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Topic: Nudibranch

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	Nudibranch -- Pictures, Animal Facts, Habitats, Video, Sound, Wallpaper -- National Geographic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Nudibranchs derive their coloring from the food they eat, which helps in camouflage, and some even retain the foul-tasting poisons of their prey and secrete them as a defense against predators.
		Nudibranchs are simultaneous hermaphrodites, and can mate with any other mature member of their species.
		Some nudibranchs are solar-powered, storing algae in their outer tissues and living off the sugars produced by the algae’s photosynthesis.
	www3.nationalgeographic.com /animals/invertebrates/nudibranch.html (410 words)

	Naked ...Gills on Snails by Ronald L. Shimek, Ph.D. - Reefkeeping.com
		Nudibranch means "naked gills" and this month I thought I would briefly review these gorgeous and wonderful animals; animals that, almost without exception, have no place in aquaria, but which find their way there anyway.
		Nudibranchs, fortunately, are grouped together in what taxonomists call, the "Order Nudibranchia." Among some other things, this means that all of them have some characteristics in common that will help in the determination of whether or not a newly found slug becomes a pest or a pet.
		The system of dorid nudibranchs and their prey forms an interesting "double warning system." Sponges, tunicates, and bryozoans, the foods of dorid nudibranchs, are also often quite toxic, and brightly colored, providing a signal to fend off their own visually oriented predators.
	www.reefkeeping.com /issues/2002-09/rs/index.php (4114 words)

	Nudibranchs by Gary Cobb and David Mullins - Sunshine Coast Queensland Australia
		The average nudibranch is between 3mm to 300mm in length.
		In subsequent encounters the nudibranch’s bold color pattern serves to remind the fish of its inedible qualities and it is ignored.
		Those nudibranchs that feed on slow-growning organisms that are common and "predictably present" live for about a year (e.g., those that feed on sponges, sea anemones, gorgonians, sea pens and some bryozoans).
	www.nudibranch.com.au /info.htm (1975 words)

	TheSea.Org:: Pests - Nudibranch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Nudibranches are not a good showpiece for your display and more common than not they come in unwanted.
		John Susbilla whom submitted this photo stated that this particular nudibranch in his aquarium had been spotted in two different colors which blended in with his polyp populous.
		Another Nudibranch that could not only reek havoc but wipe out an entire SPS tank, is the Aeolid.
	www.thesea.org /reef_aquarium/pests/pests_nudibranch.php (514 words)

	nudibranch - HighBeam Encyclopedia
		Adaptable defense: a nudibranch mucus inhibits nematocyst discharge and changes with prey type.
		Food detection and preferences of the nudibranch mollusc Hermissenda crassicornis: experiments in a Y-maze.
		Response in nematocyst uptake by the nudibranch Flabellina verrucosa to the presence of various predators in the Southern Gulf of Maine.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-X-nudibran.html (244 words)

	Biol. Bull., December 1990. Laboratory Culture of the Aeolid Nudibranch Berghia verrucicornis (Mollusca, ...
		The nudibranchs are relatively difficult to spot on the darkly colored coral rocks because the dorsally positioned cerata appear brown when the animal has been feeding.
		The nudibranchs simply "rediscovered" the same anemones in the small container and began feeding as their maternally derived yolk reserves were depleted.
		Planktotrophy by the lecithotrophic larvae of a nudibranch Phestilla sibogae (Gastropoda).
	www.breedersregistry.org /Reprints/biolbull/v179/berghia_bb.htm (6080 words)

	Nudibranchs - You Are What You Eat
		But the little creatures called nudibranchs seem to have taken the expression seriously.
		When a nudibranch eats a poisonous sponge or a mouthful of sea anemone stingers, something quite like this does happen.
		Without the protection of a shell, a nudibranch may look like a slowly moving meal to a faster animal.
	aquarium.ucsd.edu /learning/learning_res/voyager/nudibranch (167 words)

	Nudibranch, Notodoris minor : Reunion island (Indian Ocean)
		This nudibranch has a yellow background colour, with a pattern of diagonal and transverse fl lines arranged in a network over the entire body.
		The alternative is that the spicules are eaten in conjunction with the sponge tissue and then passed out in the faeces, but the way the spicules are usually piled up suggests this is not the case.
		The yellow eggs of this nudibranch are laid near the sponge that the adult feeds on, but this is not to provide food for the young.
	vieoceane.free.fr /runseaslug/a_noto_minor.htm (441 words)

	Beautiful, but Unwelcome; Aeolid Nudibranchs in the Reef Aquarium by Ronald L. Shimek, Ph.D. - Reefkeeping.com
		Given that all nudibranchs do this, and given that they all do it in the same manner at the same time in their lives, it is likely that such a property was inherited from a common ancestor.
		While the most colorful nudibranchs are those in the suborder Doridacea, which eat toxic sponges and bryozoans and use striking colors and color patterns as warning signals, many nudibranchs, particularly the larger ones in the suborder Aeolidacea are also considered to be very beautiful.
		All nudibranchs have a pair of sensory tentacles that arise from the region of the body that would be the top of the head, if they had a distinct head, which they don't.
	www.reefkeeping.com /issues/2005-05/rs/index.php (4531 words)

	Nudibranch gallery
		Some nudibranchs have numerous body projections (called "cerata") increasing the overall body surface and enhancing breathing.
		Nudibranchs carry a pair of horn-like cephalic tentacles or "rhinophores" at the front, that are used primarily as chemosensory organs (sensing chemicals).
		Nudibranchs cannot be taken away or preserved - they loose their shape and colors.
	www.sergeyphoto.com /underwater/nudibranchs.html (415 words)

	Aquarium Invertebrates (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Phyllodesmium is a common nudibranch predator on a variety of soft corals, and often mimic their preferred prey.
		After the nudibranchs starve to death, the pests are again able to grow unchecked and the plague continues.
		There are three major groups of dorid nudibranchs (based on their morphology) and two of these groups are primarily sponge predators, while the third group feeds primarily on bryozoans and tunicates (Brusca and Brucsa 1990; Ruppert and Barnes 1994).
	www.advancedaquarist.com /issues/dec2004/invert.htm (4027 words)

	Adaptable Defense: A Nudibranch Mucus Inhibits Nematocyst Discharge and Changes With Prey Type -- Greenwood et al. 206 ...
		that mucus from the aeolid nudibranch Aeolidia papillosa caused
		the mucus of the nudibranch inhibited nematocyst discharge from
		Russell, H. Observations on the feeding of Aeolidia papillosa L., with notes on the hatching of the veligers of Cuthona amoena A. and H. Nautilus 55: 80–82.
	www.biolbull.org /cgi/content/full/206/2/113 (3956 words)

	Ingvald Arne Meland Photography
		Nudibranchs (Flabellina verrucosa) feeding on Oaten Pipe Hydroid (Tubularia indivisa).
		Nudibranchs (Limacia clavigera) on lacy crust bryozoan (Membranipora membranacea)
		Nudibranch (Onchidoris muricata) feeding on lacy crust bryozoan (Membranipora membranacea)
	www.bgnett.no /~ingvaldm/gallery/nudibranch.html (120 words)

	Nudibranch, Coryphelia browni, Isle of Man
		Nudibranch Coryphella browni taken on Chicken Rock, Isle of Man.
		The nudibranch, or sea slug, is one of my favourite animals to spot underwater.
		The nudibranch passes the intact cells through its digestive tract and out to the cerata tips.
	www.scubatravel.co.uk /nudibranch2.html (260 words)

	Nudibranch Text Page
		he name "nudibranch" means naked gills and the tail end of most sport a tuft of feathery objects that are the exposed gills that allow oxygen exchange.
		In shedding the shell during the evolutionary process, the nudibranch has derived the benefits of being able to slip into the small spaces throughout the reef without the impediment of pulling a shell along.
		A Nudibranch who is in the mood for love can be seen with the upper body raised, searching for other like minded nudibranchs.
	www.cybereef.com /seaslugs/Pages/seaslug_text.htm (526 words)

	Monterey Bay Aquarium: Online Field Guide - Opalescent nudibranch
		Opalescent nudibranchs are one of the prettiest and most colorful species of nudibranchs.
		These nematocysts don’t harm the nudibranch; in fact, the animal transfers some of its prey’s unfired nematocysts to the tips of its own cerrata, where they become part of the nudibranch's defense system.
		Nudibranchs are often found on rocky shores, where pollution can be heaviest.
	www.mbayaq.org /efc/living_species/print.asp?inhab=513 (271 words)

	BERGHIA VERRUCICORNIS, A NUDIBRANCH PREDATOR OF THE AQUARIUM "WEED" ANEMONE AIPTASIA
		BERGHIA VERRUCICORNIS, A NUDIBRANCH PREDATOR OF THE AQUARIUM "WEED" ANEMONE AIPTASIA
		This nudibranch species is found on shallow reef flats in the Caribbean where Aiptasia pallida commonly occurs.
		Second, this nudibranch species life history includes a non-feeding larval stage that will settle and metamorphose in the aquarium environment a few days after hatching.
	www.breedersregistry.org /Reprints/azaa/1996/berghia_azaa.htm (1995 words)

	Nudibranch
		Some nudibranchs are yellow, some are orange and some are yellow with dark brown blotches.
		Spotted nudibranchs and clown nudibranchs grow up to eight centimeters long, but the sea lemon can, very rarely, grow up to twenty inches long.
		Nudibranchs live in the low tide and are shell-less mollusks.
	library.thinkquest.org /J001418/nudi.html (144 words)

	Nudibranchs of the Sunshine Coast Australia - Gary Cobb and David Mullins
		This book also provides information on many species of nudibranchs that are yet to be described (undescribed species) as well as several new discoveries of the species occurring in Qld waters and some new discoveries for Australia.
		There is also a quick reference colour guide that illustrates thumbnails of the nudibranchs in the book to assist in looking for different species.
		I consider this book to be an excellent investment for anyone interested in nudibranchs or for those that want a great marine book for their reference library.
	www.nudibranch.com.au (676 words)

	Nudibranch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The nudibranch is often called a seaslug; however, that name implies it is ugly.
		Many nudibranchs are considered to be among the most beautiful of marine animals.
		Those nudibranchs that eat anemones or jelly fish are not affected by the stinging cells.
	library.thinkquest.org /J002608/Nudibranch.html (148 words)

	www.diveoz.com.au - Nudibranch Gallery
		Nudibranchs are amazing looking, and some of the most colourful creatures in the ocean and make ideal subjects for Underwater Photographers.
		We are always looking for images of Nudibranchs that we don't already have online, if you are a photographer and would like to submit an image, or even better, a number of images, then we would love to receive them.
		Even if you do not know what nudibranchs the images are of, we will try to identify them for you.
	www.diveoz.com.au /nudibranchs/gallery/default.asp (237 words)

	Voyager - Nudibranchs
		A yellow nudibranch munching on a yellow sponge or an orange-tipped nudibranch crawling slowly across orange coral is hard to see.
		Some nudibranchs actually take in and store some of the coloring substances from the food they eat.
		If a certain nudibranch eats a red sponge, it can store some of the sponge's red pigment in its body, and turn red too.
	aquarium.ucsd.edu /learning/learning_res/voyager/nudibranch/nudi3.html (133 words)

	Nudibranch - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The name is appropriate since the dorids (infraclass Anthobranchia) breathe through a branchial plume of bushy extremities on their back, rather than using gills.
		By contrast, on the back of the aeolids in infraclass Cladobranchia there are brightly colored sets of tentacles called cerata.
		Nudibranchs typically deposit their eggs within a gelatinous spiral.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Nudibranch (499 words)

	tecolahagos.com - ethiopian related issues and commentary
		The “Nudibranch” referred to in the title of this article is a naked sea slug (snail) often sublimely colorful with strange movements and habits, and has nothing to do with Bilharzias.
		However, in the case of the Nudibranch, being ingested by the Medusa is not the end of its life, for the Nudibranch is just starting its life cycle.
		All the time the Nudibranch is growing in size finally the medusa ends up being a small appendage near the mouth of the Nudibranch.
	www.tecolahagos.com /medusa.htm (9009 words)

	Half-size image of the fractal: Nudibranch - one of the sample fractals.
		The nudibranch had a thin, fin-like appendage protruding from its body that went completely around it – like the brim of a hat.
		The Nudibranch fractal is one of the Mandelbrot type or Type M example fractals.
		The Nudibranch fractal is a bump on a filament in the Mandelbrot fractal shown at a magnification of 30,000,000X.
	www.creativitysoftware.com /image-gallery/pages-hs/nudibranch.htm (354 words)

	Sea Slugs and Nudibranch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Far to often we walk into a fish shop and see a tank of wildly colored nudibranchs usualy listed as "Assorted Beautifull Slugs" but asked what species they are, you will most likely get a blank look or a flat out lie.
		This one was a great "hitch hiking" find for me within my system and is one of the few nudibranch that one could consider to be reef safe and able to survive our systems as long as any pump intakes are covered.
		A great little filter feeding Nudibranch also capable of consuming copepods if they happen to sweep them up during their travels.
	home2.pacific.net.ph /~sweetyummy42/seaslugs.html (278 words)

	Nudibranch Food
		More than 4,600 nudibranch papers were perused in an effort to find as much of the published food data as possible.
		If a nudibranch species or a prey species was cited under an older name in the original paper, the older name is listed in brackets.
		If we list a nudibranch species as being "on" a prey species, the nudibranch was not reported to eat the prey species, but was only found on, or in association with, the species.
	people.ucsc.edu /~mcduck/nudifood.htm (2280 words)

	Red Rockcod, Scorpaena cardinalis with the nudibranch, Ceratosoma sinuata
		The lower image shows a closer view of the nudibranch (not attached to the fish).
		The reason why the nudibranch has this association with the fishes is unknown.
		View an image of a different species of nudibranch on the head of a scorpionfish.
	www.amonline.net.au /fishes/fishfacts/fish/nudicod.htm (215 words)

	Philippine Nudibranch Madness - Woody Mayhew
		This selection of nudibranch images in the First Issue of the Nexus America Photo Gallery was taken with a Nexus F4 Pro Housing with a Nikon F4 camera with MB-20 Battery Pack, DA-20 Action Finder, and MF-23 Data Back using AF 105mm Micro Nkkor, and AF 70~180mm Micro Zoom Nikkor lenses.
		Anilao is often called the "Nudibranch Capital of the World".
		These images represent only a small percentage of the many species of nudibranchs observed on this trip.
	www.nexusamerica.com /UserGallery/phils/philsnudimadness.html (98 words)

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