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Topic: Novaya Zemlya effect

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	www.rian.ru
		Paradoxically, the revival of the deer population on Novaya Zemlya may be called an "environmental side effect" of the nuclear test site.
		Novaya Zemlya is the largest archipelago in the European Arctic, and occupies an area of 83,000 square kilometers.
		Half of the northern section of Novaya Zemlya is a polar desert covered in ice, while tundra occupies the remainder of the archipelago.
	en.rian.ru /analysis/20060814/52607203-print.html (887 words)

	Novaya Zemlya - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Novaya Zemlya (Russian: Но́вая Земля́, "New Land"; formerly known in Dutch and English as Nova Zembla) is an archipelago in the Arctic Ocean in the north of Russia and the extreme northeast of Europe (see also extreme points of Europe).
		Novaya Zemlya consists of two major islands, separated by the narrow Matochkin Strait, and a number of smaller ones.
		Novaya Zemlya separates the Barents Sea from the Kara Sea.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Novaya_Zemlya (646 words)

	Willem Barents - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		1550 in Terschelling, West Frisian Islands, Netherlands; died June 20, 1597 in Novaya Zemlya, Russia) was a Dutch navigator and explorer, a leader of early expeditions to the far north.
		Barents' vessel, captained by Heemskerk, was trapped in the ice after rounding the north of Novaya Zemlya, and the crew was compelled to winter on Novaya Zemlya, tearing apart their ship's superstructure and spare timber to build a lodge.
		The tale of the terrible winter spent on Novaya Zemlya was published as the diary of Gerrit de Veer, the ship's carpenter, who was the first person to observe the atmospheric anomaly known as the Novaya Zemlya effect.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Willem_Barents (354 words)

	The "line"
		Sometimes the camera froze or there was clouds, but all indications are, in Resolute, Novaya Zemlya effects are a by-daily event from beginning of February until end of April, fall observations are pending.
		Consistent refraction boosts upwards of 2 degrees was quite expected given that refraction changes with Air mass, and the High Arctic Air remains largely stable and extremely cold during winter.
		However older Inuit, the aborigines of the Arctic, are quite familiar with the rectangular sun, although none questioned have a name for it.
	www.eh2r.com /mp/data3.html (542 words)

	Mirage - Crystalinks
		The Novaya Zemlya Effect is a polar mirage caused by high refraction of sunlight between atmospheric thermoclines.
		The Novaya Zemlya effect will give the impression that the sun is rising earlier than it actually should (astronomically speaking) and depending on the meteorological situation the effect will present the sun as a line or a square (which is sometimes referred to as the "rectangular sun"), made up of flattened hourglass shapes.
		The first person to observe (on island Novaya Zemlya) and describe the phenomenon was Gerrit de Veer, a member of Willem Barents' ill-fated third expedition into the polar region.
	www.crystalinks.com /mirage.html (870 words)

	Information,Suggestion-Novaya Zemlya.Download Free... poker-free.info (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Novaya Zemlya (; "New Land"; formerly known in Dutch language and English language as Nova Zembla) is an archipelago in the Arctic Ocean in the north of Russia and the extreme northeast of Europe (see also extreme points of Europe).
		Novaya Zemlya consists of two major islands; separated by the narrow Matochkin Strait ; and a number of smaller ones
		In the case of the September 12; 1973 test; a seismic magnitude of 6.97 on the Richter Scale was reached; setting off an 80 million ton avalanche that blocked two glacial streams and created a two kilometer-long lake http://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/news/2005/11_28_05.h m.
	www.poker-free.info /en/Novaya+Zemlya (969 words)

	Russia
		Novaya Zemlya was chosen because of its permafrost conditions: groundwater can be found only at a depth of 600 meters.
		Novaya Zemlya was chosen because of its permafrost conditions: groundwater can be found only at a depth of 600m.
		On 28 and 31 August and 3 September 2000 Minatom and the Russian Ministry of Defense conducted three subcritical nuclear tests at Novaya Zemlya.[1,2] Plutonium of various ages was used to assess the aging of munitions.[1,2] The purpose of the tests was to determine whether prolonging the service life of nuclear warheads is possible.
	www.nti.org /db/nisprofs/russia/weafacl/othernuc/novayaze.htm (4832 words)

	Nuclear Waste Storage Facility on Novaya Zemlya
		The first dumping is documented as early as 1960, and since then Novaya Zemlya has functioned as a kind of radioactive dumping ground.
		At the Moscow institute the possibilities of terminal storage on Novaya Zemlya of radioactive waste from the northern fleet, among others, are being discussed.
		According to Nikolay Lobanov, Novaya Zemlya is already so polluted with radiation that the area is well-suited for terminal storage as well.
	www.fas.org /news/russia/1997/drsov04021997000220.htm (742 words)

	novaya zemlya arctic artic nova zembla barents
		Size and extent of the last ice sheets in the Barents Sea: evidence from Novaya Zemlya and Vaygach
		The Russian Arctic is at the receiving end of the climatically sensitive oceanic ‘conveyor belt', and fluctuations in this heat flow have considerable consequences for Arctic geography and ecology.
		Glaciers on Novaya Zemlya are stable since the 1950s due to substantial increase in winter precipitation associated with strengthening of the North Atlantic Oscillation.
	www.xs4all.nl /~jzeebe1/novaya_zemlya1.html (293 words)

	Russia
		In 1939 after Poland's refusal to participate in any measures of collective deterrence the USSR signed the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact with Nazi Germany which in effect stated that each country would occupy a portion of Poland, which they did thus obliterating the independent state of Poland.
		On September, 17, 1939, when German armies were within 150 kilometers (93 mi) of the Soviet border, the Soviet army invaded eastern portions of Poland, populated by ethnic Ukrainians and Belorussians.
		Some smaller bodies of water are part of the open oceans; the Barents Sea, White Sea, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea and East Siberian Sea are part of the Arctic, whereas the Bering Sea, Sea of Okhotsk and the Sea of Japan belong to the Pacific Ocean.
	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/r/ru/russia.html (5739 words)

	Arms Control Association: Arms Control Today: Aftershocks From the Novaya Zemlya Earthquake
		A small earthquake beneath the Arctic Ocean off the coast of Novaya Zemlya has led to reports that Russia conducted a clandestine nuclear explosion at its former test site on the island.
		In addition to being in the "vicinity" of the Russian test site on Novaya Zemlya, the seismic event was alleged to have "explosive characteristics" and to have been accompanied by suspicious activity at the test site.
		Once the treaty is in effect, on site inspections will be useful to resolve truly difficult cases; however, the factual basis for such inspections will have to be persuasive and consistent with available technical intelligence.
	www.armscontrol.org /act/1997_08/focaug.asp (707 words)

	Bill Chalker Archive (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Perhaps Booth’s first observation could have been due to a light refraction effect, caused by consecutive “hot” and “cold” air “lenses” due to the undulating channel country, and further extended by scintillation and autokinetic effects.
		The Novaya Zemlya effect is named after the location of the classic long distance mirage of the sun, observed by artic explorer Willem Barents, north of Siberia, in Siberia, in 1597.
		Of course the major difficulty for the Novaya Zemlya effect as a mechanism for the Min Min Light, Marfa “spook light” and other “ghost lights” is the age of many of these legendary lights.
	www.auforn.com /Bill_Chalker_9.htm (3439 words)

	What Planet is This? - The Hovering Halligen
		When this effect occurs at the Halligen, it often has the consequence of making the islands appear to float in the air.
		A mirage had bent the light so far around the horizon that he was able to see over 240 miles further than normal, making it the furthest land sighting by a mirage so far recorded.
		The Fata Bromosa is a mirage of fog, and the Novaya Zemlya effect is an arctic mirage of the sun that makes it visible many days before it's due to rise.
	inamidst.com /notes/halligen (520 words)

	Novaya Zemlya - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The archipelago of Novaya Zemlya (Russian: Но́вая Земля́, "New Land"; formerly known in Dutch and English as Nova Zembla) consists of two major islands in the Arctic Ocean in the north of Russia, separated by the narrow Matochkin Strait, and a number of smaller ones.
		The indigenous population consists of about 100 Nenetses, who subsist mainly on fishing, trapping, and seal hunting.
		de:Nowaja Semlja et:Novaja Zemlja es:Nueva Zemlya eo:Nova Zemlo fr:Nouvelle-Zemble ko:노바야젬랴 섬 he:נוביה זמליה nl:Nova Zembla ja:ノヴァヤゼムリャ os:Ног Зæхх pl:Nowa Ziemia pt:Novaya Zemlya ru:Новая Земля sl:Nova Zemlja fi:Novaja Zemlja sv:Novaja Zemlja
	www.bombaygrid.com /mediawiki/index.php/Novaya_Zemlya (436 words)

	novayazemlyasunset (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		There is a known effect called the Novaya Zemlya effect where a rectangular image of the sun appears above the horizon due to a wave guide effect in the atmosphere.
		I wondered if we were seeing a cousin to this effect?
		I hypothesize that this long lasting light from the sun was probably carried around the curve of the earth by being refracted by temperature variations in the atmosphere as a function of height.
	www.exo.net /~pauld/physics/atmospheric_optics/novayazemlya/novayazemlyasunset.htm (337 words)

	R-12
		In June 1961, in preparation for the first such test series, an attempt was made to fire an R-12 with a functional nuclear warhead without a fissile core toward the Arctic atomic test ground on Novaya Zemlya from a position east of the city of Vorkut.
		In this case the prime purpose was to evaluate the electromagnetic pulse effect of nuclear explosions in order to design anti-ballistic missile systems, survivable radars, and missile silos.
		In October-November 1962 R-12's were used in operations K-3, K-4, and K-5 to explode thermonuclear warheads at altitudes of 300, 150, and 60 km.
	www.astronautix.com /lvs/r12.htm (4479 words)

	Pre-1866 extensions of the Southern Oscillation Index using early (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Systematics of the Novaya Zemlya (NZ) effect are discussed in the context of sunsets.
		We distinguish full mirages, exhibiting oscillatory light paths and their onsets, the subcritical mirages.
		We discuss two historical observations by Fridtjof Nansen and by Vivian Fuchs, and we report a recent South Pole observation of the NZ effect for the moon.
	www.knmi.nl /~konnen/Abstracts/abs_werf_etal_2003.htm (83 words)

	Rendering Ghost Ships and Other Phenomena in the Arctic Atmosphere (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The unique characteristics of the arctic atmosphere make for very interesting effects that cannot be seen anywhere else in the planet.
		As a consequence, light rays get bent while traversing the atmosphere, and the result is some spectacular phenomena; several examples are the superior mirages (that have probably given rise to numerous ghost ship legends), the Fata Morgana or the Novaya-Zemlya effect.
		We first build an accurate temperature profile for the arctic atmosphere, based on experimental data, then calculate the curved paths of the light rays as the index of refraction changes as a function of temperature, by solving the physically-based differential equation that describes their trajectory.
	wscg.zcu.cz /wscg2005/Papers_2005/Short/H07.html (215 words)

	The Novaya Zemlya Effect
		This is the Novaya Zemiya Effect, and it is basically a polar mirage.
		Even when the sun is still 5° below the horizon, its light can become trapped between thermoclines and be transmitted over the usual horizon.
		In the Novalya Zemlya Effect the sun's image is grossly distorted, quite different from the high quality mirages sometimes seen over hundreds of miles in the polar latitudes.
	www.science-frontiers.com /sf015/sf015p12.htm (156 words)

	Edge Effect - Music - MP3 / OGG, VORBIS Downloads - Novaya Ze...
		I've always had a strange facination for Novaya Zemlya, situated in the artic circle, and hidden away in the fomer Soviet Union.
		As with many of my earlier experiments, the final recording was plauged by cassette-hiss, so I resorted to the synthesizer to add a little wind effect to cover this up, which helped create the image of artic desolation.
		If you would like to receive an E. mail notification of future Edge Effect online and CD releases, or details of live appearances, please fill in the mailing list form on the contact page.
	www.edge-effect.co.uk /music?sec=nz (276 words)

	Daily Magonia Digest for 2003-04-20 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		country, and further extended by scintillation and autokinetic effects.
		paths by atmospheric tunneling, also known as the Novaya Zemlya effect.
		"The Novaya Zemlya effect is named after the location of the classic long
	anomalies.bravepages.com /magonia/April03/20apr03.htm (659 words)

	Jeffrey J. Park
		Park, J., and R. Oglesby, The effect of orbital cycles on late and middle Cretaceous climate: A comparative GCM modelling study, in Orbital Forcing and Cyclic Sequences, International Association of Sedimentologists Special publication, eds.
		Oglesby, R., and J. Park, Cyclic sedimentation in the Cretaceous: the effect of precessional insolation changes on atmospheric dynamics, J.
		Park, J., Synthetic seismograms from coupled free oscillations: the effects of lateral structure and rotation, J.
	love.geology.yale.edu /~jjpark/index.html (2351 words)

	Extremely High Horizon Refraction
		Recently conceived twilight brightness theory with respect to the Y-V Ulluq Q effects are presented.
		The data is there for you to study, the thoughts are progressive from February 2001 till today, they change according to knowledge acquired from this page and from other pages as referred to below.
		Y-V Ulluq Q effects were frequent and several good examples captured as with the one shown just above.
	www.eh2r.com (2762 words)

	Homepage of Vladimir Dinets-Weather
		California and Hawaii are both good places to look for Green Flash or for Novaya Zemlya effect, when you can see the sun for few seconds after the actual sunset.
		Cone Peak in Santa Lucia Mountains is one of the best places in the world to look for interesting things in the sky: fog and storm clouds, green flash and Broken effect, beautiful sunrises and sunsets, weird halos and winter rainbows.
		Even with no storms around, the Pacific Rim is still the area with the most beautiful weather on Earth.
	dinets.travel.ru /weather.htm (1990 words)

	Fw: Quadrantids from Cambridge Bay, Nunavut RE: (meteorobs) An evening (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		I daresay there are some disadvantages, but among other things, he observes for the Novaya Zemliya effect (anomalous "sunrises" due to atmospheric subducting).
		On my way to work yesterday, Jupiter hung like a beautiful jewel in the western sky -- it was 9:00 AM and today i observed a Novaya Zemlya Effect for about 1/2 hour (it was the only one observed this winter with all the cloudy weather we've been getting.
		On the other hand, the circumpolar Sun reduces summertime observing to one naked-eye star and the Moon.
	www.meteorobs.org /maillist/msg27095.html (382 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		We see objects taller than they actually are.
		Examples: Novaya Zemlya effect - the sun re-rises after it has set in the west.
		Thought question: what time of year, and under what conditions are you more likely to see an inferior mirage?
	www.aos.wisc.edu /~dvimont/aos100/Notes/101005.txt (365 words)

	Physics 137, Assignment 4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		QT11: During Ernest Shackleton's last expedition to Antarctica, on May 8, 1915, seven days after the sun had set for the winter, he saw the sun reappear.
		Explain how this event - called the Novaya Zemlya effect - can occur.
		QT12: Explain why it is easier to get sunburned on a high mountain than in the valley below.
	maxwell.byu.edu /~spencerr/phys137/Assignment4.html (170 words)

	Re: Min Min Lights (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The explanation for the light lies in a number of areas, particularly amongst a range of unusual natural phenomena.
		For example, it has been caused by luminescent insects and long distance mirage effects.
		It has also been many other things over the years.
	www.virtuallystrange.net /ufo/updates/1998/nov/m27-019.shtml (418 words)

	Atmospheric and ocean optics : Mirages and refraction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Simulating colors of clear and partly cloudy skies
		Atmospheric Refraction Effects on Optical-Infrared Sensor Performance in a Littoral-Maritime Environment
		Gerrit de Veer's True and Perfect Description of the Novaya Zemlya Effect, 24 -27 January 1597
	ao.osa.org /ocisdirectory/010_4030.cfm (233 words)

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