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Topic: Novgorod the Great

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	Novgorod the Great
		In the XII-XV centuries Novgorod was the capital of the Novgorod feudal republic, the largest state formation of medieval Europe.
		Novgorod the Great was the most eastern settlement of the Hanseatic trade union.
		In cafes and restaurants of Novgorod the Great they will offer to you dishes of the ancient Russian cuisine and original Russian drinks prepared according to the carefully saved ancient prescriptions.
	www.eltech.ru /pria2004/novgorod.html (341 words)

	About Russia
		Novgorod the Great (Veliky Novgorod), an administrative centre of the Novgorod Oblast, is the oldest Russian city, mentioned in annals for the first time in 859.
		For X-XV centuries Novgorod the Great was the political centre of vast land from the Baltic Sea and Finland in the West to Northern Urals in the East.
		It is mainly concentrated in Novgorod the Great (Veliky Novgorod), Borovichi, Staraya Russa and Chudovo.
	www.geocities.com /rusreg2002/novgorod01.htm (2227 words)

	Novgorod Republic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Novgorod’s tendencies towards isolation from Kiev manifested themselves as early as the beginning of the 11th century.
		The Novgorod boyars were the exponents of these tendencies with the support from the urban population, which had had to pay tribute to Kiev and supply it with soldiers for its military campaigns.
		Resisting the Muscovite oppression, the government of Novgorod sought alliance with Lithuania and became an obstacle in Moscow’s campaign for elimination of feudal division in Russia.
	www.tocatch.info /en/Novgorod_Republic.htm (1589 words)

	Volodymyr the Great
		Volodymyr the Great (Valdamar, Volodimer, Vladimir), b ca 956, d 15 July 1015 in Vyshhorod, near Kyiv.
		Great, where the latter ruled under the guidance of his uncle,
		Novgorod, thereby forcing Volodymyr to flee to Scandinavia.
	www.encyclopediaofukraine.com /pages/V/O/VolodymyrtheGreat.htm (565 words)

	Dumindu Wijewardana's Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Nizhniy Novgorod Kremlin is the central part of the ancient town which occupies a relatively small territory on a hill dominating the confluence of the Oka and the Volga rivers.
		History decreed that the Nizhny Novgorod city should be the "heart of Mother Russia", situated as it is in the very center of the European part of the Russian Federation, on the banks of the River Volga.
		Nizhny Novgorod occupies the 5th position among most populated and industrially developed cities of Russia, is a center of Nizhny Novgorod region and a recognized capital of the Volga economic region.
	www.greatestcities.com /users/dumindu (2051 words)

	Novgorod travel guide - Wikitravel
		Novgorod The Great is one of the oldest cities in Russia.
		The city of Novgorod The Great (Novgorod Velikiy) is located between Moscow and Saint Petersburg; its population is estimated at 230,000 people; it is one of the most culturally important cities in Russia.
		Novgorod was first mentioned in the manuscripts as early as 859.
	wikitravel.org /en/Novgorod (375 words)

	Novgorod Russia history tour kremlin fortification
		Novgorod, (population 230,000 in 1990, 27,000 in 1914) the "new city", was founded in 859 A. on the Volkov River on the site of an older fortification.
		Novgorod escaped the direct assault of the Mongols in the 1240's but was forced to accept Mongol overlords and pay tribute in taxes and troops.
		Novgorod's efforts reached a head in 1470 when the boyars invited Prince Mikhail Olel'kovich of Lithuania to be their prince and began negotiations toward closer union with King Casimir, but this was not a popular goal for many of the lower classes.
	www.xenophon-mil.org /ruscity/novgorod/novgor.htm (1729 words)

	The_Novgorod_Bell (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Novgorod was a free and sovereign city-state (hence, the title of "Lord") ruled by a town council known as veche.
		For centuries it was the supreme legislative authority of the Novgorod Republic, empowered to hire and dismiss princes.
		Legend has it that after Novgorod was pillaged by Ivan III in 1478, the veche bell, the symbol of popular sovereignty in the republic, was to be taken to Moscow.
	www.uri.edu /facsen/The_Novgorod_Bell.html (340 words)

	Kievan Rus Database (City: Novgorod)
		By the eleventh century Novgorod was the northern commercial and religious center.
		The capital was at Novgorod, and satellite settlements such as Gorodishche and the nearby fortified site of Gorodok had specialized roles in the developing political structure.
		Novgorod stood at the entrance from the Baltic to inner Russia.
	members.aol.com /bksmyre/City_Novgorod.html (337 words)

	Great Novgorod / St. Petersburg Environs / Petersburg CITY / Guide to St. Petersburg, Russia
		Novgorod was founded in the middle of the 9th century.
		Novgorod is the city of the churches surrounded by the old monasteries.
		Among these are the Novgorod Kremlin, St. Sophia Cathedral (11th century which is the oldest on the territory of Russia), the Church of the Saviour at Nereditsa, and the Church of the Saviour at Kovalyovo.
	petersburgcity.com /for-tourists/environs/gr_novgorod (324 words)

	What is Novgorod - facts about the city - WayToRussia.Net Guide to Novgorod, Russia
		Novgorod region is located in the west of Russia, between Tver region and St Petersburg region.
		Novgorod The Great (Novgorod Veliki) is located in the north-west of Russia (530 km to Moscow and 180 km to St. Petersburg).
		Novgorod region is probably one of the most opened regions in Russia to the foreigners and foreign capital.
	www.waytorussia.net /CentralRussia/Novgorod/Novgorod.html (974 words)

	RAMBAUD ON THE RISE OF REGIONALISM IN THE APPANAGE PERIOD--THE NORTHWEST
		Novgorod, which had summoned the Varangian princes, was too powerful, with her 100,000 inhabitants and 300,000 subjects, to allow herself to be tyrannized over.
		The possadnik, Tverdislaf, caused one of the boyards of Novgorod to be arrested.
		Novgorod, which had shaken off the political supremacy of Kief, wished also to free herself from its religious domination, and no longer to be obliged to seek on the Dnieper the investiture of her archbishop, but to make him an independent metropolitan.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/Ramapp4.html (4751 words)

	bobsville adventure magazine, page 1
		Novgorod is situated on the river Volkhov, 6 km from lake Ilmen, 531 km from Moscow, 189 km from St.-Petersburg.
		Novgorod the Great: a name steeped in antiquity, and evocative of the remotest past.
		Novgorod was founded in the 10th century two kilometers up stream from and an enlargement of Gorodishe (called Holmgard in the Viking Sagas) the first capital of the country we know today as Russia.
	www.bobsville.com /adventure/p1.html (1034 words)

	SuperDisk:Rambaud folder:RamMos02.html
		Novgorod handed herself over to the King of Poland by a formal act in which she stipulated for the same rights as she had enjoyed under her ancient princes.
		Novgorod submitted, paid a war indemnity, and, if she still remained a republic, she was a republic dependent on the good pleasure of the Prince (1470).
		Schig- Akhmet, Khan of the Great Horde, wished to make a diversion, but the Khan of the Crimea attacked him with fury, and in 1502 so completely extinguished his rule, that the ruins of Saraï, the capital of Bati, where the Russian princes had grovelled before the khans, were henceforward a home of serpents.
	www.shsu.edu /~his_ncp/RamMos02.html (5163 words)

	Viaggi in Russia e turismo in Russia by easyRussia - hotel a Mosca,San Pietroburgo, Minsk, .
		Novgorod the Great, approximately 200 km from St Petersburg, is one of the major historical and artistic centres of Russia.
		It was once a town of great political and economic importance, homeland to the democratic and republican traditions, and protagonist in various historical struggles between principalities and people, always aiming at the establishment of a great Russian state.
		Nowadays Novgorod certainly does not testify to the prestige to the past, remaining a small provincial town, which did not profit from the economic growth and the development of the last 50 years.
	www.easyrussia.it /modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=56 (515 words)

	Spring in Novgorod The Great - Sightseeing in Russia pictures on Worldisround
		Novgorod The Great - is one of the oldest Russian cities, it was a major commercial and cultural center of medieval Europe.
		Situated on the great trade route to the Volga valley, it became, with London, Bruges, and Bergen, one of the four chief trade centers of the Hanseatic League.
		The citizens of Novgorod repulsed the attacks of the Teutonic Knights and Livonian Knights and of the Swedes and escaped the Mongol invasion.
	www.worldisround.com /articles/164444/text.html (450 words)

	The School of Russian and Asian Studies: Regions & Cities: European Russia (Northern): Novgorod
		Novgorod, whose name means “New City,” is actually one of the oldest in Russia.
		Novgorod the Great, as the city is still known to many of its inhabitants was, for a long time, a fiercely independent bastion of democracy.
		Novgorod’s unique political structure, spiritual freedom, and territorial independence were highly conducive to the evolution of culture and art.
	www.sras.org /6631/cities.phtml?m=90 (832 words)

	Great Novgorod. Greater Russia. Tours/Excursions. Russian St.Petersburg Tours
		Novgorod is situated about 200 kms (about 130 miles) south of St.Petersburg.
		Novgorod is one of the most ancient towns of Russia.
		The art historians justly compare Novgorod to Florence in the wealth of the preserved mural paintings on the walls of the temples.
	www.russian-st-petersburg.com /4-tours-excursions/3-greater-russia/2-great-novgorod.html (304 words)

	Russia - Historic Monuments of Novgorod and Surroundings
		Novgorod Kremlin, with the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Front.
		Among the many art works from Novgorod, or the Novgorodian School is this Golden Crater, dating from the XII century, by the end of the Byzantine age.
		In 1998, the city was officially renamed Velikiy Novgorod, thus partly reverting to its medieval title "Lord Novgorod the Great".
	worldheritage.heindorffhus.dk /frame-RussiaNovgorod.htm (537 words)

	Hotels in Novgorod the Great, Russia.
		Veliky Novgorod, the administrative centre of Novgorod region with a population of 233000, is situated on the banks of the picturesque Volkhov river, in 190 kilometres to the south of Saint-Petersburg.
		Intourist Hotel, built in 1976 and reconstructed in 1984, is located in downtown of Novgorod, on the bank of the Volkhov River, located among numerous ancient architectural memorials, including the nearby Kremlin Park.
		The railway and bus stations, Novgorod Kremlin memorial complex, regional and city administrations, Sports Palace and the Regional Philarmony are all a 5-minute walk from the hotel.
	www.allrussianhotels.com /en/hotels/novgorod_the_great (248 words)

	Novgorod The Great, Russian National Tourism Office. Buy visas, country information, visit Russia, visa support, ...
		The efforts of Novgorod Bishops in spreading and promoting the Orthodoxy were given high credit in the mid-12th century when they were elevated to the ranks of Archbishops which made the Bishops Chair of Novgorod most powerful in the Russian Orthodoxy.
		Novgorod is the cradle of Russian republican and democratic traditions.
		The Kremlin of Novgorod - the oldest in Russia, this fortress was mentioned in chronicles as early as in 1044, while its today's walls and towers were constructed at the close of 15th century.
	www.visitrussia.org.uk /novgorod.htm (693 words)

	Veliky Novgorod for tourists
		Novgorod was first mentioned as a fortress in the chronicles of 859, and this date is accepted as a starting point of the city's age.
		From the year 1136 and on, Novgorod became "free in princes", which means that princes were invited for a period of time (usually during the wars).
		Veliky Novgorod is situated on the North-West of Russia, 180 kilometers from Saint-Petersburg and 524 kilometers from Moscow.
	eng.tourism.velikiynovgorod.ru /index.php?mmm=town (1144 words)

	Travel Russia - Pskov & Novgorod
		In Middle Ages it was a prosperous city which could be compared to the great Novgorod and ranked among the largest towns of Europe; a German traveller in the 16th century counted 41,000 homes here and compared it to the city of Rome.
		In early 12th century largely on account of its position on trade route between the Baltic and Black Seas, Novgorod became known as "Lord Novgorod the Great".
		The central dome of it is a gigantic copy of the helmet of an ancient warrior, topped by a cross and bronze dove.
	www.travelrussia.net /nor1.html (761 words)

	Hotels - Finding A Great Hotel Experience
		Finding a great hotel that offers great rates is an easy task when you can compare hotels side by side.
		Experience a great hotel experience at discount hotels and cheap hotels located in the area you're looking for.
		Find information on hotel amenities, view pictures of the hotel you'll be staying; get great hotel rates in or around your destination city and state; find a hotel that works for you and your family at one place.
	www.findhotels.cc (680 words)

	Excursions: Novgorod. Argut Travel Company, St. Petersburg, Russia
		Novgorod's Kremlin (or Detinets as it used to be called in the ancient times) is the oldest in Russia and has always been the authentic center of the city.
		Perfect from the architectural point of view it represents the peak of princely power in Novgorod and is a symbol of great civic pride.
		As a popular saying went "Where there is St. Sophia, there is Novgorod." The architects from Byzantium and Kiev managed to convey the essence of the Novgorodian character through this only stone building of that time.
	www.travel.argut.ru /novgorod.html (588 words)

	Novgorod oblast. Legal environment for foreign investors (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		It is officially used as a basis for calculation of pay-back period in Novgorod Obtast and is recognized by the appropriate law.
		Novgorod's legislative and executive authorities guarantee investors, that the legal terms for their companies on the regional level will not become less favourable, than at the time the investment decision was made.
		The investment code in Novgorod Oblast is steadily being developed to improve the terms set forth in relevant clauses of federal legislation.
	www.adm.nov.ru /web.nsf/pages/e_busilegal (292 words)

	Novgorod. Girls, Women, Brides dating and marriage agency from city Novgorod, Russia . Gifts and Flowers Delivery
		izhny Novgorod was founded on the confluence of the two great Russian rivers - the Volga and the Oka - by Prince Yuri Vsevolodovich in 1221 as a strong standpoint of defending the Russian frontiers from Mordvinians, Cheremisians and Tatars.
		The City got its name "Nizhny" may be because of its location on the "Lower" lands comparing with Novgorod the Great or with the so called "Old Little Town" that was situated four versts up the Oka-river, the record of which could be found in literature till the beginning of the 17th century.
		A great number of historical, architectural and cultural monuments has remained in the City, what gave premises to UNESCO for inclusion of Nizhny Novgorod in the list of 100 cities constituting world historical and cultural value.
	www.city-of-brides.com /from/Novgorod.shtml (363 words)

	Travel to Russia, tour to Saint-Petersburg, Moscow \| Avenue-Tour
		Novgorod the Great is situated on the route between St.-Petersburg (180 km) and Moscow (500 km).
		Since 1992 Novgorod monuments are under protection of UNESCO as a part of the world cultural heritage.
		In one of the restaurants of Novgorod the Great you will be offered dishes of ancient Russian cuisine.
	www.russiafortravel.com /tours/old.php (350 words)

	Nizhny Novgorod: History of Nizhny Novgorod
		Nizhny Novgorod was founded on the confluence of the two great Russian rivers - the Volga and the Oka - by Prince Yuri (George) Vsevolodovich in 1221 as a strong standpoint of defending the Russian frontiers from Mordvinians, Cheremisians and Tatars.
		Great or with the so called "Old Little Town" that was situated four versts up the Oka-river, the record of which could be found in literature till the beginning of the 17th century.
		After the Mongol-Tatar yoke Nizhny Novgorod was constantly mentioned in Russian chronicles; it became a strong political and economical centre of North-Eastern Russia remaining at the same time a spiritual pillar of the Orthodoxy in the Volga region.
	www.admcity.nnov.ru /english/historynn_eng.html (1981 words)

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