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	NUTCRACKER - LoveToKnow Article on NUTCRACKER
		Contrary to what was for many years believed, the nest of the Nutcracker seems to be invariably built on the bough of a tree, some 20 ft. from the ground, and is a comparatively large structure of sticks, lined with grass.
		The chief food of the Nutcracker appears to be the seeds of various conifers, which it extracts as it holds the cones in its foot, and it has been questioned whether the bird has the faculty of cracking nutsproperly so calledwith its bill, though that can be used with much force and, at least in.
		The old supposition that the Nutcrackers had any affinity to the Woodpeckers (Picidae) or were intermediate in position between them and the Crows (Corvidae) is now known to be wholly erroneous, for they undoubtedly belong to the latter family (see also Caow).
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /N/NU/NUTCRACKER.htm (314 words)

	Nutcracker -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A nutcracker is a device for cracking (A small (usually square or hexagonal) metal block with internal screw thread to be fitted onto a bolt) nuts.
		These nutcrackers are carvings of a person with a big mouth that is opened by pressing a (A rigid bar pivoted about a fulcrum) lever in the back of the (A small carved or molded figure) figurine.
		The carving of nutcrackers as well as religious figures and (Baby bed with high sides) cribs developed as a cottage industry in forested rural areas of (A republic in central Europe; split into East German and West Germany after World War II and reunited in 1990) Germany.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/N/Nu/Nutcracker.htm (354 words)

	PRE-ROOSTING FLIGHT OF THE CLARK'S NUTCRACKER
		A nutcracker is perched on a whitebark pine cone, harvesting seed.
		At the base of Mt. Dana, nutcrackers also perched in treetops and vocalized, although their activities were not as prolonged; birds left the Mt. Dana roosting area as early as 0615.
		Maximizing the numbers of nutcrack- ers roosting in a particular area may increase the probability that a bird of prey will be spotted and may decrease the probability that a particular individual will be selected as the prey.
	elibrary.unm.edu /sora/Auk/v095n03/p0554-p0562.html (7380 words)

	Nutcracker, Birds, Nutcracker, Bird Pictures, Catalog, Encyclopedia
		Nutcrackers often hide seeds and are also able to store some in their crops as well as in a special pouch under the tongue.
		The Eurasian nutcracker, Nucifraga caryocatactes, is brown with white spots and averages about 32 cm (13 in) in total length and 200 g (7 oz) in weight.
		The slightly smaller Clark's nutcracker, N. columbiana, of western North America, is light gray with a white face and white patches in its fl wings and tail.
	www.4to40.com /earth/geography/htm/birdsindex.asp?counter=63 (141 words)

	Clark's Nutcracker and Pine Forest Mutualism
		The mutual dependence between nutcrackers and pines is one of the important ecological relationships between birds and conifer forests that remains largely unnoticed by ornithologists, foresters, naturalists, biologists, botanists, and bird watchers (Lanner 1996).
		Clark's Nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana), first observed on 22 August 1805 by William Clark of the Lewis and Clark expedition, is one of three nutcracker species that occur worldwide, all in the northern hemisphere.
		In view of the importance of these birds to the long term survival of many pine species and forest ecosystems, and to the many other plant and animal species that ultimately depend on this mutualistic association, this is good news.
	www.wbu.com /chipperwoods/photos/clarks.htm (1082 words)

	Where'd I Put That?: Science News Online, Feb. 14, 2004 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The overwhelming logistical problems of observing the birds in the wild led Balda and his colleagues to begin to study caching in the laboratory in 1977.
		Moreover, the birds were able to find their treasures whether or not the researchers put landmarks such as cinder blocks, wall posters, and two-by-fours in the room.
		After the birds harvested that tray, they were given a chance to recover the first tray's caches in the period between the two apparent spoilage dates, these birds incorporated the new information and focused mostly on the less perishable nuts.
	www.sciencenews.org /20040214/bob8.asp (2452 words)

	birds template (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Magpie is a bird that belongs to the same family as crows, ravens, and jays.
		The Eurasian nutcracker feeds on the seeds of pine cones and hazelnuts.
		Raven is a type of large all-fl bird that belongs to the crow family.
	www.worldbook.com /features/birds/html/types_song_crow_memb.html (1145 words)

	Wild Bird Center - current News Letter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Birding glass may be shown in a handsome case, but must still be matched to a person's face.
		Studies have shown that nutcrackers and their young may still be digging up and eating stored seeds a year after burying them.
		The birds ride these warm air currents to their maximum, then glide off in the direction of their travel, using very little personal energy to travel quite a distance.
	www.wildbirdsac.com /newsletter/newsletter_sept.html (3632 words)

	Nutcracker (bird) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes) is a passerine bird slightly larger than the Eurasian Jay.
		Various insects are also taken, and also birds' eggs and nestlings, and it will take meat from trappers fur traps, including fish if that is used as bait.
		At this lie spoken by one of the meanest of God's creatures had turned him another word from this man was to restore him,--if only that other should be such question as to his mother's name and fame--as to.
	www.termsdefined.net /nu/nutcracker-(bird).html (695 words)

	Nutcracker
		The Story of the Nutcracker was written by E.T.A. Hoffmann of Koenigsberg, Prussia.
		The story of "The Nutcracker and the Mouseking" has been published in many book versions including cute charming children's versions.
		A Nutcracker as a wood carving of a soldier, knight, king or other profession has been known at least since the 15th century.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/th/The_Nutcracker.html (315 words)

	Nesting of the Clark Nutcracker in California
		The sitting bird would lean sideways when approached and open its bill, acting as though it would peck if disturbed, but neither of the birds ever actually pecked us, although with their sharp, long bills they could have put up a severe resistance (fig.
		These borers seemed to be located b the sense of hearing, as tile birds would cock their heads to one side and lien and then go to a rotting log and start digging, invariably securing something xvbich they took away with them as food.
		The birds were very much in evidence if one looked closely enough, but were sly and quiet and were attending strictly to the business at hand in an efficient manner.
	elibrary.unm.edu /sora/Condor/files/issues/v036n06/p0229-p0234.html (3899 words)

	tomback (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Investigations made use of stand-replacing fires to examine patterns of forest regeneration resulting from nutcracker seed dispersal, and other studies were based on allozyme analyses of tree growth forms and fitness comparisons among them.
		Tomback, D.F. Nutcracker and pines: coevolution or coadaptation, pp.
		Tomback, D.F. Dispersal of whitebark pine seeds by Clark’s Nutcracker: a mutualism hypothesis.
	carbon.cudenver.edu /public/biology/tomback.html (746 words)

	* Nutcracker - (Bird): Definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Clark's Nutcrackers are normally birds of high elevation forests in the West.
		Nutcrackers and jays tend to store acorns, nuts, seeds, pine cones, and other items in the soil or under loose litter, as well as in elevated niches and cracks...
		Yesterday afternoon I saw a bird in our yard that looked very much like a Clark's Nutcracker, it was definetly the same size and coloring, but according to the quide it's habitat is way west of us...
	www.mimihu.com /bird/nutcracker.html (153 words)

	Creative Animal Intelligence, Bird Creativity, pet birds toys
		Though a lot of information has been gleaned about the breeding habits, song and other behaviour of birds, there is still a significant degree of lacuane when it comes to understanding intelligence and communication in birds.
		The next time, your bird does his or her exasperating little act of screeching around, biting people's toes, saying boo to the kids, flapping and frightening strangers, just learn to be calm and restrained.
		If you give your bird games to play which have a lot of netting or threads, there is a likelihood that the nets can entangle the wings, feathers, claws or neck.
	www.petspourri.com /trends11.htm (2105 words)

	Foraging and Spatial Behavior
		In the late summer the nutcracker harvests the seed of piñon pines.
		Among the well-known instances are the ability of many birds to learn their species' songs, the ability of rats and other animals to remember spatial locations, the ability of bees to remember the location of flowers and the ability of many animals to avoid noxious food.
		If food-storing birds really do remember large numbers of storage sites over long periods, their memory could be another example of an adaptive specialization, one that would enable the birds to recover their stores efficiently.
	www.pigeon.psy.tufts.edu /psych26/forage.htm (598 words)

	Nutcracker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The carving of nutcrackers as well as religious figures and cribs developed as a cottageindustry in forested rural areas of Germany.
		The most famous nutcracker carvings comefrom Sonneberg, Thuringia, also a center of doll making, and from the Ore Mountains.
		Nutcrackers have become popular in the United States as well and arecreated "Bavarian village" of Leavenworth,Washington even features a Nutcracker Museum.
	www.therfcc.org /nutcracker-180401.html (248 words)

	Bird Traps: Pets and Animal Resources (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Birds are listed alphabetically 1478 - De Avibus by Albertus Magnus is printed, which mentions many bird names for the first time 1485 - First dated...
		See live article Bird ringing Bird ringing (also known as '''bird banding) is the practice of identifying wild birds, by attaching a small metal or plastic ring...
		Nutcracker or Spotted Nutcracker (Nucifraga caryocatactes) is a passerine bird slightly larger than the Eurasian Jay.
	www.dnxtrans.com /pets/Bird+Traps (879 words)

	Teacher's Guide - Natural Tools
		Since birds consume great amounts of food, they have a crop (sac) which stores food until it is transferred to the gizzard.
		Birds have a high metabolic rate and, to survive, must eat large quantities of food frequently.
		Include in the discussion the fact that different species of birds require specific food types and that they do not change their feeding habits because the preferred food is not available.
	www.inhs.uiuc.edu /chf/pub/virtualbird/teacher/lespl4.html (764 words)

	Clark's Nutcracker (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Clark's Nutcracker: Medium-sized, noisy and inquisitive jay with pale gray upperparts and underparts.
		Clark's Nutcracker: This bird is resident in southern British Columbia and Alberta south throughout the pine-clad western mountains to California and Colorado.
		Clark's Nutcracker: Two to six spotted green eggs are laid in a deep bowl nest of sticks in a coniferous tree.
	identify.whatbird.com /obj/83/_/Clarks_Nutcracker.aspx (620 words)

	Ballet San Jose Silicon Valley (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Children's Series version of "The Nutcracker" (Sunday, December 14th at 1:30pm) will be performed by the professional company of Ballet San Jose Silicon Valley dancers with full sets, costumes, and orchestra.
		Drosselmeyer tells Maria and all the guests that the nutcracker is really an enchanted prince.
		The Nutcracker Prince is now taller than she, and he is fighting with an enormous Mouse King.
	www.balletsanjose.org /pressreleases/childrenperf.html (810 words)

	BirdForum - What bird of prey is this? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Just wondering what type of bird this is? It killed a fl ringed neck dove bigger than itselfs and was eating it in my garden, didnt seem scared we was standing like 2feet away from it, it just kept on eating untill it had finished then flew off click here for a pic
		I do wonder if it might be a falconer's bird that escaped or one that has been in care at some stage and become used to people, Sparrowhawks wouldn't normally be anything like that tame.
		They usually only hunt birds, it is very rare for them to go for small mammals (there was a recent post about one taking a rat, which is unusual).
	www.birdforum.net /showthread.php?t=30451 (1306 words)

	Nutcracker
		This page refers to the tool for cracking nuts.
		It is a carving of a person with a big mouth that is opened by pressing a lever in the back of the figurine.
		The nutcracker works on the principle of moments and is derived from Archimedes' discovery of the operating principle of the lever, see Moment (physics).
	pedia.newsfilter.co.uk /wikipedia/n/nu/nutcracker.html (253 words)

	Kaytee » Kids' Zone » Activity Time » Printable Activities
		Look in a bird identification book to find a bird that feeds on water animals and plants, nectar, worms and nuts or seeds.
		Hang from a branch outside your window and watch for new bird friends to frequent your yard.
		Hang on a tree branch and watch the woodpeckers and other birds enjoy this treat.
	www.kaytee.com /kids_zone/activity_time/printable_activities (572 words)

	FreeLists / tn-bird / [tn-bird] CLARK'S NUTCRACKER...near Anniston Alabama...Still there sunday
		Just A quick note to let everyone know that the Nutcracker was still in about the same place on Sunday morning when Howard Horne and I observed the bird for approximately 1/2 hour between 8:00 and 9:00 AM.
		This is the location the nutcracker seems to favor and has repeatedly returned to.
		The bird sometimes sits quietly in nearby trees and blends in well when not moving.
	www.freelists.org /archives/tn-bird/04-2002/msg00291.html (493 words)

	For Better or Worse
		Clark's nutcracker is a similarly hardy creature; with luck it may reach the hoary old age of twelve years or more.
		So the nutcracker is equipped with a bill like a crowbar, to pry them from the cones.
		In a pouch in its throat, the bird can carry up to several dozen seeds to bury in the ground for a later appetite--a whitebark seedbank; a nutcracker foodbank.
	www.lewis-clark.org /journal_aug22-1805_more.htm (531 words)

	Western Pine Species Loses Ground to Neglect (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The fire-tolerant pine produces an abundance of nuts, which are eaten and stashed by Clark's nutcrackers.
		Nutcrackers bury caches of nuts in loose soil on the mountainside.
		With fewer seeds available, the nutcrackers eat more of what they harvest, reducing the potential for seed germination.
	home.earthlink.net /~mjohnsen/Environment/western_pine.html (820 words)

	Clark's Nutcracker
		I saw to day [a] Bird of the woodpecker kind which fed on Pine burs it's Bill and tale white the wings fl every other part...
		the beak of this bird is 1-1/2 inches long, is proportionably large, fl and of the form which characterizes this genus.
		This bird feeds on the seed of the pine and also on insects.
	www.lewis-clark.org /journal_aug22-1805.htm (493 words)

	FreeLists / tn-bird / [tn-bird] CLARK'S NUTCRACKER...near Anniston Alabama
		CLARK'S NUTCRACKER was relocated Friday evening around 3 pm in Mt.
		Friday, the nutcracker was just past this tower and about 0.1 mile past pavillion #1 on the left side of the road near a red garbage can.
		The nutcracker flew from tree to ground several times in the area and was closely observed.
	www.freelists.org /archives/tn-bird/04-2002/msg00271.html (279 words)

	BirdForum - Mexico Bird (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This bird was photographed in early August on the CIMMYT campus just a bit north of Mexico City, Mexico (I think it's closest to Texcoco, actually).
		I saw the bird near the apartments and dorms, but the surrounding area was mostly fields of maize and wheat.
		On one hand, I obviously saw the bird if I photographed it, but on the other hand I don't know if I want to count a lifer based on this photo, especially since about 4 months have elapsed and I only have faint memories of even taking the photo....
	www.birdforum.net /showthread.php?t=27537 (677 words)

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