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Topic: Nyiragongo Volcano

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Stratovolcano

Great Rift Valley

	Mount Nyiragongo - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Nyiragongo and nearby Nyamuragira are together responsible for 40% of Africa's historical volcanic eruptions.
		Volcanism at Nyiragongo is caused by the rifting of the Earth's crust where two parts of the African Plate are breaking apart.
		Lava lakes reformed in the crater in eruptions in 1982-1983 and 1994.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mount_Nyiragongo (717 words)

	Nyiragongo, Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaire)
		Nyiragongo is associated with the East African Rift and is part of the Virunga Volcanic Chain.
		The town of Goma is 11 miles (18 km) south of the summit of Nyiragongo and on the shore of Lake Kivu.
		From June 1982 to early 1982 the volcano was active with a lava lake in the crater and phreatic explosions and lava fountaining.
	volcano.und.nodak.edu /vwdocs/volc_images/africa/nyiragongo.html (1124 words)

	Shuttle Radar Topography Mission
		The Nyiragongo volcano in the Congo erupted on January 17, 2002, and subsequently sent streams of lava into the city of Goma on the north shore of Lake Kivu.
		Nyiragongo is the steep volcano on the right, Lake Kivu is in the foreground, and the city of Goma has a light pink speckled appearance along the shoreline.
		Nyiragongo is the steep volcano to the lower right of center, Lake Kivu is at the bottom, and the city of Goma is located along the northeast shore (bottom center).
	www2.jpl.nasa.gov /srtm/congo.html (2462 words)

	CNN.com - Congo volcano devastation mounts - January 18, 2002
		Hundreds of U.N. workers were also forced to flee in the 24 hours since waves of lava began forking from Mount Nyiragongo volcano through villages on its slopes, down through Goma itself and on to Lake Kivu on the Rwandan border.
		The Nyiragongo volcano is one of eight on the borders of Rwanda, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda.
		Nyiragongo was last active in 1994, when a lava lake in its crater reappeared, casting an orange light onto clouds at night.
	archives.cnn.com /2002/WORLD/africa/01/18/drcongo.volcano (827 words)

	[No title]
		The volcano is quiet." Although no new lava flows were threatening the city, some scientists feared that lava entering the lake or seismic activity could perturb the lake sufficiently to release significant amounts of carbon dioxide and methane gas lying at the bottom of the lake.
		During a visit to the volcano during 6 and 7 May scientists saw that the lava pool in the crater was very active, with violent gas outbursts, projection of spatter and surges, and lava splashing the walls of the pit.
		The Toulouse VAAC reported that satellite imagery showed a weak eruption of Nyiragongo on 21 May. Activity intensified during the evening of 24 May. By the evening of 25 May, the volcano was no longer visible on satellite imagery due to meteorological clouds in the area.
	www.volcano.si.edu /reports/usgs/archive.cfm?volcano=nyiragon (3639 words)

	EO Natural Hazards: Nyiragongo Volcano Erupts in the Congo
		Mount Nyiragongo, located in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, erupted today (January 17, 2002), ejecting a large cloud of smoke and ash high into the sky and spewing lava down three sides of the volcano.
		Mount Nyiragongo is located roughly 10 km (6 miles) north of the town of Goma, near the Congo?s border with Rwanda.
		Nyiragongo eruptions are extremely hazardous because the lava tends to be very fluid and travels down the slopes of the volcano quickly.
	earthobservatory.nasa.gov /NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=1608 (310 words)

	Generic Template
		The volcano was erupting all the time what can be best described as Strombolian activity - magma was ejected by gases in discrete bursts resulting in showers of lava fragments up to 25 cm in size normally 3 to 20 metres high collecting on the flanks of the cone.
		Africa's most active volcano, Nyamuragira is a massive basaltic shield volcano N of Lake Kivu and NW of Nyiragongo volcano.
		Residents near the volcano noticed an increase in plume height, a change in plume color from white to fl, and a sustained rain of ash and Pele's hair.
	www.volcano.20m.com (2169 words)

	The Nyiragongo Volcano Disaster 2002
		Nyiragongo volcano in eastern Congo erupted Thursday, sending out plumes of ash and three rivers of lava that destroyed 14 villages near the Rwandan border and drove thousands from their homes.
		Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira volcanoes, about 13 miles and 25 miles northeast of Goma, are the only two active volcanoes in the region.
		Nyiragongo's last major eruption was in 1977, when lava flows killed almost 2,000 people in less than half an hour when fast flowing lava drained from a lava lake.
	www.volcanolive.com /news15.html (3917 words)

	NOVA Online \| Teachers \| Classroom Activity \| Volcano Under the City \| PBS
		Mount Nyiragongo is a volcano in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 18 kilometers from Goma near the Rwandan border.
		When Nyiragongo erupted in January 2002, more than 250,000 people were temporarily displaced when the lava, flowing at speeds of about 60 kilometers per hour, overran the town of Goma.
		Nyiragongo is said to have lava that flows "like water." Based on your investigation, describe the viscosity of the lava produced by Nyiragongo.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/nova/teachers/activities/3215_volcanoc.html (1093 words)

	volcano on Encyclopedia.com
		The term volcano is commonly applied both to the vent and to the conical mountain (cone) built up around the vent by the erupted rock materials.
		Volcanoes are described as active, dormant, or extinct.
		The Nyiragongo volcano looms over the town of Goma in The Democratic Republic of Congo, June 20, 2002.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/v1/volcano.asp (656 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		-- The Virunga Volcano chain lies along the borders of Rawanda, Uganda, and the Democratic Republic of Congo (Zaire) in central Africa.
		The steep cone in the center of the image is the Nyiragongo stratovolcano, which rises to 3,465 m (11,369 ft).
		The three volcanoes to the right are Mt. Karisimbi, Mt Sainyo, and Mt. Muhavura.
	www.geology.sdsu.edu /how_volcanoes_work/Thumblinks/Virunga_page.html (201 words)

	Goma.htm (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Goma, a city in Zaire (Congo), Africa, is invaded by a very fluid lava flow from Nyiragongo Volcano.
		Nyiragongo Volcano in Zaire (Congo), Africa, began a major lava eruption on January 17, 2002.
		A previous lava lake in the deep summit crater of Nyiragongo drained suddenly from flank fissures in January 1977, releasing extremely fluid lava that moved downslope at up to 60 km/hour, killing about 70 people.
	www.doubledeckerpress.com /goma.htm (129 words)

	Guardian Unlimited \| Special reports \| City fears return of 50mph river of fire
		Mount Nyiragongo is undergoing a "feeding episode" which appears to have started on November 10, according to the Goma Volcano Observatory, an international monitoring group based in the city.
		It is the sixth time since 1972 that Mount Nyiragongo has been recorded feeding from its 15 mile-deep magma core, a phenomenon which results in important rises in the lava lake but do not systematically trigger eruptions, the observatory says.
		Host to the biggest of the world's three lava lakes, Mount Nyiragongo sits in the Virunga mountains, which are on the border between Rwanda and the North Kivu province of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
	www.guardian.co.uk /congo/story/0,12292,1356454,00.html (731 words)

	SWVRC-Current Eruptions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The broad summit of the volcano is cut by several crescentic craters, and a series of parasitic vents and cones have formed along a 20-km-long fissure system that extends from near the town of Chalchuapa NNW of the volcano to the San Marcelino and Cerro Chino cinder cones on the SE flank.
		The generally symmetrical volcano is modified by the sharp-peaked Ventorrillo on the NW, a remnant of an earlier volcano.
		It is important that the population be maintained attentive to the reports that are given by authorized media for possible changes in the activity of the volcano and/or the mud flows generation (lahars), in the case that the climatic conditions be favourable.
	www.swvrc.org /cerupt.htm (6368 words)

	2002 News Releases - Space Images Show Extent of Congo Volcano Devastation
		New images from three NASA spacecraft chronicle the degree of devastation caused by the January 17th eruption of the Nyiragongo volcano in Congo.
		The volcano is one of eight located in the East African Rift Valley on the borders of the Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda and Uganda.
		Example applications are: monitoring glacial advances and retreats; monitoring potentially active volcanoes; identifying crop stress; determining cloud morphology and physical properties; evaluating wetlands; thermal pollution monitoring; coral reef degradation; surface temperature mapping of soils and geology; and measuring surface heat balance.
	www.jpl.nasa.gov /releases/2002/release_2002_29.html (526 words)

	Congo volcano \| csmonitor.com
		The volcano, which wrecked about 40 percent of the town and sent an estimated 350,000 people fleeing across the border into Rwanda, is the latest in a long line of disasters to befall this lush region.
		Nyiragongo last eruped in 1977, when an underground sea of lava drained from the crater within half an hour, spewing lava onto the towns below and killing hundreds if not thousands of people.
		While the volcano has gotten rid of the lava, the tectonic plates of the Rift Valley are moving as they adjust and regain their stability, says Wafula, who has been studying the Nyiragongo for 15 years.
	www.csmonitor.com /2002/0122/p01s04-woaf.html (1202 words)

	Fears Rise as Congo Volcano Spews Big Dust Cloud
		Nyiragongo razed much of Goma in January in Africa's most destructive volcanic eruption for 25 years.
		Vulcanologists said the current danger was that rising lava inside Nyiragongo would force a breach in its flanks, not that the lava would overflow the rim of the 0.75-mile-wide crater.
		They said the molten rock had risen rapidly inside Nyiragongo in the last two weeks, but it was difficult to assess the risk in the notoriously unpredictable mountain.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/723376/posts (828 words)

	Planet Diary Archive 2004 - Volcano - Nyiragongo Volcano Still Erupting
		The eruption of the Nyiragongo volcano in the Democratic Republic of Congo continues.
		The volcano hasn't calmed down since a huge eruption in January 2002 sent streams of lava pouring over the city of Goma near Congo's border with Rwanda.
		Both Nyiragongo and its twin volcano Nyamuragira belong to a chain of active volcanoes along the East African Rift Valley.
	www.phschool.com /science/planetdiary/archive04/volc2121104.html (267 words)

	Nyiragong Volcano Eruption January 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Nyiragongo Volcano in the Democratic Republic of the Congo Erupted 17 January 2002
		Nyiragongo volcano that looms a few miles from the major eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) town of Goma erupted at approximately 09:30 local time on 17 January, 2002.
		The Nyiragongo volcano, situated near the border with Rwanda, is known as one of Africa's most active volcanoes.
	www.unep-wcmc.org /latenews/emergency/nyiragongo (639 words)

	Visible Earth: Nyiragongo Volcano before the Eruption
		Nyiragongo is an active stratovolcano situated on the Eastern African Rift; it is part of Africa’s Virunga Volcanic Chain.
		In a massive eruption that occurred on January 17, 2002, Nyiragongo sent a vast plume of smoke and ash skyward, and three swifly-moving rivers of lava streaming down its western and eastern flanks.
		Nyiragongo’s large crater is clearly visible in the image.
	visibleearth.nasa.gov /view_rec.php?id=2399 (358 words)

	Congo Lake of Fire
		The Mount Nyiragongo Volcano on the eastern border of the Republic of the Congo erupted and forced the evacuation of as many as 400,000 as cities were destroyed.
		A volcano symbolizes the breakdown of Marriage Culture due to the female.
		Secondly, a volcano represents the breakdown of Marriage Culture due to the female.
	www.biblenews1.com /history2/20020118.htm (1415 words)

	ASTER Image Gallery: Nyiragongo Eruption in Congo
		A river of molten rock poured from the Nyiragongo volcano in Congo on January 18, 2002, a day after it erupted, killing dozens, swallowing buildings and forcing hundreds of thousands to flee the town of Goma.
		One of Africa's most notable volcanoes, Nyiragongo contained an active lava lake in its deep summit crater that drained catastrophically through its outer flanks in 1977.
		The image covers an area of 21 x 24 km and combines a thermal band in red, and two infrared bands in green and blue.
	asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov /gallery/gallery.htm?name=Nyiragongo (121 words)

	ReliefWeb » Document Preview » DR Congo: Nyiragongo volcano update 21 May 2002
		During the catastrophic eruption of Nyiragongo Volcano on January 17, 2002, all lava drained from the summit, leaving an empty crater more than 700 m deep.
		This sighting is important as it indicates magma has risen high within the Nyiragongo edifice, and that a long period of extrusive activity may resume in the years ahead.
		After the January 1977 eruption, the activity in Nyiragongo main crater resumed in June 1982, beginning with a lava fountain that feeded a new lava lake in less than two weeks.
	www.reliefweb.int /rw/rwb.nsf/AllDocsByUNID/a03793c148b4608cc1256bc20058746a (366 words)

	Planet Diary Archive 2002 - Volcano - Volcano Pours Lava Over City in Congo (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The volcano poured out a fiery river of lava that cut through the city of Goma near Congo's border with Rwanda.
		The Nyiragongo volcano is part of the East Africa rift zone.
		Nyiragongo has a twin volcano, Nyamuragira, located about 12 miles (20 km) away.
	www.phschool.com /science/planetdiary/archive02/volc3011802.html (204 words)

	Planet Ark : Congo volcano eruption will hurt wildlife-experts
		Nyiragongo is one of eight volcanoes on the borders of Rwanda, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda, a region dense with tropical forests and famously home to rare mountain gorillas.
		However the gorillas inhabit only the slopes of the six dormant volcanoes, and experts said they should be safe from direct impact from the destruction inflicted by Nyiragongo on the town of Goma and nearby forest.
		When Nyiragongo last erupted in 1977, killing scores of people and gutting the town, there were reports of elephants being found in the rubble alongside the human debris of cars and houses.
	www.planetark.org /dailynewsstory.cfm/newsid/14113/story.htm (643 words)

	EO Natural Hazards: Nyiragongo Volcano Erupts in the Congo
		A river of molten rock poured from the Nyiragongo volcano in the Democratic Republic of the Congo on January 18, 2002, a day after it erupted, killing dozens, swallowing buildings and forcing hundreds of thousands to flee the town of Goma.
		In this scene, the Nyiragongo volcano itself is covered by clouds, but Goma is visible to the south, situated on the northern shore of Lake Kivu.
		The bright red ribbons radiating away from the volcano are the hot lava flows.
	earthobservatory.nasa.gov /NaturalHazards/natural_hazards_v2.php3?img_id=1615 (225 words)

	Volcano News - John Seach
		Nyiragongo is one of Africa's most active volcanoes.
		The Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology says that the volcano could be recharging with magma, and a new series of eruptions may not be far away.
		Thirteen volcanoes (out of 69 monitored) are at raised alert levels in Indonesia, as of 28th August.
	www.volcanolive.com /volcanolive.html (570 words)

	GEsource World Guide - South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		In October 2001, a sleeping volcano in the remote South Sandwich Islands began spewing ash and lava from its summit.
		An example is the 2002 eruption of a submarine volcano off the coast of the Solomon Islands in the South Pacific.
		Studying volcanoes by looking at changes in surface features falls into the category of long-term monitoring, which means that the study is done over a longer time period and doesn’t require the immediate availability of data.
	www.gesource.ac.uk /worldguide/html/1023_articles.html (3509 words)

	Wildlife News: Estimates of the Impact of Nyiragongo Volcano Eruption on Wildlife (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Wildlife News: Estimates of the Impact of Nyiragongo Volcano Eruption on Wildlife
		Estimates of the Impact of Nyiragongo Volcano Eruption on Wildlife
		of the volcano and the town of Goma, and all the forest and wildlife
	www.naturalworldtours.co.uk /articles2002/feb/feb0202k.htm (391 words)

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