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Topic: Nuclease

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	Nuclease Summary
		Nucleases are enzymes that break the chemical bonds, called phosphodiester bonds, that hold the nucleotides of DNA or RNA polymers together.
		A nuclease is an enzyme capable of cleaving the phosphodiester bonds between the nucleotide subunits of nucleic acids.
		Nucleases are further described by addition of the prefix "endo" or "exo" to the name: The term "endonuclease" applies to sequence specific nucleases that break nucleic acid chains somewhere in the interior, rather than at the ends, of the molecule.
	www.bookrags.com /Nuclease (2581 words)

	Patent 6,524,578
		The nuclease solution discussed herein is formed by combining an amount of water capable of effectively covering a desired portion of skin, with an effective amount of nuclease of sufficient concentration to readily digest extra-cellular DNA and/or RNA, and an effective amount of nuclease co-factor sufficient to activate the nuclease.
		Furthermore, the nuclease solution may be applied to a subject in an amount equal to from about 0.5 milliliters of nuclease solution per square centimeter of skin to about 10 milliliters of nuclease solution per square centimeter of skin.
		The process is in essence a two part process whereby the exogenous nuclease degrades extra-cellular polynucleotides and oligonucleotides, which leads to a change in equilibrium between the extra-cellular polynucleotides/oligionucleotides and the intra-cellular polynucleotides/oligonucleotides, resulting in a passage of nucleotides from the cytoplasm of the cell to the extra-cellular fluid.
	www.pharmcast.com /Patents/Yr2003/Feb2003/022503/6524578_Wrinkles022503.htm (2764 words)

	United States Patent Application: 0040091886
		This method entails the treatment of heteroduplex DNA sequences with a nuclease (preferably, DNase I) and a polymerase (preferably, DNA polymerase I), the enzymes primarily involved in nick translation.
		The reaction carried out by a nuclease and polymerase, particularly with DNaseI and Pol I is akin to that of nick translation and is, thus, referred to as such throughout the specification.
		Accordingly, the combination of these molecules (the polymerase and nuclease) or, in the alternative, the polymerase (when the heteroduplex is nicked) is referred to as a heteroduplex repair system.
	appft1.uspto.gov /netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/srchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1="20040091886".PGNR.&OS=DN/20040091886&RS=DN/20040091886 (6902 words)

	Ambion, Inc. - Nuclease Protection Assays: The Basics
		Nuclease protection assays (NPAs), including both ribonuclease protection assays (RPAs) and S1 nuclease assays, are an extremely sensitive method for the detection, quantitation and mapping of specific RNAs in a complex mixture of total cellular RNA.
		Nuclease digestion, product separation on a denaturing 6% acrylamide gel, and a four-hour exposure to film at -80°C were used to assess hybridization levels.
		A region of the single-stranded, antisense probe must typically be completely homologous to target RNA to prevent cleavage of the probe:target hybrid by nuclease.
	www.ambion.com /techlib/basics/npa/index.html (1333 words)

	Duplex-specific nuclease
		Nucleases are important analytical enzymes used widely in biomedical and biotechnological applications.
		Nucleases with novel and unusual properties may facilitate the development of advanced technologies in many areas of biotechnology and biomedicine.
		Nuclease from the kamchatka crab hepatopancreas was purified by acetone precipitation, followed by column chromatography.
	www.ibch.ru /lgr/dsn.htm (541 words)

	In Vivo Evidence for Two Active Nuclease Motifs in the Double-Strand Break Repair Enzyme RexAB of Lactococcus lactis -- ...
		to the sole nuclease activity of the exo/hel enzymes (51).
		Activities are as in panel A, except that the RexB nuclease is inactive.
		As such, although the 3' end is degraded by RexA nuclease, a 5' end is generated that can act as a substrate in homologous recombination, as shown from previous in vitro and in vivo data (35, 39).
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/183/13/4071 (4578 words)

	The Mre11 Nuclease Is Not Required for 5' to 3' Resection at Multiple HO-Induced Double-Strand Breaks -- Llorente and ...
		The nuclease activity of Mre11 is not required for the 5' to 3' resection at MAT when additional DSBs are made by phleomycin.
		The SbcCD nuclease of Escherichia coli is a structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) family protein that cleaves hairpin DNA.
		The nuclease activity of Mre11 is required for meiosis but not for mating type switching, end joining, or telomere maintenance.
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/24/21/9682 (7502 words)

	A Complex Chromatin Landscape Revealed by Patterns of Nuclease Sensitivity and Histone Modification within the Mouse ...
		1, with the region of nuclease sensitivity indicated by the bracket underneath.
		Histone acetylation at the transitions in nuclease sensitivity flanking the ß-globin locus.
		the erythroid-specific HSs at kb -85.5 and -84.5 is nuclease
	mcb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/23/15/5234 (7956 words)

	Cloning of mnuA, a Membrane Nuclease Gene of Mycoplasma pulmonis, and Analysis of Its Expression in Escherichia coli -- ...
		Cloning of mnuA, a Membrane Nuclease Gene of Mycoplasma pulmonis, and Analysis of Its Expression in Escherichia coli -- Jarvill-Taylor et al.
		For nuclease detection, mycoplasma suspensions were produced as previously described (20).
		Cloning of a gene from Thermus filiformis and characterization of the thermostable nuclease.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/181/6/1853 (4902 words)

	RNA Template-dependent 5' Nuclease Activity of Thermus aquaticus and Thermus thermophilus DNA Polymerases -- Ma et al. ...
		RNA Template-dependent 5' Nuclease Activity of Thermus aquaticus and Thermus thermophilus DNA Polymerases -- Ma et al.
		DNA and RNA Template-dependent 5' Nuclease Activities of Structure-specific 5' Nucleases-- The 5' nuclease activity assay was designed similarly to the invasive signal amplification reaction described previously (11).
		The 5' nuclease and polymerase domains of TaqPol and the palm, thumb, and fingers regions of the polymerase domain are indicated.
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/full/275/32/24693 (5673 words)

	Nucleases: Micrococcal Nuclease
		Micrococcal Nuclease (S7 Nuclease) is a relatively nonspecific endo-exonuclease that digests single-stranded and double-stranded nucleic acids, but is more active on single-stranded substrates.
		E.coli cells with a cloned nuc gene encoding Staphylococcus aureus extracellular nuclease (micrococcal nuclease).
		Krupp, G., Gross, J.H., Rapid RNA sequencing: nucleases from Staphylococcus aureus and Neurospora crassa discriminate between uridine and cytidine, Nucleic Acids Res., 6, 3481-3490, 1979.
	www.fermentas.com /catalog/modifyingenzymes/nucleasemicrococcal.htm (232 words)

	Cloning and Characterization of a Periplasmic Nuclease of Vibrio vulnificus and Its Role in Preventing Uptake of ...
		Cloning and Characterization of a Periplasmic Nuclease of Vibrio vulnificus and Its Role in Preventing Uptake of Foreign DNA -- Wu et al.
		We have cloned a nuclease gene, vvn, from Vibrio vulnificus, an estuarine bacterium that causes wound infections and septicemia
		Nucleotide sequence of the nuclease gene and the deduced amino acid sequence.
	aem.asm.org /cgi/content/full/67/1/82 (4180 words)

	Identification of BFN1, a Bifunctional Nuclease Induced during Leaf and Stem Senescence in Arabidopsis -- ...
		Nuclease I enzymes are responsible for the degradation of RNA and single-stranded DNA during several plant growth and developmental
		We report the identification of an Arabidopsis nuclease I cDNA that is induced specifically during leaf and stem senescence.
		Blank A, McKeon TA (1989) Single-strand-preferring nuclease activity in wheat leaves is increased in senescence and is negatively photoregulated.
	www.plantphysiol.org /cgi/content/full/122/1/169 (6558 words)

	Mung Bean Nuclease FAQs, Nucleases, New England Biolabs
		Mung Bean Nuclease can be used to chew back a 3' extension, but DNA Polymerase I, Large (Klenow) Fragment may be a slightly better choice due to Mung Bean Nuclease's ability to act at nicks and degrade ends as they "breathe".
		Although Mung Bean Nuclease can inactivated by heat, this is not recommended because the DNA begins to "breathe" before the Mung Bean Nuclease is inactivated and undesirable degradation occurs at breathing sections.
		Further, since the endonucleic activity is known to occur at 'bubbles' on the DNA helix, which transiently form along the length of the molecule, substrates which are already nicked, or are of high AT content are more susceptible to this endonucleic activity.
	www.neb.com /nebecomm/products/faqproductM0250.asp (424 words)

	Role of the Nuclease Activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mre11 in Repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks in Mitotic Cells ...
		Role of the Nuclease Activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mre11 in Repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks in Mitotic Cells -- Lewis et al.
		Role of the Nuclease Activity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mre11 in Repair of DNA Double-Strand Breaks in Mitotic Cells
		The nuclease mutants are differentially sensitive to the S-phase clastogens HU and MMS:
	www.genetics.org /cgi/content/full/166/4/1701 (5778 words)

	Metal ions and phosphate binding in the H-N-H motif: Crystal structures of the nuclease domain of ColE7/Im7 in complex ...
		Metal ions and phosphate binding in the H-N-H motif: Crystal structures of the nuclease domain of ColE7/Im7 in complex with a phosphate ion and different divalent metal ions -- Sui et al.
		Romier, C., Dominguez, R., Lahm, A., Dahl, O., and Suck, D. Recognition of single-strand DNA by nuclease P1: High resolution crystal structures of complexes with substrate analogs.
		Trubetskoy, V.S., Hagstrom, J.E., and Budker, V.G. Self-quenched covalent fluorescent dye-nucleic acid conjugates as polymeric substrates for enzymatic nuclease assays.
	www.proteinscience.org /cgi/content/full/11/12/2947 (5369 words)

	nuclease -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Nucleases, which belong to the class of enzymes called hydrolases, are usually specific in action, ribonucleases acting only upon ribonucleic acids (RNA) and deoxyribonucleases acting only upon deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA).
		Some enzymes having a general action (such as phosphoesterases, which hydrolyze phosphoric acid esters) can be...
		Esterases include lipases, which break ester bonds (between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol) in lipids, and phosphatases, which act analogously upon phosphates; a narrower category comprises the nucleases, which are phosphatases that hydrolyze nucleic acids.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9056452?tocId=9056452 (261 words)

	Application of a 5' Nuclease Assay for Detection of Lawsonia intracellularis in Fecal Samples from Pigs -- Lindecrona ...
		subjected to the 5' nuclease assay, and the differences in Ct values between method I and the two other methods were determined.
		to be detected by the 5' nuclease assay.
		PCR-based DNA amplification and presumptive detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 with an internal fluorogenic probe and the 5' nuclease (TaqMan) assay.
	jcm.asm.org /cgi/content/full/40/3/984 (3012 words)

	Underrepresentation of the 3' Region of the Capsid Pregenomic RNA of Duck Hepatitis B Virus -- Ostrow and Loeb 78 (5): ...
		The 3' region of capsid RNA isolated with micrococcal nuclease treatment is abundantly detected approximately 225 nt upstream of the poly(A) tail.
		nuclease sensitivity of the 3' region of the capsid pgRNA.
		RNA was isolated by immunoprecipitation in the absence of nuclease
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/78/5/2179 (5571 words)

	nuclease - OneLook Dictionary Search
		nuclease : Compact Oxford English Dictionary [home, info]
		Nuclease : Drug Discovery and Development [home, info]
		Phrases that include nuclease: restriction nuclease, micrococcal nuclease, mung bean nuclease, s1 nuclease mapping, apex nuclease, more...
	www.onelook.com /?w=nuclease (195 words)

	The zinc ion in the HNH motif of the endonuclease domain of colicin E7 is not required for DNA binding but is essential ...
		The metal ions in the Serratia nuclease and I-PpoI have
		Trubetskoy,V.S., Hagstrom,J.E. and Budker,V.G. (2002) Self-quenched covalent fluorescent dye-nucleic acid conjugates as polymeric substrates for enzymatic nuclease assays.
		Pommer,A.J., Wallis,R., Moore,G.R., James,R. and Kleanthous,C. (1998) Enzymatic characterization of the nuclease domain from the bacterial toxin colicin E9 from Escherichia coli.
	nar.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/30/7/1670 (5718 words)

	Comparison of the 5' nuclease activities of Taq DNA polymerase and its isolated nuclease domain -- Lyamichev et al. 96 ...
		Comparison of the 5' nuclease activities of Taq DNA polymerase and its isolated nuclease domain -- Lyamichev et al.
		Structure-sensing nucleases are ubiquitous in biology, being essential for both the synthesis and the repair of DNA (1-12).
		Inhibition of TaqNP and TaqN nucleases by anti-TaqNP antibodies
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/96/11/6143 (5403 words)

	ZEN1 Is a Key Enzyme in the Degradation of Nuclear DNA during Programmed Cell Death of Tracheary Elements -- Ito and ...
		Brown, P.H., and Ho, T.-H.D. Barley aleurone layers secrete a nuclease in response to gibberellic acid: Purification and partial characterization of the associated ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease, and 3'-nucleotidase activities.
		Oleson, A.E., Janski, A.M., Fahrlander, P.D., and Wiesner, T.A. Nuclease I from suspension-cultured Nicotiana tabacum: Purification and properties of the extracellular enzyme.
		Thelen, M.P., and Northcote, D.H. Identification and purification of a nuclease from Zinnia elegans L.: A potential molecular marker for xylogenesis.
	www.plantcell.org /cgi/content/full/14/12/3201 (6385 words)

	The Nuclease Activity of the Yeast Dna2 Protein, Which Is Related to the RecB-like Nucleases, Is Essential in Vivo -- ...
		The Nuclease Activity of the Yeast Dna2 Protein, Which Is Related to the RecB-like Nucleases, Is Essential in Vivo -- Budd et al.
		Articles by Budd, M. Articles by Campbell, J. The Nuclease Activity of the Yeast Dna2 Protein, Which Is Related to the RecB-like Nucleases, Is Essential in Vivo
		and the nuclease activity is regulated in a complex manner by
	www.jbc.org /cgi/content/abstract/275/22/16518 (1037 words)

	EPICENTRE®—Reagents and Kits for Genomics, Proteomics, and RNA Research
		Mung Bean Nuclease is a single-strand-specific nuclease purified from sprouts of the mung bean Vigna radiata.
		Because Mung Bean Nuclease has higher specificity for single-stranded DNA and RNA than S1 Nuclease, it is the enzyme of choice for most applications requiring a single-strand-specific nuclease.
		The enzyme is also tested to ensure that the level of double-stranded nuclease activity is less than 0.05% of the single-stranded nuclease activity, and it is free of phosphatase activity.
	www.epibio.com /item.asp?ID=322 (355 words)

	EVROGEN
		Analysis of DSN action on synthetic oligonucleotide substrates revealed that the enzyme discriminates between perfectly matched short DNA-DNA duplexes (8-12 bp) and duplexes of the same length with at least one mismatch (Figure 2).
		Determination of crab nuclease preference for specific structural features of DNA substrates.
		The relative fluorescence increase in the oligonucleotide substrate, RFI, was defined as RFI= (Fi-Fo/Fmax-Fo) x 100%, where Fi is the fluorescence intensity of a substrate after incubation with nuclease, Fo is the substrate fluorescence in the absence of enzyme, and Fmax represents the fluorescence of 100% cleaved substrate.
	www.evrogen.com /p2.shtml (694 words)

	Targeted Histone Acetylation and Altered Nuclease Accessibility over Short Regions of the Pea Plastocyanin Gene -- Chua ...
		the presence of inherent nuclease activities in the nuclei.
		Nuclei were incubated with micrococcal nuclease for the times indicated.
		Hörz, W., and Altenburger, W. (1981) Sequence specific cleavage of DNA by micrococcal nuclease.
	www.plantcell.org /cgi/content/full/13/3/599 (7513 words)

	Exposure of RNA Templates and Encapsidation of Spliced Viral RNA Are Influenced by the Arginine-Rich Domain of Human ...
		The dot represents incomplete nuclease digestion of the input plasmid during the HBV DNA extraction from PEG-precipitated capsids.
		The PEG method with nuclease treatment was used for capsid preparation.
		The results from the nuclease assays shown in panel B are also summarized here.
	jvi.asm.org /cgi/content/full/79/3/1871 (9932 words)

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