwegian Computing Center 1968 and later editions.
		Norwegian Computing Center, Oslo and Computer Science Department, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 1976-80.
		DAIMI PB-65, September 1977, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Aarhus.
	folk.uio.no /kristen/FORSKNINGSDOK_MAPPE/F_Publications.html (767 words)

	PCD 10/19/1 Nygaard (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Kristen Nygaard is Professor at the University of Oslo and a consultant at the Norwegian Computing Center.
		His current interests are directed towards the didactical aspects of the teaching of introductory programming and system comprehension, and towards contributions to the creation of a unifying platform for informatics as a science.
		Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility has awarded him its Norbert Wiener Prize for "responsibility in social and professional work".
	hci.stanford.edu /cs547/abstracts/01-02/011019-nygaard.html (524 words)

	kristen
		Nygaard also serves as a consultant to the Norwegian Computing Center and the Simula Research Laboratory.
		Very recently, he, along with his partner and collegue, Ole-Johan Dahl, were presented the ACM 2001 Turing Award for their contributions to the invention of object-oriented programing...
		The Simula languages were developed at the Norwegian Computing Center, Oslo, Norway by Dahl and Nygaard.
	cs.wlu.edu /~whaleyt/classes/313/Turing/Minor-Nygaard.html (850 words)

	OOPSLA 2002 –– Advance Program -- The Development of the Key Object-Oriented Concepts
		Kristen Nygaard is professor (emeritus) of informatics at the University of Oslo, and senior researcher at the Norwegian Computing Center.
		Together with Ole-Johan Dahl he developed the key object-oriented programming concepts at the Norwegian Computing Center from 1961-67.
		After Simula, his focus on computer program verification led to the development of his theory of constructive types and subtypes based on computer-aided concept formation and reasoning.
	oopsla.acm.org /OOPSLA2002/ap/files/spe-concepts.html (256 words)

	Tomra Systems ASA - Research collaboration
		The Productivity 2005 programme is based at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), and has the following philosophy: "Developing competence in the Norwegian manufacturing industry to recognized international standards will be one of the most important competitive advantages for the Norwegian industrial community in the future.
		SINTEF is a non-profit organization performing contract research and development for industry and the public sector in the fields of technology, medicine and the natural and social sciences.
		The Norwegian Computing Center carries out applied research and development in the fields of security, object orientation, interactive media, electronic commerce and EDI, geostatistics, statistical data analysis, video analysis, remote sensing, and business development with IT.
	www.tomra.no /?V_DOC_ID=269 (240 words)

	PDC 90 Program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-23)
		Pelle Ehn has been extensively involved with the Center for Working Life in Stockholm, which was established to assist in the implementation of "co-determination laws" that ensure worker involvement in the introduction of new technologies.
		The Center, which is supported by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts but operates independently of state control, assists small and medium-sized manufacturers and their unions in applying appropriate technology to the workplace using human- centered, skills-based automation as its technical model.
		She has been a member (85-87) of the Norwegian Advisory Council to the Government on IT policy, and a Norwegian representative to IFIP TC 9.
	archive.cpsr.net /conferences/pdc90 (2855 words)

	June 2000 : SynExML as a vehicle for Electronic Patient Records
		She joined the Department of Computer Science in Trinity College Dublin as a lecturer in 1980 where she is now an Associate Professor.
		She established the Knowledge and Data Engineering Research Group in the Department of Computer Science and also, together with colleagues from the Faculty of Health Sciences, the Centre for Health Informatics in Trinity College.
		She is a Chartered Engineer and Fellow of the British Computer Society, Irish Computer Society, Institution of Engineers of Ireland, Irish Academy of Engineering, and the Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland and a member of ACM and IEEE.
	www.infoloom.com /gcaconfs/WEB/paris2000/S32-02.HTM (3920 words)

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