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Topic: Nuclear envelope

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	Nuclear Membrane
		The nuclear membrane is often referred to as the nuclear envelope.
		By the end of metaphase, the nuclear membrane is completely gone, releasing the nuclear lamina, which form spindle fibers that pull apart the chromosomes from the chromotins, and help to repel them to different ends of the cell.
		In certain eukaryotes like yeast, a closed mitosis is undergone, in which chromosomes remain within the nuclear membrane; the membrane itself undergoes a division as the two daughter cells divide.
	www.iscid.org /encyclopedia/Nuclear_Membrane (237 words)

	[No title]
		Vpr and hCG1 Co-localized at the Nuclear Envelope-- The subcellular localization of Vpr and hCG1 was further investigated in HeLa cells co-transfected with the Vpr-GFP and Myc-hCG1 expression vectors.
		The nuclear envelope is composed of the nuclear membranes, the nuclear lamina and the nuclear pore complexes.
		The inner nuclear membrane is associated with the nuclear lamina, a meshwork of intermediate filament proteins termed lamins, and the heterochromatin on its nucleoplasmic face.
	lycos.cs.cmu.edu /info/nuclear-envelope.html (575 words)

	Nuclear Envelope
		The inner membrane of the nuclear envelope lies next to a layer of thin filaments which surrounds the nucleus except at the nuclear pores.
		Nuclear pores are formed at sites where the inner and outer membranes of the nuclear envelope are joined.
		The inner and outer membranes of the nuclear envelope are joined and there appears to be a diaphragm-like structure in the center.
	cellbio.utmb.edu /cellbio/nuclear_envelope.htm (1744 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Optimized detection of circulating anti-nuclear envelope autoantibodies by ...
		Nuclear envelope is a complex structure consisting of outer and inner nuclear membranes, nuclear pore complexes (NPC) and the nuclear lamina [1].
		When cells were fixed with 4% FA a peripheral nuclear pattern indicative of nuclear envelope staining was observed, with the exception of sera 30 and 161, which presented an intense cytoplasmic staining and a non-conclusive nuclear envelope pattern.
		Depending on their molecular weight, nuclear envelope autoantigens recognized by autoantibodies present in the sera examined could be grouped in two categories (Figure 1B): The first comprises autoantigens of high molecular mass, recognized by sera 176 and 184, while the second contains a protein of approximately 50 kDa recognized by all sera (27, 159, 161).
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2172/7/20 (3959 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		This nuclear envelope houses the DNA and although the cytoplasm and nuclearplasm are similar and directly connected, their protein composition is quite different.
		This is initiated by phosphorylation of the nuclear lamin, a fibrilar meshwork which is attached to the inner surface of the nuclear membrane and gives integrity to the nuclear envelope.
		The nuclear lamin depolymerizes and this is followed by the devolution of the nuclear envelope and pore complexes and dispersal of the nuclear contents throughout the cytoplasm.
	martin.parasitology.mcgill.ca /JIMSPAGE/CELLBIOL/npore.htm (909 words)

	nuclear envelope
		The parallel nuclear membranes are separated by a narrow space (40-70 nanometers wide) known as the perinuclear cisterna.
		Each of the nuclear pores has a diameter of about 70 nm (but an effective diameter for transport of only about 10 nm) and is enclosed by single layered diaphragm of protein.
		The outer membrane of nuclear envelope is covered with ribosomes and is continuous with the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER).
	www.daviddarling.info /encyclopedia/N/nuclear_envelope.html (171 words)

	A New Model for Nuclear Envelope Breakdown -- Terasaki et al. 12 (2): 503 -- Molecular Biology of the Cell
		The nuclear envelope is a double-membrane barrier that is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
		Nuclear lamina disassembly is required for normal mitosis and occurs at approximately the same time, but its role in the disruption of the nuclear envelope membrane barrier is uncertain.
		Stafstrom, J.P., and Staehelin, L.A. Dynamics of the nuclear envelope and of nuclear pore complexes during mitosis in the Drosophila embryo.
	www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/full/12/2/503 (4898 words)

	Organelles.org
		The nuclear envelope serves the extremely important role of separating the nucleus, genetic material and nuclear activity from outside intrusions, such as ions, solutes, and macromolecules.
		However, when substances are needed by the nucleus, the nuclear envelope allows them to pass through tiny openings called nuclear pores.
		The nuclear envelope is also supported and kept in tact by a meshy network called the nuclear lamina.
	www.facstaff.bucknell.edu /kfield/organelles/nuclear_env.html (86 words)

	Phosphorylation-dependent Protein Interactions at the Nuclear Envelope
		In the context of signal transmission towards the cell nucleus, we are studying the role of the inner nuclear membrane of the nuclear envelope in signal transduction and regulation of nuclear function.
		The nuclear envelope consists of an inner and an outer nuclear membrane that are interconnected at the nuclear pore complexes.
		The outer nuclear membrane is continuous with the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum.
	userpage.chemie.fu-berlin.de /biochemie/aghucho/NE_Project.html (696 words)

	Cell nucleus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A cross section of a nuclear pore on the surface of the nuclear envelope (1).
		The nuclear envelope completely encloses the nucleus and separates the cell's genetic material from the surrounding cytoplasm, serving as a barrier to prevent macromolecules from diffusing freely between the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm.
		The outer nuclear membrane is continuous with the membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), and is similarly studded with ribosomes.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cell_nucleus (5332 words)

	Interactions among Drosophila Nuclear Envelope Proteins Lamin, Otefin, and YA -- Goldberg et al. 18 (7): 4315 -- ...
		Otefin interacts with both lamin (this study) and the inner nuclear membrane (1, 2) and hence is shown on the membrane-facing side of the nuclear lamina.
		The conserved carboxy-terminal cysteine of nuclear lamins is essential for lamin association with the nuclear envelope.
		Integral membrane proteins of the nuclear envelope are dispersed throughout the endoplasmic reticulum during mitosis.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/18/7/4315 (7365 words)

	A novel mechanism of nuclear envelope break-down in a fungus: nuclear migration strips off the envelope
		Prior to mitosis, the nucleus was pulled towards the daughter cell and a nuclear membrane extension was formed that reached into the bud (Figure 2B, neck indicated by asterisk).
		A membranous bridge appeared to connect the new nucleus and the old envelope, which gradually disappeared while the new nucleus expanded, suggesting that material is recycled from the old envelope in telophase (Figure 2E; asterisk marks old envelope in mother cell; arrow indicates new nucleus; arrowhead points to membrane connection between both).
		Our data demonstrate that nuclear removal is coupled to the formation of a long nuclear extension that breaks within the bud, while the SPB and attached chromosomes migrate into the daughter cell.
	www.nature.com /emboj/journal/v24/n9/full/7600644a.html (7922 words)

	Plant nuclear envelope proteins (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The nuclear envelope separates chromatin from the cytoplasm and is involved in organizing nuclear architecture.
		They are involved in chromatin association with the nuclear rim, and have been implied in the orchestration nuclear envelope dynamics during mitosis.
		Its hydrophobic N-terminus is necessary for the targeting of MFP1 to the nuclear rim, suggesting that it might be directly associated with the nuclear envelope membranes (2).
	ohioline.osu.edu /~pmbb/pdfs/pmbb_symposium_abstracts_2000/meier.html (417 words)

	Electrical Dimension of the Nuclear Envelope -- Mazzanti et al. 81 (1): 1 -- Physiological Reviews
		The outer nuclear membrane is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum so that the perinuclear space (cisterna) of the NE is contiguous with the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum.
		Inhibition of in vitro nuclear transport by a lectin that binds to nuclear pores.
		The nuclear permeability, intracellular distribution, and diffusion of inulin in the amphibian oocyte.
	physrev.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/81/1/1 (8148 words)

	A role for nuclear lamins in nuclear envelope assembly -- Lopez-Soler et al. 154 (1): 61 -- The Journal of Cell Biology
		The involvement of lamins in chromatin decondensation and nuclear
		Fawcett, D.W. On the occurrence of a fibrous lamina on the inner aspect of the nuclear envelope in certain cells of vertebrates.
		The nuclear envelope lamina is reversibly depolymerized during mitosis.
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/full/154/1/61 (7306 words)

	BioMed Central \| Abstract \| Nuclear envelope transmembrane proteins (NETs) that are up-regulated during myogenesis
		The nuclear lamina is a protein meshwork lining the inner nuclear membrane, which contains a polymer of nuclear lamins associated with transmembrane proteins of the inner nuclear membrane.
		The lamina is involved in nuclear structure, gene expression, and association of the cytoplasmic cytoskeleton with the nucleus.
		Furthermore, the 3 NETs that we could analyze by immunoblotting were highly enriched in nuclear envelopes relative to microsomal membranes purified from mouse liver.
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2121/7/38/abstract (363 words)

	C. elegans Nuclear Envelope Proteins Emerin, MAN1, Lamin, and Nucleoporins Reveal Unique Timing of Nuclear Envelope ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Georgatos, S.D., Pyrpasopoulou, A., and Theodoropoulos, P.A. Nuclear envelope breakdown in mammalian cells involves stepwise lamina disassembly and microtubule-driven deformation of the nuclear membrane.
		Radu, A., Blobel, G., and Moore, M.S. Identification of a protein complex that is required for nuclear protein import and mediates docking of import substrate to distinct nucleoporins.
		Stafstrom, J.P., and Staehelin, A.L. Dynamics of the nuclear envelope and of nuclear pore complexes during mitosis in the Drosophila embryo.
	www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/full/11/9/3089 (6528 words)

	Sequential degradation of proteins from the nuclear envelope during apoptosis -- Kihlmark et al. 114 (20): 3643 -- ...
		perturbation of the nuclear envelope and clustering of nuclear
		The immunolabeling of the periphery of apoptotic nuclei was weaker or absent.
		Sequential proteolysis of proteins from the nuclear envelope in cell cultures undergoing apoptosis.
	jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/114/20/3643 (5260 words)

	Interactions among Drosophila Nuclear Envelope Proteins Lamin, Otefin, and YA -- Goldberg et al. 18 (7): 4315 -- ...
		Interactions among Drosophila Nuclear Envelope Proteins Lamin, Otefin, and YA -- Goldberg et al.
		The nuclear envelope plays many roles, including organizing nuclear structure and regulating nuclear events.
		Yu, J., Wolfner, M. The Drosophila Nuclear Lamina Protein YA Binds to DNA and Histone H2B with Four Domains.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/abstract/18/7/4315 (576 words)

	Glucocorticoids remodel nuclear envelope structure and permeability -- Shahin et al. 118 (13): 2881 -- Journal of Cell ...
		Courvalin, J.-C., Lassoued, K., Bartnik, E., Blobel, G. and Wozniak, R. The 210-kDa nuclear envelope polypeptide recognized by human autoantibodies in primary billary cirrhosis is the major glycoprotein of the nuclear pore.
		Visualization of the membrane surfaces of the neclear envelope and the nuclear cortex from Xenopus laevis oocytes.
		Wozniak, R. and Blobel, G. The single transmembrane segment of gp 210 Is sufficient for sorting to the pore membrane domain of the nuclear envelope.
	jcs.biologists.org /cgi/content/full/118/13/2881 (4636 words)

	The Nuclear Envelope and Human Disease -- Muchir and Worman 19 (5): 309 -- Physiology
		The Nuclear Envelope and Human Disease -- Muchir and Worman 19 (5): 309 -- Physiology
		Mutations in nuclear lamins A and C, intermediate filament proteins
		Alterations of nuclear envelope and chromatin organization in mandibuloacral dysplasia, a rare form of laminopathy
	physiologyonline.physiology.org /cgi/content/abstract/19/5/309 (300 words)

	Nup155 regulates nuclear envelope and nuclear pore complex formation in nematodes and vertebrates
		Nuclear envelope (NE) formation during cell division in multicellular organisms is a central yet poorly understood biological process.
		In vivo depletion of Nup155 led to failure of nuclear lamina formation and defects in chromosome segregation at anaphase.
		Time-course experiments indicated that Nup155 is recruited to chromatin at the time of NE sealing, suggesting that nuclear pore complex assembly has to progress to a relatively late stage before NE membrane assembly occurs.
	www.nature.com /emboj/journal/v24/n20/abs/7600825a.html (273 words)

	Nuclear envelope - Glossary Entry - Genetics Home Reference (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Nuclear envelope - Glossary Entry - Genetics Home Reference
		The envelope that surrounds the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
		It is a double membrane composed of two lipid bilayers separated by a gap of width 20-40 nm (the perinuclear space).
	ghr.nlm.nih.gov /ghr/glossary/nuclearenvelope (77 words)

	All Nuclear Envelope
		Lamin A + C antibody - Nuclear Envelope Marker
		Lamin A antibody [133A2] - Nuclear Envelope Marker
		PDI1 antibody [38H8] - ER and Nuclear Envelope Marker
	www.abcam.com /?c=623 (624 words)

	The Cell Nucleus I
		Organize genes into chromosomes to allow cell division.
		Transport regulatory factors and gene products via nuclear pores
		Produce messages (messenger Ribonucleic acid or mRNA) that code for proteins
	cellbio.utmb.edu /cellbio/nucleus.htm (122 words)

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