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	Beach nourishment - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Beach nourishment, a process in which sand or sediments lost by longshore drifts or erosion are replaced on a certain area of a beach.
		Beach nourishment projects are usually constructed along shorelines where an erosional trend is present that could be either natural or a result of human activities.
		Beach nourishment is usually but not always carried out on an eroding shoreline and is favored by a substantial upland investment and a relatively mild erosion rate.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Beach_nourishment (754 words)

	Beach Nourishment - Coastal Geology
		This paper reviews the objectives of constructing beach nourishment projects, the processes that are affected through the placement of the beach nourishment project, the elements of the design features employed, the potential benefits and adverse effects of beach nourishment projects and concludes with several case studies that emphasize the physical performances of these projects.
		In the case of nourishment downdrift of a jettied inlet, the wave direction is of critical importance to the prediction of the life of the project.
		It is seen that nourishment with sands that are the same size as the native results in an equilibrated dry beach width of 100 feet whereas nourishment with sands 0.18 mm and 0.22 mm results in equilibrated dry beach widths of 17 feet and 150 feet, respectively.
	www3.csc.noaa.gov /beachnourishment/html/geo/scitech.htm (8235 words)

	NOURISHMENT - Definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The act of nourishing, or the state of being nourished ; nutrition.
		That which serves to nourish ; nutriment ; food.
		Learn to seek the nourishment of their souls.
	www.hyperdictionary.com /dictionary/nourishment (137 words)

	Beach Nourishment Programs in the United States (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Beach nourishment is the process of placing sand on an eroding beach to provide a buffer against wave action and flooding or to mprove the recreational value of the beach.
		Many tout nourishment as the only way to revive and maintain urban coastal tourist and recreational economies, such as those in Miami Beach, Florida, and Ocean City, Maryland, which are dependent on wide coastal beaches.
		However, critics contend that beach nourishment is an unreliable management option because of its uncertain longevity and long-term maintenance costs and the fact that the benefits of beach nourishment projects may be inequitable, benefiting only coastal landowners and businesses at the expense of federal or state taxpayers’ money.
	greennature.com /article571.html (282 words)

	NOURISHMENT CENTERS
		Nourishment Centers have two 1500 watt, 208 volt heating coil units installed in and on the side of countertop opposite the sink.
		Nourishment Centers may be specified to exclude electric hot plates.
		Nourishment Centers are completely interpiped and interwired, requiring only one single connection for each service.
	www.gis.net /~cmpwbn/nourishm.htm (800 words)

	NJDEP Coastal Engineering - Beach Nourishment
		Beach nourishment projects consist of the initial placement of sand along a beach that has experienced erosion.
		As nourished beaches undergo erosion, they must be maintained through beach re-nourishment.
		The initial nourishment phase is nearly complete, with the exception of Section I - Contract 3 (Elberon, Deal, Allenhurst and Loch Arbour) which is subject to receipt of real estate easements.
	www.state.nj.us /dep/shoreprotection/nourishment.htm (536 words)

	Sea Life Rebounds After Beach Nourishment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Previous studies concluded that, in most cases, adverse impacts from beach nourishment were short-term, minor, and were outweighed by the benefits of shore protection and recreation.
		Effects of beach nourishment were typically confined to the borrow (dredge) and beach (fill) areas.
		Conclusions: Impacts of beach nourishment to intertidal and nearshore fauna, larval and juvenile fish assemblages, and fish food habits were minor and short-term.
	www.usace.army.mil /inet/functions/cw/hot_topics/beachnourishment.htm (1524 words)

	Seven Bowls School of Nutrition, Nourishment and Healing - School
		Nourishment encompasses all that sustains the needs and development of body, mind and spirit, not only to maintain life, but to enrich and enliven our being.
		It is that which we are instinctively driven to seek, and is that which satisfies the sensual through taste, touch, sight, sound and smell.
		To honor these distinctions, we feel it is important for the student to undertake a personal practice of spiritual nourishment.
	www.charityadvantage.com /sevenbowls/School.asp (886 words)

	Erosion Control \| Beachfront Reinforcement
		Beach nourishment, an increasingly popular option, is the practice of adding material - from offshore or inland - to restore coastal areas lost to erosion and to protect landward structures.
		Because dredging or importing sand specifically for beach nourishment is expensive, the report urges communities to coordinate nourishment projects with already-planned dredging projects.
		Dunes and beaches restored by nourishment in 1990 and 1991 were reduced by severe storms almost as soon as they were completed, and the $11 million needed to once again restore the area drew sharp criticism from some members of the public and the media.
	www.forester.net /ec_0007_beachfront.html (4237 words)

	healthepic-The process of foetal nourishment according to ayurveda (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The cord is attached to the rasvaha nadi (maternal part of the placenta) of the mother and this carries ahararasa-virya (nutrition) from the mother to the foetus.
		Afterwards when body parts are conspicuous, a part of nourishment is obtained by upasneha (moisture) permeating through pores of skin situated in hair roots of the body and a part through the passage of umbilical cord.
		The foetal umbilicus is attached to the umbilical cord, umbilical cord to the placenta and placenta to the mother's heart.
	www.healthepic.com /ayurveda/mother&childcare/preg_foetal.htm (818 words)

	Beach Nourishment Info
		Beach nourishment is the process of dumping or pumping sand from elsewhere onto an eroding shoreline to create a new beach or to widen the existing beach.
		Beach nourishment is often proposed when beach erosion threatens to remove an existing beach, make it too narrow to be used, and/or when property behind an eroding beach is threatened.
		The process of nourishment may damage, destroy or otherwise hurt marine and beach life by burying it, squishing it under bulldozers, changing the shape of the beach, or making the water near the beach too muddy.
	www.brynmawr.edu /geology/geomorph/beachnourishmentinfo.html (1692 words)

	Beach Nourishment - Socioeconomic Factors
		This database is the first to require that a nourishment project be a fully engineered project of sufficient size to affect the coastal processes in the area.
		Figure 3 is a graph of the total historical expenditures for beach nourishment projects within the 15 coastal states identified.
		Beach nourishment projects are federally, state, locally, or privately funded and often are funded by a combination of sources.
	www3.csc.noaa.gov /beachnourishment/html/human/socio/geodist.htm (1345 words)

	Division of Water - Lake Michigan - Beach Nourishment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Feeding sand to a coast is referred to as "beach nourishment." Beach nourishment works by reducing sand-starved conditions by supplying sand needed for waves and currents to rebuild and maintain the natural protective beach and sand bar system.
		Beach nourishment sand must be free of contaminants that might be suspended or dissolved in the water as the sand is reworked by the storm waves.
		First, beach nourishment sand directly protects the natural dune-bluffs from wave attack by serving as a sacrificial dune and beach buffer zone between the waves and the previously eroding natural coast.
	www.state.in.us /dnr/water/lake_michigan/coastal/beach_nour.html (877 words)

	Global Transformation - Nourishment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Nourishing and being nourished is the single biggest activity humans undertake in their lifetime.
		Truth and facts nourish your mind, lies and evaluation are detrimental to your healthy spirit.
		Emotional intelligence is far more relevant to living a life that is happy and has high quotients of communication, empathy and understand, that benefits the individual and everyone he relates with.
	www.trans4mind.com /global/nourish.html (1169 words)

	Beach Nourishment and Protection -- Executive Summary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Given the overall experience with beach nourishment and the growing interest and reliance on it, an assessment was needed to establish an improved technical basis for decision making about the use of beach nourishment in shore stabilization and management and in the design of beach nourishment projects in which the federal government is involved.
		Beach nourishment projects are often undertaken without due consideration for their relationship to and impact on other portions of the littoral cells that often cross political boundaries.
		Beach nourishment programs should be planned as part of an overall regional beach management plan in which all involved participants undertake appropriate action to ensure that the process used for planning, design, and approval of projects achieves this objective.
	www.nap.edu /execsumm/0309052904.html (7011 words)

	Procedural Guidance Document : Monitoring : Shoreline Protection and Beach Nourishment Projects
		Second, beach nourishment is often an expensive effort which is undertaken for a large beach area or entire beach community, and the funding entities want information on the performance of the project to use in later decisionmaking efforts.
		Nourishment material can be placed onshore or in the near shore environment, or both, and source material can be from a variety of on- and offshore locations.
		IF the proposed nourishment will involve placement of any material in the "waters of the US," the analyst should contact the Corps of Engineers to determine the types of testing and monitoring that will be required for the Corps permit and to insure that state and federal efforts are coordinated.
	www.coastal.ca.gov /pgd/pgd-mon.html (9784 words)

	Seven Bowls School of Nutrition, Nourishment and Healing - MissionStatement
		The Nourishment Education Foundation (NEF) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization established as an educational and community facility for furthering nourishment in people's lives.
		NEF is the parent organization sponsoring: Nourishment Awareness Week; Nourishing the Sacred Feminine; Seven Bowls School of Nutrition, Nourishment and Healing; Women's New Moon Circles; Community Projects and Classes.
		The Nourishment Education Foundation is committed to nourishing body, being and spirit.
	www.charityadvantage.com /sevenbowls/MissionStatement.asp (253 words)

	Spiritual Nourishment
		However, it is not to those who ignore their eternal interests that we now address ourselves; rather is it to the professing people of God we desire to offer a few words of instruction.
		Now the counterpart of this in connection with spiritual nourishment is, that in order for the Word of God to do us good it must be mixed with faith.
		Food does not automatically nourish, any more than seed planted in the ground automatically grows of itself; the one as much as the other is entirely dependent on the Creator’s blessing.
	www.eternallifeministries.org /awp_nourish.htm (1158 words)

	BEACH NOURISHMENT
		This book is written for engineers, students of coastal processes and laypersons interested in beach nourishment, which consists of the placement of large quantities of good quality sediment on the beach to advance the shoreline seaward.
		The results are illustrated through reference to a number of monitored nourishment projects.
		Biological and economic aspects of beach nourishment are addressed.
	www.worldscibooks.com /engineering/2160.html (309 words)

	11-12-99
		Evaluation of the suitability and efficacy of aragonite sand for beach nourishment, by David Altman.
		Recommended beach nourishment guidelines for the State of Florida and unresolved related issues, by Robert G. Dean and Thomas J. Campbell, 1999.
		Beach nourishments in Florida and on the lower Atlantic and Gulf coasts.
	www.coastal.ufl.edu /archives/references/coelrep.htm (6550 words)

	Towra Beach Nourishment Project
		The dredging and nourishment works are being undertaken by National Dredging Services use a small cutter-suction dredge called the ‘Ruby K’ ( Photo 5).
		Project approvals require that the dredging and nourishment activities are completed as soon as possible.
		The period when the works can be implemented is the time of the year when the number of birds utilising the site are at the lowest and outside the breeding season of particular species.
	www.waterways.nsw.gov.au /towraproject.html (1004 words)

	Crossroads-Beach Nourishment Info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Thus, beach nourishment is not to save the beaches per se but to keep the beaches as the are, in the same place, and thus save the property and structures behind the beaches.
		Based on past experience, most beach nourishment projects on the Atlantic coast last for 1 to 5 years.(3) Indeed, published reports show that less than 20% of past projects nationwide have lasted more tham 5 years.(4) Thus, the odds that Bogue Banks nourishment will last 10 years are slim.
		The question of beach nourishment may well be one of the most crucial questions facing Carteret County in the new millenium.
	home.earthlink.net /~crossroadsweb/beachnourishment.html (1315 words)

	LOCAL: Beach nourishment (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The only alternative to nourishment, Bense said, would be to do nothing and to let beachfront property owners build more sea walls.
		Commissioner Robert Wright said he likes the idea of a special tax district whereby property owners would be taxed based on their level of benefit from a beach nourishment project.
		Bense, noting that he does not actually like the idea of increasing the bed tax, said a special assessment may be the best way to ensure that those who benefit from beach nourishment pay for it.
	www.newsherald.com /LOCAL/BBEACH.HTM (549 words)

	CSA Beach Nourishment Projects (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Previously during 1988, CSA conducted a literature review and baseline environmental assessment of conditions to document nearshore habitats in the area of the proposed fill.
		Task 1 involved identification and counts of the dominant epibiota present on hard bottom reefs, and preparation of a report comparing changes in the biota from pre- and post-construction surveys.
		Task 2 involved sieving, sorting, and identification of 252 soft bottom infaunal samples, analyses of density and species diversity, and preparation of a report that discussed changes in the community that may have been attributable to beach nourishment activities.
	www.conshelf.com /services/beach-nourishment/beach-nourishment.html (495 words)

	The U.S. Beach Nourishment Experience (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		THE U.S. The Duke PSDS beach nourishment database is the result of nearly 15 years of ongoing research and data collection.
		The information in the nourishment database represents, to the best of our knowledge, the most comprehensive database of beach nourishment history in the United States.
		These average cost figures were calculated as an average (per cubic yard of fill) of all other nourishment episodes within the same funding category and/or geographical region.
	www.env.duke.edu /psds/nourishment.htm (367 words)

	France uncorks wine offensive - The Washington Times: World - August 09, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The French government is considering a plan to reclassify wine as "nourishment," a step that would defy medical science but ease advertising restraints and give a boost to producers who are fighting a desperate battle for survival.
		Wineries hope the reclassification also would address a decline in consumption by removing the stigma of alcoholic excess from those who believe that two glasses a day — the amount approved by doctors — is not enough.
		The government is sensitive to the arguments of the medical profession, which sees the notion that wine is nourishment as amounting to "scientific mystification."
	www.washtimes.com /world/20040809-122743-5428r.htm (604 words)

	Whole Nourishment - live life deliciously!
		Just as it is essential to nourish our bodies with healthy foods, it is also important to nourish our spirit with the things that make our lives truly complete.
		Whole Nourishment is nourishment for the whole person- body, mind, and spirit.
		Whole Nourishment was founded on the belief that once individuals understand the effects that their dietary and lifestyle choices have on their bodies, they can put this knowledge into practice in their daily lives.
	www.wholenourishment.com (359 words)

	Hale Sofia Schatz :: Heart of Nourishment
		Besides creating space for the rambling rose to grow to its fullness in the sun, the dying mulberry tree has expanded the perimeters of the garden.
		Although I feel a certain sadness about its passing, as many of you have heard me say, in order to receive nourishment, we need to make space, and making space requires letting go of what is no longer necessary.
		Sign up for the Heart of Nourishment newsletter and receive updates about Halé's retreats, workshops, and local appearances.
	www.halesofiaschatz.com (448 words)

	Nourishment Home Grown (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		It reveals how ideal health can only be promoted by foods that are intentionally grown and nourished by using the electromagnetic soil secrets discovered over sixty years ago by Dr. Carey Reams.
		It tells how to understand and work with the little known secrets that ensure you are growing the absolute best food possible for life and health.
		This book will tell you how to feed your plants, how to measure nourishment levels in the foods you eat, and it will answer many of your basic and advanced gardening questions.
	www.chella.com /skin-care-books/1885653204.html (948 words)

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