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	Numerus Clausus
		Numerus Clausus, a Latin term meaning a restricted number, refers to the practice of setting a quota for the number of persons of some category--usually Jews--who will be admitted to an educational institution, most often a university.
		After World War I, the use of Numerus Clausus was formalized in Hungary, where the number of Jews who could be admitted to the universities was officially designated as no more than five percent of the total enrollment.
		It became a common practice at universities in other European countries as well; in Poland, the quota for Jewish admissions was ten percent.
	www.humboldt.edu /~rescuers/book/damski/dlinks/numclau.html (203 words)

	Numerus clausus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Numerus Clausus ("closed number" in Latin) is one of many methods used to limit the number of students who may study at a university.
		The numerus clausus is currently used in countries and universities where the number of applicants greatly exceeds the number of available places for students.
		The numerus clausus is currently used in Germany to address overcrowding - while the number of students has increased by 100% to two million since 1980, the number of professors has increased by only 25% in the same time period.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Numerus_clausus (2303 words)

	SingaporeMoms - Parenting Encyclopedia - Numerus clausus
		Numerus clausus is currently used in countries and universities where the amount of applicants greatly exceeds the number of available places for students.
		Numerus clausus is currently used in Germany to address overcrowding, as the number of students has doubled (to two million) since 1980, but the number of professors has only increased by a quarter in the same time period.
		However Numerus Clausus was introduced unofficially in the 1937 by the universities and the share of Jewish students was limited to 10%, that was more or less the proportion of Jews in the population of Poland (compared to 20%-40% before regulation).
	www.singaporemoms.com /parenting/Numerus_clausus (951 words)

	Palm Boulevard: Software: Standard Calculators: Numerus
		Learn how to turn wireless information access into a strategic IT initiative that delivers tangible ROI.
		Numerus is a standard four-function calculator that operates in Roman numerals.
		To receive notification of updates to this software - Click HERE!
	www.palmblvd.com /software/pc/Numerus-2001-10-11-palm-pc.html (136 words)

	A Revista Angolana de Educacao Medica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		We have noticed that there is some disagreement between Faculty approved Numerus Clausus and the actual number of new students admitted each year, mainly due to social and political pressure on Faculty Staff, without the corresponding support in required Human and Material resources.
		We conclude that further increase of Numerus Clausus is not feasible without an increase and amelioration of Human and Material resources for teaching Medicine.
		Faculty approved Numerus Clausus for 2004/05 is 100, while 115 new students were admitted in the same year.
	www.fmuan.ao /resumouum.html (301 words)

	Primero: A Renaissance Cardgame
		For example, a numerus point total could be as low as 20.
		Thus if the players are Alberto, Bernardo, Cinthio, and Domenico, and Bernardo bids "numerus 40 at 10 scudi", then Cinthio covers and bids "numerus 50 at 5 scudi", Domenico (if he wanted to bid or stake) would have to throw in only 5 scudi, not 15.
		Domenico realizes his point total is nearly the lowest possible one for a primero (which he suspects Bernardo has, even though he only bid a numerus), so he discards his two face cards (worth only 10 points apiece), and draws Qh and 3h.
	math.bu.edu /INDIVIDUAL/jeffs/primero.html (2342 words)

	Numeri Idonei
		Instead, they usually just say that Euler found 65 of them, the largest of which is 1848, and thirty-seven of them are square-free.
		This same type of behavior also applies to n=43, for which the uniquely representable numbers are all primes until reaching 143=11*13, and thereafter the non-prime powers are all products of two or more of 11, 13, 17, 23, 31,...
		Similar behavior is shown by n=19, although for n=11 (the smallest number that is NOT a "numerus idoneus") the pattern of unsuitable numbers seems to be somewhat scrambled.
	www.mathpages.com /home/kmath058.htm (555 words)

	Physics Today June 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Most telling was the Numerus Clausus Act of 1920, which severely restricted admittance of Jewish students to universities.
		Moreover, Jewish people already admitted to institutions of higher learning frequently were prevented by their right-extremist colleagues from attending classes, and sometimes were even physically assaulted.
		In 1920, the Numerus Clausus Act was passed, which limited the number of Jews who could attend higher education to their proportion of the population.
	www.physicstoday.org /pt/vol-55/iss-6/p13.html (440 words)

	Haus der Fünf Kontinente - Project of the University of Leipzig
		NCZ (Numerus Clausus Zentral oder zentraler Numerus Clausus) (degree courses with central Numerus Clausus).
		NCU (Numerus Clausus Universitätsintern oder örtlicher Numerus Clausus) (degree courses with university internal Numerus Clausus).
		You have to apply for both the NCZ courses (degree courses with central Numerus Clausus) and the NCU courses (degree courses with university internal Numerus Clausus) at the Arbeits- und "Servicestelle für internationale Studienbewerbungen" (uni-assist e.V.) (Application Services for International Students).
	www.uni-leipzig.de /~hfk/is/en/studium-faecher.html (307 words)

	Yale Law Journal \| Archive
		In all postfeudal legal systems, the basic ways of owning property are limited in number and standardized, in the sense that courts will enforce as property only interests that are built from a list of recognized forms.
		As it operates in practice, the numerus clausus strikes a rough balance between the costs of frustrating parties' objectives on the one hand and the costs of complicating third-party information-gathering on the other.
		Finally, this Article shows that, because it tends to preclude judicial innovation in the basic forms of property rights, the numerus clausus acts as an institutional-choice mechanism that channels to legislatures the power of innovation in the realm of property rights.
	www.yale.edu /yalelj/110/110-1ab.html (354 words)

	SSRN-Optimal Standardization in the Law of Property: The Numerus Clausus Principle by Thomas Merrill, Henry Smith
		In all post-feudal legal systems, the basic ways of owning property are limited in number and are standardized, in the sense that courts will enforce as property only interests that are built from a list of recognized forms.
		As it operates in practice, the numerus clausus strikes a rough balance between the costs of frustrating parties' objectives on the one hand and third-party information costs on the other.
		The Article demonstrates that this information-cost theory provides a better account for the numerus clausus than do alternative positive and normative views, including those based on the sufficiency of notice, network effects, private standards, anti-fragmentation concerns, and the increasing importance of contract-based rights.
	papers.ssrn.com /sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=250973 (456 words)

	Notitia
		Prefect of the numerus of Vigiles at Concangis [Chester-le-Street]
		Prefect of the numerus of directores at Verteris [Brough Castle]
		Prefect of the numerus of Aurelian Moors at Aballaba [Burgh-by-Sands]
	www.geocities.com /Athens/Ithaca/8049/notitia.html (547 words)

	Abstract: A NUMERUS QUASI-CLAUSUS OF PROPERTY RIGHTS AS A CONSTITUTIVE ELEMENT OF A FUTURE EUROPEAN PROPERTY ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		According to the numerus clausus doctrine, the number and content of real rights (rights against the world, distinguished from merely personal rights) is limited.
		As such, the numerus clausus doctrine is a characteristic of civil law systems, although it is not unknown in literature on the common law.
		The question is discussed whether harmonisation of property law in Europe is possible without finding a middle ground between the civil law, which considers the numerus clausus doctrine to be a fundamental part of its property law, and common law, where this doctrine as such is not applied.
	www.ejcl.org /72/abs72-2.html (203 words)

	HOLY BIBLE: Numbers Chapter 26
		These are the kindreds of the sons of Nephtali by their families: whose number was forty-five thousand four hundred.
		This is the number of the children of Israel, that were enrolled by Moses and Eleazar the priest, in the plains of Moab upon the Jordan, over against Jericho.
		Hic est numerus filiorum Israhel qui descripti sunt a Mosen et Eleazaro sacerdote in campestribus Moab supra Iordanem contra Hiericho
	www.newadvent.org /bible/num026.htm (2374 words)

	COMMENTARIA IN QUATUOR LIBROS SENTENTIARUM -- Lib. I, d. 24, a. 2, q. 1: S. BONAVENTURAE
		In divinis numerus dicitur, quidem positive, sed non est ibi simpliciter, sed numerus personarum.
		Nam numerus importat distinctionem et super hoc compositionem aggregationis; et quamvis in divinis non sit aggregatio, nihilominus est distinctio; et ideo numerus non est simpliciter removendus a divinis, sed numerus talis.
		For the reason for the first side procede from number according to that acceptation, by which it is taken in these inferiors as much as regards the aforesaid conditions.
	www.franciscan-archive.org /bonaventura/opera/bon01424.html (2988 words)

	learninginhand.com
		Numerus "cheats" with that assumption: Numerus remembers all numbers with internal numeric variables, all calculations are made with standard numbers, then converted to Roman numerals for displaying purposes only!
		To be very precise, you should add to the RomanNumerals.pdb eBook file that the Romans have never been very strict in the use of their numerals and that rules evolved over the centuries.
		As you could see, I chose the "number.M" notation which is one of the common ways of presenting these numbers in Numerus, because it was by far the easiest one to display on a computer screen.
	learninginhand.com /lessonplans/romannumerals.html (355 words)

	Primero, the Northpass Way
		Note that it is possible for a two-card Numerus to beat a three-card one (e.g.
		Both have a Numerus of sixteen (7+9 and 3+5+8), but Tom wins since his total hand has the higher value (25 to 23).
		Gretel's Numerus of 13 is about average for a first hand.
	www.ostgardr.org /games/richard.primero.html (1129 words)

	Crocus-Simplex Turbo Lanx
		Turbo Tutela of 2004 erama Numerus Quattuor turbo no landfall in Charlotte Duco, Florida per ventus of 150 mph.
		Turbo Dennis (pdf) of 2005 pulsatus Insula of Cuba ut a Numerus Quattuor turbo.
		In addition, Turbo Wilma (pdf) of 2005 eram a Numerus Quinque turbo procul promontorium intensity quod est validus Atlantic tropical cyclone in record per a minimum pressure of 882 mb.
	www.tranexp.com:2000 /Translate/index.shtml?from=eng&to=ltt&type=url&url=http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/aboutsshs.shtml (691 words)

	Law Web Saarbrücken > Link of the week
		The Numerus Clausus jurisdiction from the years 2001 and 2002 can be downloaded either in chronological or alphabetical order.
		Riehn, definitions of the Numerus Clausus, as well as information about the selection procedures (including random selection) used by several universities.
		Additionally, a PDF data file about the 'Selection and distribution limitations of the ZVS [central institution for the distribution of places in higher education] procedure in the summer semester 2002' is available to download.
	www.jura.uni-sb.de /juripro/link/output.php?link=228&id=2 (197 words)

	Tilburg University: Undergraduate admission FAQs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		What is a numerus clauses or numerus fixus?
		A numerus clauses means that you would need at least a certain average score for your secondary school diploma to be admitted to some programmes (e.g.
		A numerus fixus means that their are limited places available in a programme (so-called quota studies) and that a draw takes place.
	www.tilburguniversity.nl /prospectivestudents/degree/faq/undergraduate (609 words)

	Maastricht numerus clausus being copied (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The intake of first-year students in Groningen has doubled in the last three years and this is creating capacity problems.
		By introducing a numerus clausus next year, Groningen follows the example set by Universiteit Maastricht, which has already set a limit on the number of new students admitted to the International Business Administration programme this year.
		The exact number of first-year students that will be admitted in Groningen has not yet been decided, but the faculty board is thinking in terms of about 650.
	www.observant.unimaas.nl /jrg20/obs1/arte2.htm (218 words)

	[No title]
		Oo 3v -4v CA11+21.11 Numerus annorum collectorum; Medius cursus lunae in annis \ Arabum / collectis.
		Oo 3v -4v CA11+21.21 Numerus annorum collectorum; Pars sive argumentum lunae in annis collectis.
		Oo 29r JA21 Longitudo inter solem et lunam, Numerus; Aequatio diversi motus lunae in una hora.
	www.igl.ku.dk /fsp/tables/tt-extras/tt-inv.txt (10324 words)

	olshoppee007 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		et laudare te vult homo, aliqua portio creaturae tu circumferens mortalitem suam, circumferens testimonium pecc domine, et laudabilis valde: magna virtus tua, et sapientiae tuae est numerus.
		et laudare te vult homo, aliqua portio creaturae tu circumferens mortalitem suam, circumferens testimonium pecc domine, et laudabilis valde: magna virtus tua, et sapientiae tua e st numerus.
		et laudare te vult homo, aliqua portio creaturae tu circumferens mortalitem suam, circumferens estimonium pecc domine, et laudabilis valde: magna virtus tua, et sapientiae tuae est numerus.
	www.info10.info (325 words)

	aldweb Site
		Here is a link to a lesson I especially liked: Exploring Roman Numerals (thanks to Tony Vincent - Omaha, Nebraska).
		I have ported Numerus in different languages and development tools, that was a very good exercise for me in all these tools.
		So, the Numerus source code is open and free.
	www.aldweb.com /articles.php?lng=en&pg=18 (478 words)

	[No title]
		Uno modo sic: scribe numerum multiplicandum in duobus locis, quorum alterum divide per 4, et serva illud quod ex divisione exierit, quod est quarta numeri multiplicandi.
		-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- txt[Cb] pa[017] l[04] lem[remanserit (-int ed.) (A) numerus (om.ed.)] ms[H] f[4v] M/S[s] hd[1] (A) aliquis.
		Sed in annis aliarum sectarum addo numerum feriae, in qua inceperunt illi anni; qui quidem numerus hic ponitur in littera.
	www.igl.ku.dk /~fsp/tables/tt-extras/gl.txt (13659 words)

	Yale Law Journal \| T. Merrill et al., Optimal Standardization in the Law of Property: The Numerus Clausus ...
		Optimal Standardization in the Law of Property: The Numerus Clausus Principle
		The numerus clausus can be seen at work in a variety of areas, including estates in land, concurrent interests, nonpossessory interests, interests in personal property, and intellectual property.
		This Article demonstrates that this information-cost theory provides a better account for the numerus clausus than do alternative positive and normative views, including those based on network effects, sufficiency of notice, private standards, antifragmentation concerns, and the increasing importance of contract-based rights.
	www.yalelawjournal.org /archive_abstract.asp?id=341 (371 words)

	Numerus fixus (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The number of applicants for medicine exceeds the number of available places (numerus fixus).
		Once past the numerus fixus hurdle, the application goes on to a placement committee, which determines where the prospective student may study.
		The student may indicate a preference for a particular university, but the final decision will be made by the placement committee.
	www.umcn.nl /student/foreign_students/studying_in_the_netherlands/numerus_fixus (102 words)

	Yale University - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The university would later add the Yale School of Music (1894), the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies (1901), Yale School of Public Health (1915), and the Yale School of Nursing (1923), Yale School of Management (1976), and reorganize its relationship with the Sheffield Scientific School.
		Yale, like other Ivy League schools, instituted policies in the early twentieth century designed artificially to increase the proportion of upper-class white Christians of notable families in the student body (see Numerus clausus), and was one of the last of the Ivies to eliminate such preferences, beginning with the class of 1970.
		The President and Fellows of Yale College, also known as the Yale Corporation, is the governing board of the University.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Yale_University (6572 words)

	Numerus - Calculators, unit converters - Treo Downloads \| mytreo.net
		Numerus - Calculators, unit converters - Treo Downloads
		Numerus is a basic standard 4 function calculator...
		No editor review is currently available for this download.
	mytreo.net /downloads/details-526.html?Numerus (66 words)

	ROMAN IRREGULAR AUXILIARY UNITS IN BRITAIN
		Numerus Exploratorum Bremenio - The Company of Scouts from Bremenium
		Numerus Exploratorum Habitanco - The Company of Scouts from Habitancum
		Numerus superventientium Petueriensium - The Company of Newcomers from Petuaria
	www.roman-britain.org /military/british_irregulars.htm (324 words)

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