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Topic: Nucleus solitarius

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	Opioid receptor blockade in rat nucleus tractus solitarius alters amygdala dynorphin gene expression -- Glass et al. ...
		Effects of the opioid antagonist naltrexone on feeding induced by DAMGO in the central nucleus of the amygdala and in the paraventricular nucleus in the rat.
		Neuropeptide neuronal efferents from the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and central amygdaloid nucleus to the dorsal vagal complex in the rat.
		Opioids in the nucleus of the solitary tract are involved in feeding in the rat.
	ajpregu.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/283/1/R161 (3859 words)

	Dorlands Medical Dictionary
		a cell nucleus: a spheroid body within a cell, consisting of a number of characteristic organelles visible with the light microscope, a thin nuclear membrane, a nucleolus or nucleoli, irregular granules of chromatin and linin, and a diffuse nucleoplasm.
		centra´lis medul´lae spina´lis central nucleus of spinal cord: a group of nerve cells in the gray substance in the central region of the anterior column of the spinal cord.
		a small nucleus dorsal to the medial longitudinal fasciculus in the central gray matter at the rostral end of the cerebral aqueduct; it is believed to receive fibers from the fasciculus and from the superior colliculus.
	www.mercksource.com /pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_n_11zPzhtm (3762 words)

	Early American Manual Therapy
		Brachium Pontis—Chiefly, from the nucleus pontis to the contralateral hemispheres; partly, from the cerebellar hemispheres to the nucleus pontis and the nulei of the reticular formation.
		Solitarius, Fasciculus (respiratory bundle)—From the nerves intermedius to the nucleus solitarius.
		Spino-thalamic Tract—From the dorsal nucleus and posterior horns of the cord to the lateral nucleus of the thalamus.
	www.meridianinstitute.com /eamt/files/burns2/tables.html (1880 words)

	Mental and Emotional Health: Endogenous CCK4 and anxiety/panic
		It also projects to the dorsal parabrachial nucleus, an area that is involved in the control of cardiovascular and respiratory functions.
		The same two functions are also regulated by the nucleus tractus solitarius, another region with high concentration of CCK receptors located in the medulla which is also a part of the brain stem.
		If the animal data could be extrapolated to humans, the selective activation of CCK4 binding sites in the nucleus tractus solitarius and in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus might well be responsible for the vegetative elements of panic attack, namely the respiratory, cardiovascular and digestive functions.
	www.queendom.com /articles/mentalhealth/pd_ccken.html (1890 words)

	Neurological Exam: Medulla: Anatomy
		Just lateral to the nuclei of cells of CN XII in the central gray is the dorsal motor nucleus of CN X and the nucleus and tractus solitarius; fibers of these nuclei pass laterally to exit the medulla.
		The inferior olivary nucleus, which contributes crossed fibers to the inferior cerebellar peduncle, is lateral to the pyramids.
		As at closed medullary levels the nucleus of CN XII, the dorsal motor nucleus of CN X, and nucleus solitarius are located sequentially from medial to lateral.
	isc.temple.edu /neuroanatomy/lab/lesions/12.htm (696 words)

	Hari Subramanian
		Inspiratory neurons in the nucleus tractus solitarius of the rat: Responses to excitatory amino acid stimulation and activation of the vagus.
		Vagal and upper airway influences on the respiratory-related neuronal discharge in the nucleus ambiguus-retroambigualis complex in the rat brainstem.
		Neurones in the nucleus tractus solitarius mediate respiratory responses elicited by excitatory amino acid stimulation of the periaqueductal gray matter of the rat.
	www3.fhs.usyd.edu.au /bio/hspub.html (535 words)

	Medulla oblongata - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A blockage (such as in a stroke) will injure the pyramidal tract, medial lemniscus and the hypoglossal nucleus.
		The vertebral artery supplies an area between the other two main arteries, including the nucleus solitarius and other sensory nuclei and fibres.
		MEDULLA: arcuate nucleus of medulla, solitary nucleus, hypoglossal nucleus, nucleus ambiguus, olivary body, cuneate nucleus, accessory cuneate nucleus, gracile nucleus, inferior salivatory nucleus, nucleus raphe obscurus, nucleus raphe magnus, nucleus raphe pallidus, area postrema
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Medulla_oblongata (512 words)

	[No title]
		C. The inferior salivatory nucleus innervating the parotid gland is part of this nerve.
		E. The commissural portion of the solitary nucleus is often referred to as the gustatory nucleus.
		A. Fibers from all of the vestibular nuclei ascend in the MLF.
	web.indstate.edu /thcme/anderson/mcbrnstm.html (3339 words)

	[No title]
		ANATOMY: The Vagus: The vagus nerve has three nuclei located within the medulla: 1) the nucleus ambiguus 2) the dorsal nucleus 3) the nucleus of the tract of solitarius The nucleus ambiguus is the motor nucleus of the vagus nerve.
		The efferent fibers of the dorsal (parasympathetic) nucleus innervate the involuntary muscles of the bronchi, esophagus, heart, stomach, small intestine, and part of the large intestine.
		The efferent fibers of the nucleus of the tract of solitarius carry sensory fibers from the pharynx, larynx, and esophagus.
	www.utmb.edu /oto/Grand_Rounds_Earlier.dir/Vocal_Cord_Paralysis_1995.txt (3610 words)

	Role of Nucleus Tractus Solitarius 5-HT3 Receptors in the Defense Reaction-Induced Inhibition of the Aortic Baroreflex ...
		Role of Nucleus Tractus Solitarius 5-HT3 Receptors in the Defense Reaction-Induced Inhibition of the Aortic Baroreflex in Rats -- Sévoz-Couche et al.
		Somatic nociception activates NK1 receptors in the nucleus tractus solitarii to attenuate the baroreceptor cardiac reflex.
		Descending projections of the posterior nucleus of the hypothalamus: phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin analysis in the rat.
	jn.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/90/4/2521 (6179 words)

	Plasticity in Respiratory Motor Control: Selected Contribution: Neuroplasticity in nucleus tractus solitarius neurons ...
		to the obex and medial to the tractus solitarius.
		Evidence that substance P is a neurotransmitter of baro- and chemoreceptor afferents in nucleus tractus solitarius.
		Capsaicin and potassium evoked substance P release from the nucleus tractus solitarius and spinal trigeminal nucleus in vitro.
	jap.physiology.org /cgi/content/full/94/2/819 (6160 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Axons of neurons in the caudal spinal nucleus V cross the midline and ascend as the trigeminothalamic tract (T.T.T.) to reach the ventral posteromedial nucleus (V.P.M.) of the thalamus.
		Cells in caudal nucleus solitarius project to the dorsal motor nucleus X and other parts of the brainstem and spinal cord involved in visceral reflexes (lateral cell column in spinal cord).
		Axons arising from cells in the rostral nucleus solitarius comprise the solitariothalamic tract (S.T.T.).
	www.muhealth.org /~md2004/update3/brainstem.doc (4877 words)

	Cranial Nerves
		The central processes of the visceral sensory neurons pass from the inferior vagal ganglion through the jugular foramen and enter the medulla.
		These fibers descend in the tractus solitarius to synapse in the caudal nucleus solitarius.
		From the nucleus solitarius, bilateral projections to several areas in the reticular formation and hypothalamus allow reflex control of cardiovascular, respiratory, and gastrointestinal functions.
	info.med.yale.edu /caim/cnerves/cn10/cn10_19.html (96 words)

	Glossopharyngeal Nerve (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Nerve fibers from this nucleus join the other components of the ninth nerve during their exit from the brain stem.
		General sensory components from the skin of the external ear, inner surface of the tympanic membrane, posterior one-third of the tongue and the upper pharynx join either the superior or inferior glossopharyngeal ganglia.
		The central process extend from the ganglion and enter the brain stem to terminate in the nucleus solitarius.
	www.meddean.luc.edu /lumen/meded/grossanatomy/h_n/cn/cn1/cn9.htm (411 words)

	Mental and Emotional Health: CCK receptors and their distribution
		High concentrations of the CCK receptors are found in the cerebral cortex, limbic system, nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle and basal ganglia.
		This type of receptors was also found in the brain in a surprisingly wide range of regions, specifically in the interpeduncular nucleus, area postrema and the nucleus tractus solitarius (Moran et al., 1986, Hill et al., 1987 a, b, 1988 a, b, 1990, Hill and Woodruff, 1990).
		The CCKB receptors were also found in nucleus tractus solitarius of the rat, area that receives and integrates information regarding peripheral neurovegetative function, sensory input as well as related central signals (Harro et al., 1993).
	www.queendom.com /articles/mentalhealth/pd_cckrc.html (685 words)

	Text for Medulla Sections (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Therefore, the major burden in learning the cranial nerves is to their various components and to be able to identify the appropriate nuclei in the brainstem.
		Find the arcuate nucleus and the nucleus solitarius (to what cranial nerves do these structures belong).
		Note that on one side you can see a piece of the X cranial nerve, the tractus solitarius and its associated nucleus, the medial vestibular nucleus, the inferior vestibular nucleus, and faintly visible is the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus, one can also see quite clearly the medial lemniscus.
	www.nd.edu /~rkingsle/brainatlas/classwebatlas/medulla/medulla_text/medulla_text.html (896 words)

	Neuroanatomy_exam_I
		The 3 nuclei of the vagus nerve are the nucleus solitarius, nucleus ambiguus and
		The 3 nuclei of the glossopharyngeal nerve are the nucleus ambiguus, superior
		The mesencephalic nucleus, spinal nucleus, motor nucleus and chief sensory nucleus are
	www.mc.edu /campus/users/sbaldwin/Neuroanatomy_exam_I.html (1608 words)

	[No title]
		This nucleus would be larger in non-primate mammals as compared to humans, as more of their movements are mediated via non-corticospinal tracts.
		This nucleus is the sole source of the vestibulospinal tract, synapsing on anterior horn cells to mediate trunk and limb reflexes.
		Ultimately the projections from this region reach the red nucleus and either the thalamus or the spine (rubrospinal), though the projections to the thalamus are located in different areas that the similar dentatorubrothalamic pathway described earlier.
	mcb.berkeley.edu /courses/mcb163/labs/2005/2005-wk8.doc (1656 words)

	Cranial Nerve Nuclei
		These fibers project medially and loop around the rostral 2/3 of the abducens nucleus before turning ventro-laterally to join the facial nerve (this particular path is consequential to the embryological origin of the branchiomeric facial nucleus, as illustrated above).
		Each facial nucleus controls a complete half of the face and receives cortico-bulbar projections for voluntary control (more on the facial nucleus in the Motor System section).
		It is also interesting to note that the nucleus solitarius collaborates with the reticular formation and is the major sensory component of the medullary respiratory center and of the ill-defined cardiovascular center.
	sprojects.mmi.mcgill.ca /cns/histo/systems/cranialnerves/main.htm (1334 words)

	Anatomy Atlases: Atlas of Microscopic Anatomy: Section 1 - Cells
		Fibers project onto neurons in the nucleus solitarius located in close proximity to the tract.
		Nucleus solitarius: Located in close proximity to the tractus solitarius, from which it receives fibers.
		Nucleus of spinal tract of trigeminal (CN V) nerve: Receives exteroceptive fibers from the ipsilateral side of the face via the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve.
	www.anatomyatlases.org /MicroscopicAnatomy/Section17/Plate17331.shtml (636 words)

	[No title]
		Dorsal Medulla: The Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (NTS) and the surrounding reticular formation The NTS is a cluster of cell nuclei (‘grey matter’).
		The Ventral Medulla: The Nucleus Ambiguus (NA) and the surrounding reticular formation The NA is the primary motor nucleus of the glossopharyngeal, vagus and spinal accessory cranial nerves.
		Insular cortex has connections with the: primary and supplementary motor cortices thalamic nuclei and reciprocal connection to the Nucleus Tractus Thus, lesions to the AI may reduces the magnitude of sensory input, thus increasing the swallowing threshold and delaying the elicitation of the pharyngeal swallow.
	www.spth.canterbury.ac.nz /people/huckabee/lectureone.doc (4561 words)

	ICP monitors
		SVE fibers arise from the facial motor nucleus in caudal pons (ventrolateral tegmentum, dorsal to the superior olivary nucleus, medial to the spinal nucleus of V).
		The reflex involves three or four neurons: i) primary auditory neurons, ii) processes of cells in the ventral cochlear nucleus (or trapezoid body), iii) neurons in the ipsilateral and contralateral medial superior olivary nucleus which project to, finally, iv) facial motor neurons that innervate the stapedius.
		Fibers from this nucleus pass peripherally as a component of the nervus intermedius but divide into two compoents: i) fibers that pass via the greater superficial petrosal nerve, and ii) fibers that accompany the chorda tympani and lingual nerves to the submandibular ganglia.
	www.ucsf.edu /nreview/02.2-Anatomy-CranialNerves/CN07-facial.html (1610 words)

	BNSmith Lab
		Derbenev, A.V., Stuart, T.C., and Smith, B.N. (2004) Cannabinoids suppress synaptic input to neurones of the rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve.
		Glatzer, N.R. and Smith, B.N. (2005) Modulation of synaptic transmission in the rat nucleus of the solitary tract by endomorphin-1.
		Williams, K.W. and Smith, B.N. (2006) Rapid inhibition of neural excitability in the nucleus tractus solitarii by leptin: implications for ingestive behaviour.
	www.tulane.edu /~bnsmith (917 words)

	Center for Neuroscience Faculty List, UC Davis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Substance P presynaptically depresses transmission of sensory input to bronchopulmonary neurons in nucleus tractus solitarius.
		Post-exercise hypertension in conscious SHR is attenuated by blockade of substance P receptors in nucleus tractus solitarius.
		Synaptic transmission in nucleus tractus solitarius is depressed by Group II and III but not Group I presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors in rats.
	sandtiger.dbs.ucdavis.edu /FacultyProfiles/Centers/CenterForNeuroscience/DisplayFacultyProfile.cfm?ResearcherID=1003 (1390 words)

	Acute Central Ghrelin and GH Secretagogues Induce Feeding and Activate Brain Appetite Centers -- Lawrence et al. 143 ...
		nucleus was mostly in the medial regions and was relatively
		Significant increases in the number of c-Fos-positive neurons were seen in the arcuate nucleus (A and E), paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (B and F), dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus (C and G), and area postrema and nucleus tractus solitarius of the brainstem (D and H).
		We hypothesize that NPY neurons of the arcuate nucleus are a
	endo.endojournals.org /cgi/content/full/143/1/155 (5653 words)

	Proopiomelanocortin Neurons in Nucleus Tractus Solitarius Are Activated by Visceral Afferents: Regulation by ...
		Kotz CM, Billington CJ, Levine AS (1997) Opioids in the nucleus of the solitary tract are involved in feeding in the rat.
		Divergent Regulation of Proopiomelanocortin Neurons by Leptin in the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract and in the Arcuate Hypothalamic Nucleus
		Cholecystokinin Octapeptide Increases Spontaneous Glutamatergic Synaptic Transmission to Neurons of the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius Centralis
	www.jneurosci.org /cgi/content/full/25/14/3578 (5082 words)

	T.R. Scott Publications
		Giza, B.K. and Scott, T.R. (1991) The effect of amiloride on taste-evoked activity in the nucleus tractus solitarius of the rat.
		Giza, B.K., Scott, T.R. and VanderWeele, D.A. (1992) Administration of satiety factors and gustatory responsiveness in the nucleus tractus solitarius of the rat.
		Giza, B.K., McCaughey, S.A., Zhang, L., and Scott, T.R. (1996) Taste responses in the nucleus of the solitary tract of saccharin-preferring and water-preferring rats.
	www.sci.sdsu.edu /trscott/pubs.html (2299 words)

	University of Michigan School of Dentistry Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences
		Electrophysiological and morphological properties of neurons acutely isolated from the rostral gustatory zone of the rat nucleus of the solitary tract.
		Neurotransmitter and neuromodulatory activity in the gustatory zone of the nucleus tractus solitarius.
		Whole-cell analysis of ionic currents underlying the firing pattern of neurons in the gustatory zone of the nucleus tractus solitarii.
	www.dent.umich.edu /depts/bms/research/bradleylab/publications.html (202 words)

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