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Topic: Nymphaeales

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Caryophyllales

Nymphaeaceae

Nymphaea

Cronquist system

Water lily

Scrophulariales

Flowering plant

Scrophulariaceae

Nelumbo nucifera

Magnoliopsida

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	IngentaConnect Divergence Times and Historical Biogeography of Nymphaeales (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Nymphaeales (Nymphaeaceae and Cabombaceae) comprise eight genera and approximately 70 species of aquatic plants, with a worldwide distribution in tropical to temperate regions.
		Our results indicate that extant Nymphaeales diversified into two major clades corresponding to Cabombaceae and Nymphaeaceae during the Eocene (44.6 ± 7.9 mya); extant genera of Nymphaeaceae date to 41.1 ± 7.7 mya, and extant Cabombaceae diversified during the Miocene (19.9 5.6 mya).
		Using dispersal-vicariance analysis, we infer that the ancestor of Nymphaeales occupied the American and Eurasian continents during the Eocene and that the present distributional patterns require several subsequent dispersal and extinction events.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/aspt/sb/2005/00000030/00000004/art00002 (334 words)

	FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA - Volume 1, Chapter 14
		The Nymphaeales may be briefly characterized as those families of the Magnoliidae that are aquatic herbs without ethereal oil cells and without vessels in the shoot.
		Most of the Nymphaeales have long-petiolate leaves with broad, cordate to hastate or peltate, floating blades, but in Ceratophyllum the leaves are all slender and submersed, and in Nelumbo many of the leaves are emergent.
		It is here considered that the modern Nymphaeales all descend from a group of primitive dicotyledons that took to an aquatic habitat and became herbaceous very early in the history of the angiosperms.
	hua.huh.harvard.edu /FNA/Volume/V01/Chapter14.shtml (9619 words)

	Nymphaeales
		NYMPHAEALES + AUSTROBAILEYALES + [CERATOPHYLLALES + CHLORANTHALES + MAGNOLIIDS [MONOCOTS + EUDICOTS]: vessels +, elements with scalariform perforation plates; pollen tectate-columellate, tectum reticulate [perforated]; nucleus of egg cell sister to one of the polar nuclei; ?genome duplication; "DEAER" motif in AP3 and PI genes lost, gaps in these genes.
		Whether a monopolar, 4-nuclear embryo sac and diploid endosperm is an autapomorphy for both Nymphaeales and Austrobaileyales or for all angiosperms minus Amborella is unclear.
		2006) place Hydatellaceae firmly with Nymphaeales, and sister to [Cabombaceae + Nymphaeaceae]; the sequence that plaved Hydatellaceae in Poales was a pcr recombinant, a chimaera of Agrostis and a moss.
	www.mobot.org /MOBOT/Research/APweb/orders/nymphaealesweb.htm (1886 words)

	Developmental morphology of ovules and seeds of Nymphaeales -- Yamada et al. 88 (6): 963 -- American Journal of Botany
		Developmental morphology of ovules and seeds of Nymphaeales -- Yamada et al.
		Ovules of Nymphaeales are uniformly bitegmic and crassinucellate
		Les D. Schneider 1995 The Nymphaeales, Alismatidae, and the theory of an aquatic monocotyledon origin.
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/full/88/6/963 (4260 words)

	William (Ned) Friedman - abstracts
		Recent phylogenetic analyses of angiosperms have identified a set of "basal" angiosperm lineages (Amborella, Nymphaeales, and a clade that includes Illiciaceae, Schisandraceae, Trimeniaceae, and Austrobaileyaceae) that are central to the study of the origin and early diversification of flowering plants.
		Within the basal angiosperm lineages Nymphaeales and Illiciales, female gametophytes are characterized by a single developmental module that produces a four-celled/four-nucleate structure with a haploid uninucleate central cell.
		Because of their basal phylogenetic position, Amborella, Nymphaeales, and Illiciales (and allies) are key to reconstructing ancestral character states and to tracing character state transitions that occurred during the earliest radiation of flowering plants.
	spot.colorado.edu /~friedmaw/abstracts.html (9589 words)

	ZHANG, XIAOYAN AND SHAUN M. MCELLIN.*
		Twenty-four morphological, anatomical, and palynological characters and a molecular data set of an 1183-base-pair (bp) portion of the chloroplast gene rbcL sequences were extracted from a number of previously published references and databases.
		In order to determine the degrees of consistency between these resulting phylogenetic trees and some exisiting classification systems of Nymphaeales such as Cronquist (1981), a generalized method for tree-comparison based on subtree similarity was applied.
		From the results of the present cladistic analyses based on both morphological and molecular data and the most similar trees, the phylogenetic status of each genus and their relationships were clarified as follows: 1) Nelumbo and Barclaya are two distinct taxa and can be recognized as two families each containing a single genus.
	www.ou.edu /cas/botany-micro/bsa-abst/section13/abstracts/7.shtml (283 words)

	Systematics of the Nymphaeales
		The Nymphaeales have long been considered a "primitive" group of flowering plants.
		In either case, the Nymphaeales are certainly an early group.
		Visit the Tree of Life for current views on the relationships of Nymphaeales.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /anthophyta/paleoherbs/nymphsy.html (421 words)

	Feild, Taylor* and N. Michele Holbrook. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		In contrast, Nymphaeales possess a suite of ecophysiological features generally associated with sunny to shady aquatic environments.
		Because these specialized ecophysiological features are closely linked with the aquatic habit, Nymphaeales may represent a separate ecological experiment and thus have little bearing on the ecological circumstances surrounding the origin of the angiosperms.
		A view of the earliest flowering plants as understory shrubs and vines growing in wet environments differs from previous suggestions that the first angiosperms arose in disturbed, exposed, and semi-arid environments.
	www.botany2001.org /section3/abstracts/71.shtml (230 words)

	Introduction to the Nymphaeales (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		The Nymphaeales are the waterlilies, lotus, and similar plants.
		Europeans developed a passion for water gardens around the beginning of the nineteenth century, and the waterlilies often featured prominently in their gardens and art, such as in the Monet painting at right.
		The waterlilies have been around much longer than any human culture, and one view of flowering plant origins maintains that waterlilies and the other paleoherbs are representative of the earliest members of that group.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /anthophyta/paleoherbs/nymphaeales.html (343 words)

	PBIO 450 Lecture Notes - Magnoliidae -- Spring 1999
		As a group the taxon may be characterized "as those families of Magnoliidae "that are aquatic herbs without ethereal oil cells and without vessels in the shoot" (p.
		While the two families are closely linked, based on their anatomical and morphological differences, the two families ought to be recognized.
		The separation of the Hydropeltidales from the Nymphaeales is somewhat akin to the recognition of the polymerous Magnoliales as a taxon distinct from the trimerous Laurales.
	www.life.umd.edu /emeritus/reveal/pbio/pb450/magn4.html (1152 words)

	Mackenzie L. Taylor
		Brasenia, commonly known as the Water Shield, is a monotypic genus sporadically distributed in freshwater ponds and lakes throughout temperate and tropical regions of the Americas, Asia, Australia, and Africa.
		Brasenia is one of eight genera that comprise the two families of Nymphaeales, or water lilies: Cabombaceae (Brasenia, Cabomba) and Nymphaeaceae (Victoria, Euryale, Nymphaea, Ondinea, Barclaya, Nuphar).
		Currently, evidence from a broad range of phylogenetic studies indicates that the Nymphaeales are among the most primitive flowering plants and that Amborella or Amborella plus Nymphaeales is the sister group to the remaining angiosperms.
	www2.truman.edu /~josborn/Mackenzie_Taylor.htm (348 words)

	BioMed Central \| Full text \| Complete plastid genome sequences of Drimys, Liriodendron, and Piper: implications for the ...
		Thus, although both MP and ML analyses including the three additional magnoliid taxa support Amborella as the basal-most branch in the angiosperm phylogeny, sampling of more taxa and genes, and further investigations of model specification in phylogenetic analyses are needed before this issue is fully resolved [see discussion in [18,23]].
		Non-parametric bootstrap analyses [82] were performed for MP analyses with 1000 replicates with TBR branch swapping, 1 random addition replicate, and the Multrees option and for ML analyses with 100 replicates with NNI branch swapping, 1 random addition replicate, and the Multrees option.
		A constraint topology with this alternative tree topology was used and the SH test was conducted using RELL optimization [83] as implemented in PAUP* version 4.0b10 [79].
	www.biomedcentral.com /1471-2148/6/77 (6950 words)

	Amborellales
		On the Cycadales page there is further discussion of relationships between the major clades of seed plants; for some characters, whether or not they are apomorphies of angiosperms will depend on relationships between extant gymnosperms.
		The mycorrhizal condition of the ANITA grade (Amborellales, Nymphaeales and Austrobaileyales here) is largely unknown, although mycorrhizae are absent in Nymphaeales (and Ceratophyllales), as might be expected for aquatic groups (Landis et al.
		Since the sister taxon to the angiosperms remains conjectural (Archaefructus by itself is not clarifying the problem much) and the Nymphaeales are highly autapomorphic (in some respects) aquatics, polarity of many angiosperm characters is unclear (see also Friedman and Floyd 2001; Ronse De Craene et al.
	www.mobot.org /MOBOT/Research/APweb/orders/amborellalesweb2.htm (6430 words)

	Developmental Evolution of the Sexual Process in Ancient Flowering Plant Lineages -- Friedman and Williams 16 ...
		Amborella, Nymphaeales, and Austrobaileyales constitute a set of lineages that are more ancient (in terms of time of origin) than monocots, eumagnoliids, or eudicots.
		Nymphaeales, and Austrobaileyales are the most ancient extant
		This condition still is to be found among Nymphaeales and Austrobaileyales.
	www.plantcell.org /cgi/content/full/16/suppl_1/S119 (6099 words)

	Identifying the Basal Angiosperm Node in Chloroplast Genome Phylogenies: Sampling One's Way Out of the Felsenstein Zone ...
		Nymphaeales as branching from the basal-most nodes in the angiosperm
		Age estimates for the MRCA of Amborella and the Nymphaeales
		Amborella with Nymphaeales in a clade sister to the remaining
	mbe.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/22/10/1948 (6588 words)

	A Re-examination of the Root Cortex in Wetland Flowering Plants With Respect to Aerenchyma -- SEAGO et al. 96 (4): 565 ...
		is characteristic of all aquatic basal angiosperms (the Nymphaeales)
		Origin of honeycomb aerenchyma or expansigeny in roots of Nymphaeales and Acorales.
		The Nymphaeales, Alismatidae, and the theory of an aquatic monocotyledon origin.
	aob.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/96/4/565 (6288 words)

	University of Tennessee, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
		I am interested in how interactions between these structures during development have impacted the diversification of flowering plants.
		Currently, I am investigating reproductive timing and post-pollination processes in one of the earliest divergent lineages of flowering plants, the Nymphaeales, or water lilies.
		2005 Pollen and Anther Ontogeny in Brasenia (Cabombaceae, Nymphaeales).
	eeb.bio.utk.edu /mackenzie.asp (256 words)

	Cretaceous flowers of Nymphaeaceae and implications for complex insect entrapment pollination mechanisms in early ...
		The overall phylogenetic position of the broad Nymphaeales
		Nymphaeales, next to Cabomba (which was added to the original
		Nymphaeales has been primarily based on fossil leaves and pollen.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/101/21/8056 (3379 words)

	The Chloroplast Genome of Nymphaea alba: Whole-Genome Analyses and the Problem of Identifying the Most Basal Angiosperm ...
		Nymphaeales (excluding Nelumbonaceae) have no vessels (Cronquist 1981;
		Fossil evidence of water lilies (Nymphaeales) in the early Cretaceous.
		Evolutionary analysis of 58 proteins encoded in six completely sequenced chloroplast genomes: revised molecular estimates of two seed plant divergence times.
	mbe.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/21/7/1445 (4540 words)

	Jolene M. Miesner
		Victoria is one of eight genera that comprise the Nymphaeales, or water lilies.
		The Nymphaeales are widely regarded to be among the most ancient lineages of flowering plants, as recent phylogenetic studies have consistently indicated that either Amborella or Amborella plus Nymphaeales is the sister group to the remaining angiosperms.
		Studies of pollen development generate important clues to evolutionary relationships; however, little is known about these characters in Victoria.
	www2.truman.edu /~josborn/Jolene_M_Miesner.htm (324 words)

	When Did Angiosperms First Evolve?
		They think that the lack of petals and sepals may be an ancestral characteristic, but the highly specialized leaves, paired stamens, and habit of this plant make that hypothesis unlikely.
		The extent of that evolution (based on recent molecular data) is told by their living descendants, which include Amborella, Nymphaeales, ITA (i.e., ANITA group), Chloranthaceae, Eudicots, Monocots, Piperales, Magnoliales, and Winterales (Doyle and Endress, 2000).
		As recently as a decade ago, the Magnoliales and Winterales had been considered more basal (primitive) than the Nymphaeales, Eudicots, and Monocots; and that interpretation supported an Early Cretaceous origin for angiosperms based on Cretaceous fossils (i.e., Magnoliaceae and Winteraceae in the Barremian-Cenomanian).
	www.unifiedworlds.com /cornet/Why02/why.htm (12282 words)

	Mohlenbrock, Robert H.; Mohlenbrock, R. H.: Flowering Plants: Magnolias to Pitcher Plants (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Because such a small number of families of dicots is found in this work, no overall key to the dicot families is included.
		The fifteen families that comprise them are generally conceded by most botanists to be among the most primitive living plants in the world today.
		These orders can be characterized generally as woody in the Annonales (except for the Saururaceae and some Aristolochiaceae), herbaceous in the Berberidales (except for the Menispermaceae and some Berberidaceae), aquatic in the Nymphaeales, and insectivorous in the Sarraceniales.
	www.forbesbookclub.com /bookpage.asp?prod_cd=I8B80 (378 words)

	Pollen ontogeny in Brasenia (Cabombaceae, Nymphaeales) -- Taylor and Osborn 93 (3): 344 -- American Journal of Botany
		Pollen ontogeny in Brasenia (Cabombaceae, Nymphaeales) -- Taylor and Osborn 93 (3): 344 -- American Journal of Botany
		genera that comprise the two families of Nymphaeales, or water
		a range of studies indicates that Nymphaeales are among the
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/abstract/93/3/344 (265 words)

	The root of the angiosperms revisited -- Zanis et al. 99 (10): 6848 -- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
		all remaining angiosperms or that Nymphaeales alone are the sister
		(Hypothesis C) Nymphaeales are sister to all remaining angiosperms.
		data sets recovered Nymphaeales as sister to the rest of the angiosperms.
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/99/10/6848 (4644 words)

	Nymphaeales - Ciencia.net - Noticias científicas, artículos científicos sobre matemáticas, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-17)
		Nymphaeales - Ciencia.net - Noticias científicas, artículos científicos sobre matemáticas, física, química, astronomía...
		Los Nymphaeales es el órden de plantas angiospermas.
		El artículo "Nymphaeales" está dado de alta en los siguientes temas y categorías
	www.ciencia.net /VerArticulo/?idTitulo=Nymphaeales (79 words)

	Botanik online: Magnoliidae - Nymphaeales
		Die Nymphaeales sind hoch spezialisierte, an das Leben in ruhigen Gewässern adaptierte Wasserpflanzen.
		Wie bei den Piperales ist das Nährgewebe kein Endosperm, sondern ein Perisperm.
		Chemisch sind die Nymphaeales durch den Besitz von Ellagitanninen von allen anderen Magnoliidae deutlich unterschieden.
	www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de /b-online/d49/49g.htm (277 words)

	Nymphaeales
		[ Nepenthales ] [ Nymphaeales ] [ Ochnales ]
		Vernacular names of plants within the Order Nymphaeales
		For a description of the methodology followed in establishing this hierarchy see the note Nomenclature used in The Compleat Botanica.
	www.crescentbloom.com /plants/Ordo/Nymphaeales.htm (67 words)

	Nymphaeaceae
		To learn more about phylogenetic trees, please visit our Phylogenetic Biology pages.
		Phylogeny, classification and floral evolution of water lilies (Nymphaeaceae; Nymphaeales): A synthesis of non-molecular, rbcL, matK, and rDNA data.
		A search engine that indexes a number of other aquatic plant sites.
	tolweb.org /tree?group=Nymphaeaceae (475 words)

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