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	Nosocomial infection - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A nosocomial infection is an infection that is caused by staying in a hospital.
		Nosocomial infections contributed to 88,000 deaths in the U.S. in 1995.
		Nosocomial infections are even more alarming in the 21st century as antibiotic resistance spreads.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nosocomial (272 words)

	Nosocomial Infections, Hospital-Acquired Illness, E. coli
		The most common type of nosocomial infections are surgical wound infections, respiratory infections, genitor-urinary infections, as well as gastrointestinal infections.
		Nosocomial infections are not just limited to bacteria; certain fungi such as Candida albicans and aspergillus, as well as, viruses such as Respiratory Syncytial Virus and influenza have also been implicated in a number of hospital acquired infections.
		Nosocomial infections are often caused by breeches of infection control practices and procedures, unclean and non-sterile environmental surfaces, and/or ill hospital staff.
	www.ehagroup.com /nosocomial (406 words)

	Nosocomial Infections (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Nosocomial infections are influenced by the microbes' intrinsic virulence as well as its ability to colonize and survive within institutions.
		Nosocomial LRIs are the most dangerous of nosocomial infections with a case fatality rate of 30%.
		Nosocomial blood stream infections are usually caused by gram-positive organisms including coagulase positive staphylococcus, staphylococcus aureus and enterococci.
	www.complab.nymc.edu /Curriculum/ComPrevMed/NosocomialInfections.htm (1142 words)

	Pneumonia, Nosocomial and Ventilator-Associated (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Mortality attributable to nosocomial infections in the ICU.
		Nosocomial pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients receiving antacid, ranitidine, or sucralfate as prophylaxis for stress ulcer.
		Nosocomial pneumonia in ventilated trauma patients during stress ulcer prophylaxis with sucralfate, antacid, and ranitidine.
	www.umdnj.edu /rspthweb/bibs/pnumo_va.htm (2235 words)

	Nosocomial Infections
		Nosocomial Infections can occur anywhere that "normal" infections occur - that is a patient may enter the hospital with pneumonia, but if that pneumonia shows up two days after admission it's considered nosocomial.
		nosocomial or community acquired (that's the term when the patient was infected before admission.) Patients most frequently get urinary tract infections (uti's) from Foleys left in place too long.
		In the hospital the nosocomial occurrence is accounted for by aspiration or inactivity.
	www.aboutinfectioncontrol.com /nosocomial_infections.htm (423 words)

	Nosocomial Infection Update
		The nosocomial infection rate has remained remarkably stable (approximately five to six hospital-acquired infections per 100 admissions); however, because of progressively shorter inpatient stays over the last 20 years, the rate of nosocomial infections per 1,000 patient days has actually increased 36%, from 7.2 in 1975 to 9.8 in 1995 (Table 1).
		Nosocomial infections typically affect patients who are immunocompromised because of age, underlying diseases, or medical or surgical treatments.
		Widespread use of cephalosporin antibiotics is often cited as a cause of the emergence of enterococci as nosocomial pathogens.
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/eid/vol4no3/weinstein.htm (2437 words)

	Nosocomial infection -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		A nosocomial infection is an (The pathological state resulting from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms) infection that is caused by staying in a (A health facility where patients receive treatment) hospital.
		Nosocomial infections are even more alarming in the 21st century as (additional info and facts about antibiotic resistance) antibiotic resistance spreads.
		Thorough (additional info and facts about hand washing) hand washing by all medical personnel before each patient contact is one of the most effective ways to combat nosocomial infections.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/n/no/nosocomial_infection.htm (286 words)

	Nosocomial Infections - WrongDiagnosis.com
		Nosocomial infections are common with estimates at about 10% of American hospital patients, or more than 2 million cases annually in the USA.
		Nosocomial infections may arise from inhalation of droplets in the air or spread by direct hand contact from hospital staff or visitors.
		Nosocomial Urinary tract infections: Urinary tract infections are the most common nosocomial infections.
	www.wrongdiagnosis.com /mistakes/nosocomial.htm (737 words)

	Acute respiratory distress syndrome and nosocomial pneumonia -- Bauer and Torres 54 (11): 1036 -- Thorax
		the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia increases with the duration
		Diagnosis of nosocomial bacterial pneumonia in acute, diffuse lung injury.
		Nosocomial pneumonia in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
	thorax.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/54/11/1036 (3144 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		This revised guideline is designed to reduce the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia and is intended for use by personnel who are responsible for surveillance and control of infections in acute-care hospitals; the information may not be applicable in long-term-care facilities because of the unique characteristics of such settings.
		Nosocomial bacterial pneumonias are frequently polymicrobial (4,7,9,11,12,15-19), and gram-negative bacilli are usually the predominant organisms ((Table_1)) (2-6,9,11-13).
		Legionnaires disease is a multisystem illness, with pneumonia, caused by Legion-ella sp.
	gilligan.mc.duke.edu /oem/pneumo.htm (14563 words)

	Nosocomial definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Nosocomial: Originating or taking place in a hospital, acquired in a hospital, especially in reference to an infection.
		Nosocomial infections are ones that have been caught in a hospital.
		A nosocomial infection is specifically one that was not present or incubating prior to the patient being admitted to the hospital, but occurred within 72 hours after admittance to the hospital.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=4590 (348 words)

	Infection Control Today - 05/2003: Fighting Nosocomial Pneumonia
		Nosocomial pneumonia, or Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia (HAP) is a serious illness associated with substantial morbidity and mortality rates.
		Traditional preventive measures for nosocomial pneumonia include decreasing aspiration by the patient, preventing cross contamination or colonization via hands of personnel, appropriate disinfection or sterilization of respiratory-therapy devices, use of available vaccines to protect against particular infections, and education of hospital staff and patients.
		Nosocomial pneumonia rates began to increase significantly in 1994, when the rate was 4.7 per 1,000 patient days per year.
	www.infectioncontroltoday.com /articles/351Clinical.html (2767 words)

	Infection Control Today - 05/2002: Nosocomial Infections
		Your use of data is dictated by how the nosocomial infections must be defined: by a descriptive line-listing of nosocomial events: a rate percent by 100 or a rate by 1,000 device or patient days.
		Nosocomial infection events are not limited to patients, nor are all infections preventable; however, the goal should theoretically be zero tolerance.
		As the ICP responsible for defining the purpose, use, definitions and expression of nosocomial infection happenings, you must remain steadfast in your commitment to providing information that serves the greater good, and that which is based in science and epidemiologic principles.
	www.infectioncontroltoday.com /articles/251feat1.html (1745 words)

	CHEST: Nosocomial pneumonia : the importance of a de-escalating strategy for antibiotic treatment of pneumonia in the ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Nosocomial pneumonia is the second most frequent nosocomial infection and represents the leading cause of death from infections that are acquired in the hospital.
		Nosocomial pneumonia (NP) or hospital-acquired pneumonia is defined as pneumonia occurring [greater than or equal to] 48 h after hospital admission and excluding any infection that is incubating at the time of hospital admission.
		Nevertheless, since the risk factors for nosocomial infection and the risk factors for death are directly related, the severity of the underlying disease can influence both events, especially confounding the effect in patients with increasing severity of illness.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0984/is_6_122/ai_96306095 (1202 words)

	MedicCleanAir ® The scientific solution for Human and Economic Problems caused by Indoor Airborne Pollution (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		The prevalence of nosocomial acquired infection was 9.8%.
		Prevalence of nosocomial infections in Udornthanee Hospital 1990.
		Nosocomial infections at the University Hospital of Caracas.
	www.mediccleanair.com /uk/uk54.html (2488 words)

	(3) The Science of Hand Hygiene Section 1: Bacterial Contamination of the Hands: It's Time to Get Serious pg.3 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		The harsh reality is that nosocomial infections, many of which are transmitted from patient to patient by poorly sanitized hands of health care workers, exact a significant toll in human and economic terms every year.
		Nosocomial infections are associated with increases in morbidity and mortality, as well as greater costs of hospitalization and overall costs of care.
		Even though the incidence of nosocomial infections has been relatively stable in the last 2 decades, the rate of these infections per 1000 patient days has risen by 36%—climbing from 7.2 in 1975 to 9.8 in 1995 (Figure 1).
	www.temple.edu /tuhis/washhands/section01_pg3.htm (336 words)

	Nosocomial Infections
		Nosocomial infections are those that originate or occur in a hospital or hospital-like setting.
		Nosocomial infections are responsible for about 20,000 deaths in the U.S. per year.
		Nosocomial infections are primarily caused by opportunists, particularly by:
	www.mansfield.ohio-state.edu /~sabedon/biol2053.htm (1055 words)

	News - Nosocomial Pneumonia Indication Approved For Levaquin (Levofloxacin)
		Nosocomial pneumonia is the second most common hospital-acquired infection in the United States and is associated with mortality rates of 30 to 33 percent.
		In the United States, nosocomial pneumonia results in average hospital costs of $2 billion per year and increases hospital stays by an average of seven to nine days per patient.
		As the treatment course for patients with nosocomial pneumonia begins in the hospital and may extend beyond discharge, the comparable bioavailability of Levaquin injection and tablets allows for the use of the same dose for both intravenous and oral administration, affording physicians and patients seamless transition from inpatient to outpatient treatment.
	www.docguide.com /news/content.nsf/news/8525697700573E1885256C6800732FDF (791 words)

	Prevention of nosocomial bacterial pneumonia -- Vincent 54 (6): 544 -- Thorax
		Nosocomial pneumonia in an intensive care unit in a Danish university hospital: incidence, mortality and etiology.
		Nosocomial pneumonia and the role of gastric pH.
		Nosocomial pneumonia and tracheitis in a pediatric intensive care unit: a prospective study.
	thorax.bmjjournals.com /cgi/content/full/54/6/544 (3604 words)

	(4) The Science of Hand Hygiene Section 1: Bacterial Contamination of the Hands: It's Time to Get Serious pg.4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Often, the result is a rise in the number of nosocomial infections ans concomitant increases in hospital lengths of stay and costs.
		The mortality attributable to nosocomial bloodstream infections was estimated at 35%.
		The mean hospital stay in patients with nosocomial bloodstream infections caused by MSSA was 4 days longer than that of uninfected control subjects; it was 12 days longer in patients with nosocomial bloodstream infections caused by MRSA, compared with controls.
	www.temple.edu /tuhis/washhands/section01_pg4.htm (700 words)

	Nosocomial diarrhea Uppal B, Wadhwa Vishal, Mittal SK - Indian J Pediatr
		OBJECTIVE: To study the occurrence of nosocomial diarrhea in pediatric wards and the role of infections in its causation.
		Nosocomial infection is an infection that was neither present nor found in the prodromal (incubation) stage when the patient entered the hospital.
		The present study aims at assessing the occurrence of nosocomial diarrhea (sporadic/epidemic) and role of infection in its causation.
	www.ijppediatricsindia.org /article.asp?issn=0019-5456;year=2004;volume=71;issue=10;spage=883;epage=885;aulast=Uppal (1098 words)

	Risk Factors and Outcome of Nosocomial Infections: Results of a Matched Case-control Study of ICU Patients -- GIROU et ...
		Detection of nosocomial lung infection in ventilated patients: use of a protected specimen brush and quantitative culture techniques in 147 patients.
		Nosocomial respiratory tract infections in multiple trauma patients: influence of level of consciousness with implications for therapy.
		Nosocomial infection in surgical wards: a controlled study of increased duration of hospital stays and direct cost of hospitalization.
	ajrccm.atsjournals.org /cgi/content/full/157/4/1151 (4485 words)

	Can We Do More to Prevent Nosocomial Bloodstream Infections?
		On the basis of these figures, nosocomial bloodstream infection is rated at anywhere from the fourth to the 13th leading cause of death in the United States, stated Richard Wenzel, MD, chairman and professor of medicine at the Medical College of Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond.
		However, nosocomial bloodstream infections are preventable, said Dr. Wenzel, who spoke recently at the 4th Decennial International Conference on Nosocomial and Healthcare-Associated Infections.
		Because most nosocomial bloodstream infections are associated with central venous catheters, using catheters coated with antibiotics such as rifampin and doxycycline may be the best available preventive method.
	www.pulmonaryreviews.com /jul00/pr_jul00_bloodinfections.html (625 words)

	Chapter 15. Prevention of Nosocomial Urinary Tract Infections (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		Since catheter-related UTI is the leading cause of nosocomial infection in the United States and is associated with increased morbidity and costs, any intervention that reduces the incidence of catheter-related UTI is potentially important.
		Nosocomial infections in U.S. hospitals, 1975-1976: estimated frequency by selected characteristics of patients.
		Nosocomial urinary tract infections: secular trends, treatment and economics in a university hospital.
	www.ahcpr.gov /clinic/ptsafety/chap15a.htm (2020 words)

	Emerging Infectious Diseases: Antimicrobial drug resistance in pathogens causing nosocomial infections at a University ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-07)
		To determine the distribution and antimicrobial drug resistance in bacterial pathogens causing nosocomial infections, surveillance data on nosocomial infections documented from 1981 to 1999 at National Taiwan University Hospital were analyzed.
		Etiologic shifts in nosocomial infections and an upsurge of antimicrobial resistance among these pathogens, particularly those isolated from intensive care units, are impressive and alarming.
		The Nosocomial Infection Control Committee of the hospital was established in 1980 to identify pathogens causing nosocomial infections and to obtain and analyze antimicrobial susceptibility results of these pathogens from the hospital's clinical microbiology laboratory.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0GVK/is_1_8/ai_82607186 (1299 words)

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