
	Where results make sense

Topic: Nucleoid

In the News (Tue 14 Feb 12)

EXECUTIVE POWER

Iran

ANALYSIS

Pakistan

Family compact

	Nucleoid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In prokaryotes, the nucleoid (meaning nucleus-like and also known as the nuclear region, nuclear body or chromatin body) is an irregularly shaped region within the cell where the genetic material is localised.
		The nucleoid can be clearly visualised on an electron micrograph at high magnification, where although its appearance may differ, it is clearly visible against the cytosol.
		Experimental evidence suggests that the nucleoid is largely composed of DNA, about 60%, with a small amount of RNA and protein.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nucleoid (235 words)

	Organelles.org
		The bacterial genome is composed of DNA and represents the bacterium's nucleoid.
		The bacterial nucleoid does not divide by mitosis, but the cytoplasmic membrane plays a role in DNA separation during bacterial replication.
		The nucleoid is the genetic material of the bacterium.
	www.facstaff.bucknell.edu /kfield/organelles/nucleoid.html (181 words)

	Fundamental structural units of the Escherichia coli nucleoid revealed by atomic force microscopy -- Kim et al. 32 (6): ...
		In parallel with the fluorescence microscopy, the nucleoid was
		The nucleoid becomes tightly packed and forms a coral reef structure of supercoiled 80 nm loops in the early stationary phase, and finally the tightly packed state in the late stationary phase.
		Cunha,S., Odijk,T., Suleymanoglu,E. and Woldringh,C.L. (2001) Isolation of the Escherichia coli nucleoid.
	nar.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/32/6/1982 (4717 words)

	Nucleoid
		In a prokaryote, the nucleoid region is the area in the cell where the single circular chromosome is found.
		The lack of a nuclear membrane in the nucleoid region is of critical importance for genetic researchers.
		The circular chromosome and plasmids of a prokaryotic cell are often used to inject DNA segments the researcher wants to duplicate, and the lack of a membrane ensures the researcher that he or she can get to the DNA with minimal danger of damaging the cell.
	www.iscid.org /encyclopedia/Nucleoid (247 words)

	100 Concepts of Biology
		The nucleoid contains a circular molecule of DNA which is the cells genetic material, or genome.
		Surrounding the nucleoid is a region of cytoplasm rich in ribosomes, small protein-RNA structures which do the job of synthesizing proteins.
		In the nucleoid, the DNA is both compacted so as to fit within the bacterium, and yet is still accessible to the machinery necessary both to read the genetic instructions (synthesize RNA) and to copy the DNA (replicate).
	mywebpages.comcast.net /biologycentury/pages/cell2.html (309 words)

	Compartmentalization of transcription and translation in Bacillus subtilis
		The distribution of Soj−GFP throughout the nucleoid was not similar to RNAP, and it appeared to be distributed heterogeneously throughout the nucleoid (Figure 2D−F).
		The nucleoids were positioned normally in the filaments because chromosome segregation is maintained in the absence of cell division (Figure 5C).
		Despite the block in division, the distribution of the ribosomal GFP signal was strikingly similar to that of normally dividing cells, with the signal concentrated in the inter-nucleoid spaces along the filament (Figure 5B and D).
	www.nature.com /emboj/journal/v19/n4/full/7592182a.html (6343 words)

	Effects of Perturbing Nucleoid Structure on Nucleoid Occlusion-Mediated Toporegulation of FtsZ Ring Assembly -- Sun and ...
		on the membrane is inhibited by the presence of the nucleoid
		is that nucleoids in a mukB mutant are not decondensed uniformly
		Role of the nucleoid in the toporegulation of division.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/186/12/3951 (4738 words)

	Polar localization of the replication origin and terminus in Escherichia coli nucleoids during chromosome partitioning ...
		at the old-pole-proximal nucleoid border and the terminus at the
		border to a midcell-proximal border of a nucleoid.
		A septum is formed at midcell, resulting in newborn cells that have a replication terminus localized at the nucleoid border near a pole newly created by cell division.
	www.genesdev.org /cgi/content/full/12/7/1036 (5090 words)

	Increased bending rigidity of single DNA molecules by H-NS, a temperature and osmolarity sensor Biophysical Journal - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The bacterial chromosome or nucleoid is a dynamic entity that is continuously replicating and repaired, and it allows for rapid gene expression in response to specific cellular demands (Pettijohn, 1996; Trun and Marko, 1998).
		In Escherichia coli, it was shown that the relative concentration of the various nucleoid-- associated proteins changes as the cells enter the stationary phase of growth (Azam et al., 1999).
		One of the major nucleoid proteins, the histonelike nucleoid structuring protein (H-NS; see Ussery et al., 1994; Williams and Rimsky, 1997), is an abundant protein, present at -20,000 copies in exponential phase.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3938/is_200304/ai_n9210793 (975 words)

	Dept of MCB, Harvard U: News and Events - MCB News
		All cells are faced with two very basic problems each cell cycle: (i) they must coordinate DNA replication with cell division such that replication occurs both in a timely manner and only once per cell cycle, and (ii) they must precisely segregate replicated (sister) chromosomes into two daughter cells.
		Thus, sister chromosomes are oriented tail-to-tail (the terminus being the last part to replicate, and origins being the first) for the later part of the cell cycle.
		Concurrent with cell division, however, the nucleoid moves dramatically to the middle of each daughter cell (Figure 2).
	mcb.harvard.edu /NewsEvents/News/Kleckner4.html (419 words)

	Protein Components of Mitochondrial DNA Nucleoids in Higher Eukaryotes -- Bogenhagen et al. 2 (11): 1205 -- Molecular & ...
		is not a factor in the rapid sedimentation of nucleoids.
		A, the relative DNA content of selected fractions of a metrizamide gradient analysis of mtDNA nucleoids is shown to illustrate the distribution of DNA surrounding the peak in fraction 6.
		Sato, H., Tachifuji, A., Tamura, M., and Miyakawa, I. (2002) Identification of the YMN-1 antigen protein and biochemical analyses of protein components in the mitochondrial nucleoid fraction of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
	www.mcponline.org /cgi/content/full/2/11/1205 (6656 words)

	Evidence for a two membrane-spanning autonomous mitochondrial DNA replisome -- Meeusen and Nunnari 163 (3): 503 -- The ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		that nucleoid inheritance is nonrandom and that mitochondrial
		Mgm101p is a novel component of the mitochondrial nucleoid that binds DNA and is required for the repair of oxidatively damaged mitochondrial DNA.
		Fluorescence microscopic studies of mitochondrial nucleoids during meiosis and sporulation in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
	www.jcb.org /cgi/content/full/163/3/503 (4394 words)

	Prokaryotic Cell Structure: Structures Within the Cytoplasm - The Nucleoid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Structures located within the cytoplasm of bacteria include the nucleoid, ribosomes, and in some bacteria, plasmids, endospores, inclusion bodies, and organelles used for photosynthesis.
		The bacterial genome is composed of chromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA and represents the bacterium's nucleoid.
		The nucleoid is one long, single molecule of double stranded, helical, supercoiled DNA (def).
	faculty.ccbcmd.edu /courses/bio141/lecguide/unit1/prostruct/nucleoid.html (890 words)

	Growth phase-dependent variation in protein composition of the Escherichia coli nucleoid.
		Thus, the major protein components of the nucleoid change from Fis and HU in the growing phase to Dps in the stationary phase.
		The nucleoid proteins play some functional roles, besides their structural roles, in the global regulation of such essential DNA functions as replication, recombination, and transcription.
		These changes in the composition of nucleoid-associated proteins in the stationary phase are accompanied by compaction of the genome DNA and silencing of the genome functions.
	www.ihop-net.org /UniPub/iHOP/gp/2024829.html (237 words)

	Effects of the Min system on nucleoid segregation in Escherichia coli -- Åkerlund et al. 148 (10): 3213 -- ...
		of non-polar septa and a disturbed nucleoid segregation).
		Mulder, E., El’Bouhali, M., Pas, E. and Woldringh, C. The Escherichia coli minB mutation resembles gyrB in defective nucleoid segregation and decreased negative supercoiling of plasmids.
		Woldringh, C. L., Mulder, E., Valkenburg, J. A., Wientjes, F. B., Zaritsky, A. and Nanninga, N. Role of the nucleoid in the toporegulation of division.
	mic.sgmjournals.org /cgi/content/full/148/10/3213 (5002 words)

	Composition and Dynamics of Human Mitochondrial Nucleoids -- Garrido et al. 14 (4): 1583 -- Molecular Biology of the ...
		The mitochondrial isolation procedure and subsequent steps of the nucleoid isolation procedure is depicted in A. Abbreviations for the various fractions as used in the other panels are also indicated.
		In addition it shows an apparent redistribution of a nucleoid moving into what appears to be a daughter mitochondrion about to be split of (indicated by an open arrow).
		To further demonstrate that nucleoids were excluded from sites of mitochondrial fission we looked at colocalization, in human osteosarcoma cells, of nucleoids stained by mtSSB ICC (A), with the mitochondrial fission protein Drp1, used here as a GFP fusion protein (B).
	www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/full/14/4/1583 (7354 words)

	Cell (biology) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planet03.csc.ncsu.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		RNA is also used for information transport (e.g., mRNA) and enzymatic functions (e.g., ribosomal RNA) in organisms that use DNA for the genetic code itself.
		Prokaryotic genetic material is organized in a simple circular DNA molecule (the bacterial chromosome) in the nucleoid region of the cytoplasm.
		Eukaryotic genetic material is divided into different, linear molecules called chromosomes inside a discrete nucleus, usually with additional genetic material in some organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts (see endosymbiotic theory).
	en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/Cell_(biology) (3877 words)

	Nucleoid region - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Nucleoid region - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		In prokaryotic lifeforms, the nucleoid region is the part of the cell that contains the DNA molecule.
		This encyclopedia, history, geography and biography article about Nucleoid region contains research on
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Nucleoid_region (76 words)

	The nucleoid associated proteins: how they alter DNA topology and influence gene expression.
		The nucleoid associated proteins: how they alter DNA topology and influence gene expression.
		Nucleoid associated proteins: DNA topology and gene expression.
		We are studying how proteins such as H-NS, Fis and StpA act to control DNA topology and gene expression, with a particular emphasis on their impact upon virulence genes in Salmonella and pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli.
	www.ifr.bbsrc.ac.uk /safety/molmicro/research_nucleoidproteins.html (234 words)

	Dynamic relocalization of phage [phgr]29 DNA during replication and the role of the viral protein p16.7
		In addition to the single bright focus, a faint smear of BrdU signal could also sometimes be seen over the rest of the host cell nucleoid, which may correspond to newly replicated copies of the phage DNA diffusing away from their sites of synthesis (grey arrows; Figure 4B and C).
		Rather, BrdU foci, mostly located at the distal end of the nucleoid, were observed (Figure 4H and I), which bore a striking similarity to the pattern of phage DNA localization during the early stages of infection with wild-type phage (see Figure 4A−C).
		During the cell cycle, this nucleoprotein complex, located at the distal end of the bacterial nucleoid, moves actively in the direction of the cell pole (Ireton et al., 1994; Glaser et al., 1997; Lewis and Errington, 1997; Lin et al., 1997; Webb et al., 1997).
	www.nature.com /emboj/journal/v19/n15/full/7593234a.html (5803 words)

	Membrane-Bounded Nucleoid in the Eubacterium Gemmatata obscuriglobus -- Fuerst and Webb 88 (18): 8184 -- Proceedings of ...
		The membrane-bounded nature of the nucleoid in this bacterium was shown by thin sectioning of chemically fixed cells, thin sectioning of freeze-substituted cells, and freeze-fracture/freeze-etch.
		The fibrillar nucleoid was surrounded by electron-dense granules that were in turn enveloped by two nuclear membranes separated by an electron-transparent space.
		The occurrence of a membrane-bounded nucleoid in a eubacterial prokaryote is a significant exception to the evidence supporting the prokaryote/eukaryote dichotomous classification of cell structure.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/ijlink?linkType=ABST&journalCode=pnas&resid=88/18/8184 (398 words)

	Nucleoid Structure and Partition in Methanococcus jannaschii: An Archaeon With Multiple Copies of the Chromosome -- ...
		Nucleoid Structure and Partition in Methanococcus jannaschii: An Archaeon With Multiple Copies of the Chromosome -- Malandrin et al.
		The nucleoids were visualized to differentiate aggregates of two cells (two nucleoids visible) from doublets with only one nucleoid.
		Nucleoid structure and asymmetric division as revealed by DAPI staining of M.
	www.genetics.org /cgi/content/full/152/4/1315 (4760 words)

	Growth Phase-Dependent Variation in Protein Composition of the Escherichia coli Nucleoid -- Ali Azam et al. 181 (20): ...
		nucleoid during the phase transition of cell growth.
		The nine species of nucleoid protein showing the highest expression in growing cells may be involved in growth-related functions.
		Ishihama, A. Modulation of the nucleoid, the transcription apparatus, and the translation machinery in bacteria for stationary phase survival.
	jb.asm.org /cgi/content/full/181/20/6361 (7834 words)

	Glom Is a Novel Mitochondrial DNA Packaging Protein in Physarum polycephalum and Causes Intense Chromatin Condensation ...
		In the vector-only strain (a), the nucleoid (electron-transparent area) localized throughout the cytoplasm.
		In Glom-expressing strains (b–d), the nucleoids were more compact and some cells had an electron-dense nucleoid as shown in d.
		Satoh, M., and Kuroiwa, T. Organization of multiple nucleoids and DNA molecules in mitochondria of a human.
	www.molbiolcell.org /cgi/content/full/14/12/4758 (7394 words)

	DNA supercoiling and nucleoid structure
		This 1.6 mm long molecule is compressed into a nucleoid to fit inside the 1-2 μm cell in a functional format.
		To examine the role of DNA supercoiling as nucleoid compaction force we modulated the activity of DNA gyrase by electronic, genetic, and chemical means.
		Nucleoid size did not increase after reduction of DNA gyrase levels by genetic or chemical means, but nucleoids expanded upon chemical inhibition of gyrase in chloramphenicol-treated cells, indicating that supercoiling may help to compress the genome.
	home.tiscali.nl /rogier666/nucleoid.html (379 words)

	Single Molecule Elasticity Measurements: A Biophysical Approach to Bacterial Nucleoid Organization Biophysical Journal ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Single molecule methodology has proven itself over the last decade to be extremely beneficial for the elucidation of complex biochemical behavior providing startling insights, consistent with bulk biochemical experiments.
		In this respect, the exploration of the architecture of both the bacterial nucleoid and eukaryotic chromatin has taken a major step forward due to the introduction of single molecule biophysical techniques.
		Specifically, the characterization of elastic characteristics induced by sequence-nonspecific interactions of proteins with DNA at the single molecule level has proved to be a tool that sheds important new light on structural and organizational problems that heretofore have gone largely unexplored.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3938/is_200408/ai_n9421094 (810 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)