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	Oak Ridges Moraine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Oak Ridges Moraine is an ecologically sensitive geological landform in south central Ontario, Canada.
		Overlaying this core is a glaciolacustrine sedimentary layer that is younger and topographically lower, principally in the delta and basin areas of the moraine.
		It wasn't until William Logan, in 1863, that the moraine's extent was established to be between the Niagara Escarpment in the west, and the Trent River in the east.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Oak_Ridges_Moraine (2007 words)

	STORM Coalition (Save the Oak Ridges Moraine)
		One of Ontario's largest moraines, the Oak Ridges Moraine extends 160 kilometres from the Niagara Escarpment in the west to the Trent River system in the east, and is on average 13 kilometres wide.
		Strung along the rivers of the moraine are historic towns that show similar patterns of conurbation - the classic village center ringed by modern subdivisions and schools and baseball diamonds.
		It was here where the moraine was almost cut in half by development and it was here where the battle for the moraine was staged and won.
	www.stormcoalition.org /pages/moraine.html (1326 words)

	City of Toronto: Oak Ridges Moraine, Background
		The moraine is a ridge of primarily sand and gravel, deposited by advancing and retreating glaciers, approximately 12,000 years ago.
		The moraine extends 160 km across the GTA, from the Ganaraska Forest in Durham Region in the east, to the Niagara Escarpment in the west.
		The moraine contributes to the overall quality of life of residents in the City of Toronto, which is tied to the overall health of the GTA.
	www.toronto.ca /moraine/background.htm (670 words)

	Case Study: The Oak Ridges Moraine - Linking Science And Policy For Urban Nonpoint Source Pollution In The Great Lakes ...
		The Oak Ridges Moraine is a still largely undeveloped belt of hills, fields, forests and streams, extending 160 kilometers across the northern edge of Toronto.
		Research on the hydrology of the Oak Ridges Moraine had begun by 1970, with efforts to understand the significance of the aquifer as a recharge source for Lake Simcoe and Lake Ontario (Haefeli 1970).
		In particular, knowledge of the hydrology of the moraine, including its importance as a regional aquifer, served as an essential resource in communicating the issue widely (although the description of the Moraine as the "rain barrel" of Ontario was also thought by at least one scientist to overstate its importance).
	www.iaglr.org /scipolicy/nps/oakridges.php (2579 words)

	HGIS: Oak Ridges Moraine Hydrogeology Study Overview
		The Oak Ridges Moraine is a significant groundwater resource area for storage and recharge for supply of high quality drinking water and stream baseflow.
		Although the groundwater quality in the Oak Ridges Moraine Aquifer system is generally good to excellent, the upper aquifers are unconfined and at risk to contamination from existing and future intensive land uses in the Moraine.
		The approximate 275 m asl contour has been accepted as the 'toe of slope' definition for the Oak Ridges Moraine, and corresponds, for the most part, to a natural boundary between the high density urban forms encroaching from the south and the sparse rural developments historically characteristic of the Moraine.
	www.hunter-gis.com /ws_services/HAndH/ORMPAPER/ormovr.htm (839 words)

	Oak Ridges Moraine - Introduction
		The Moraine was formed as a result of actions by massive sheets of ice that covered much of North America in the last million years.
		When the glaciers last began to melt, a crack developed in the area of the current Moraine which eventually widened to form an opening where melt water and debris such as sand and gravel that were previously trapped within the glaciers were deposited.
		One of the most significant features of the Moraine is the ground water which results from rainwater percolation into the generally porous soils of the Moraine.
	www.oakridgestrail.org /ORMcontd.htm (248 words)

	OakRidgesMoraine
		A Vision for the ORM — where the Regions agree that there needs to be an overall vision for the Oak Ridges Moraine for it is connected to a broader natural system that includes the Niagara Escarpment, a series of rivers that originate on the Moraine and connect to Lakes Ontario and Simcoe and beyond.
		The ORM staff report to August 27th, 2001 (Item 13 of Report 7, Planning and Development Committee September 6, 2001 Agenda) Regional Council (without extracts) is available for downloading as well the Appendices to the report is available for downloading.
		Approximately 33% of the total land area of the Region of York is within the Moraine, with the municipal percentages ranging from approximately 3% of the Town of Markham in the Moraine to approximately 82% of the Town of Whitchurch-Stouffville.
	www.york.ca /services/environmental/oakridgesmoraine.htm (1598 words)

	Oak Ridges Moraine - Project overview
		The ORM is marked by an east-west strip of forest cover from east of Aurora to east of Lake Scugog.
		The present study of the ORM is one of the first regional studies of a moraine in southern Ontario (Fig.
		Moraine and channel landforms and sediments are genetically related as defined by evolving sedimentary models (e.g.
	gsc.nrcan.gc.ca /hydrogeo/orm/overview_e.php (1597 words)

	Geoscape Toronto - Oak Ridges Moraine
		The Oak Ridges Moraine stretches 160 kilometres from the Niagara Escarpment almost to the Trent River.
		The ridge influences the flow of surface and groundwater, and local climate in the GTA.
		Recognizing the moraine's overall ecological significance, in late 2001 the government of Ontario enacted legislation and a plan to protect the moraine.
	geoscape.nrcan.gc.ca /toronto/moraine_e.php (369 words)

	City of Toronto: Oak Ridges Moraine
		The moraine gets its name from its rolling hills and river valleys extending 160 kms from the Niagara Escarpment to Rice Lake and was formed 12,000 years ago by advancing and retreating glaciers.
		It is one of the last remaining continuous green corridors in southern Ontario: it is still 30 per cent forested and is one of the last refuges for forest birds in all of southern Ontario.
		The greatest threat to the function of the moraine is inappropriate land uses on and below the surface of the moraine, particularly in headwater areas.
	www.toronto.ca /moraine/index.htm (724 words)

	MAH - Oak Ridges Moraine Conservation Plan
		The Oak Ridges Moraine Conservation Plan is an ecologically based plan established by the Ontario government to provide land use and resource management direction for the 190,000 hectares of land and water within the Moraine.
		This irregular ridge stretches 160 kilometres from the Trent River in the east to the Niagara Escarpment in the west.
		The Ontario government's vision for the Oak Ridges Moraine is that of "a continuous band of green rolling hills that provides form and structure to south-central Ontario, while protecting the ecological and hydrological features and functions that support the health and well-being of the region's residents and ecosystems".
	www.mah.gov.on.ca /userfiles/HTML/nts_1_6846_1.html (15854 words)

	Hydrography of the Oak Ridges Moraine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Preliminary research on the hydrology of the Oak Ridges Moraine began in the 1970s, but a broader research effort including the impact of urban development on the aquifer system and Great Lakes water quality was established in 1993.
		The moraine serves to recharge streams and rivers in the surrounding region, acting as an underground reservoir.
		The Oak Ridges Moraine Conservation Act of 2001 stipulates that any development in the moraine or nearby areas must satisfy several conditions, most prominently that each development leave a buffer zone of 30 m between it and any hydrological feature; for a kettle lake, this measure is from the edge of the lake's catchment area.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hydrography_of_the_Oak_Ridges_Moraine (632 words)

	Oak Ridges Moraine Page 1
		The Oak Ridges Moraine is classified as an Inter lobate Moraine, and was carved out between two advancing Ice Sheets 12,000 years ago.
		It is a band of land that varies from 24 km to 3 km wide and extends 160 km in length.
		Moraines are composed of till, which is a mixture of clay, silt, sand, and stone.
	www.rivernen.ca /orm_1.htm (168 words)

	Saving the moraine, one patch at a time (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Its sandy soil is typical of much of the moraine, a 160-km-long ridge that runs from near Orangeville on the west to Rice Lake on the east.
		The moraine was formed 12,000 years ago when two retreating glaciers deposited silt, sand and gravel into a trough between them.
		The moraine is green—one of the last continuous corridors of green space in southern Ontario.
	observer.thecentre.centennialcollege.ca /features/moraine110800.htm (1115 words)

	Trent University - Oak Ridge Moraine key to nature's balance
		The view is from the Oak Ridges Moraine: a band of rolling hills extending from near Peterborough, westwards across the top of the Greater Toronto Area.
		The future of the moraine is being determined in rallies and council chambers across the region.
		It would be a credit to all of us if the future of the Oak Ridges Moraine were to be decided on the basis of open and careful discussion, informed by the best science, instead of, as now seems likely, by the grinding inevitability of bulldozers.
	www.trentu.ca /news/view/moraine.html (735 words)

	Responding to Complexity, Uncertainty and Conflict (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The Oak Ridges Moraine is a 160-kilometre long topographic feature running east from the Niagara Escarpment to the Trent River system within the south-central region of Ontario.
		The Oak Ridges Moraine is a regional surface water divide with over 65 river and stream systems flowing north to Lakes Simcoe and Scugog and Georgian Bay and south to Lake Ontario.
		The Oak Ridges Moraine has been described as "southern's rain barrel" and is one of the most heavily used groundwater sources in Canada (Geological Survey of Canada 1997).
	io.uwinnipeg.ca /~adiduck/SOCIAL_LEARNING/oak-ridges-background.html (356 words)

	MAH - The Oak Ridges Moraine
		The Oak Ridges Moraine is an environmentally sensitive, geological landform in south central
		To protect environmentally sensitive lands on the Oak Ridges Moraine, the province is exchanging lands it owns in North Pickering for privately owned lands in Richmond Hill and Uxbridge.
		The Oak Ridges Moraine Foundation is a non-profit, independent from government organization.
	www.mah.gov.on.ca /userfiles/HTML/nts_1_31_1.html (125 words)

	OPA 198 and Moraine
		The Trafalgar Moraine is approximately 20 km long and 4 km wide and stretches from the Niagara Escarpment in the west through the northern part of Oakville to the City of Mississauga.
		The Trafalgar moraine is an incredible ecological bioregion that stretches 20 kilometres from the Niagara Escarpment in the west through to Mississauga in the east, just north of Dundas Street in the beautiful city of Oakville.
		The Trafalgar Moraine Protection Act, if passed, will temporarily freeze development on this moraine until the province puts a protective plan in place that identifies and protects the environmentally sensitive features of this region so future generations can continue to enjoy this amazing greenbelt of forest, wildlife, birds and wetlands.
	www.oakvillegreen.com /html/trafalgar_moraine.htm (2714 words)

	Responding to Complexity, Uncertainty and Conflict (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The Act established the Oak Ridges Moraine Conservation Plan (the ORMCP), which among a number of things, designates land use areas and permitted uses within the Oak Ridges Moraine Area with a clear ecologically-based purpose, vision and set of objectives.
		Effectively, the ORMCP halted all new urban development on 92 percent of the Oak Ridges Moraine, directed all new urban growth to its existing settlement areas and established a natural heritage system to protect key natural heritage and hydrologically sensitive features and functions.
		The Oak Ridges Moraine extends over 26 municipalities, which in turn are nested under nine upper-tier regional or county structures.
	io.uwinnipeg.ca /~adiduck/SOCIAL_LEARNING/oak-ridges-act.html (368 words)

	Oak Ridges Moraine Conservation Act, 2001, S.O. 2001, c. 31 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The Lieutenant Governor in Council may, by regulation, designate an area of land as the Oak Ridges Moraine Area. 2001, c.
		(1) On or before the day that is 12 months after the day the Oak Ridges Moraine Conservation Plan is filed under the Regulations Act, the regional municipalities of Peel, York and Durham shall each prepare and adopt an official plan amendment to implement the Plan. 2001, c.
		(1) Every person who contravenes a prohibition contained in the Oak Ridges Moraine Conservation Plan, fails to comply with a restriction contained in the Plan or fails to comply with an order made under subsection (5) is guilty of an offence. 2001, c.
	www.e-laws.gov.on.ca /DBLaws/Statutes/English/01o31_e.htm (5325 words)

	MEDIA BACKGROUNDER - Oak Ridges Moraine
		The Oak Ridges Moraine crosses seven regional and county borders and 26 area municipalities’ borders.
		Placing a temporary moratorium on new development on the Oak Ridges Moraine until longer-term measures can be put in place; powers in the existing Planning Act give the Minister of Municipal Affairs a number of means to achieve a moratorium.
		Because of the enormous implications of the provincial government’s role in protecting the Oak Ridges Moraine, the two organizations request that the application for review be directed to the Premier to coordinate a response.
	www.sierralegal.org /m_archive/2000/bk00_03_24.htm (658 words)

	Scientists call on governments to freeze development of Oak Ridges Moraine
		This 3-d representation of the Oak Ridges Moraine was generated from a chromo-stereo enhanced digital elevation model
		In addition, the forests of the moraine are home to dozens of nesting birds and wild flowers, some that are rare and vulnerable, they say.
		The moraine, created about 12,000 years ago by the rapid movement of ice, is a complex environment that has been taken for granted for years, said Brookes, one of 465 local and international scientists to call for a temporary development halt.
	www.canoe.ca /AllAboutCanoesNewsFeb00/02_oak.html (405 words)

	Oak Ridges Moraine (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The Oak Ridges Moraine is a still largely undeveloped belt of hills, fields, forests and streams, extending 160 kilometres across the northern edge of Toronto.
		Formed by glaciers about 12,000 years ago, the moraine's gravel and sand collect rainwater and snow melt, which is then slowly filtered and transferred to over 65 rivers and streams draining into Lake Ontario and Lake Simcoe.
		If the Oak Ridges Moraine is preserved, then housing would have to be built further away from Toronto.
	home.cogeco.ca /~grade7/oakridges.htm (435 words)

	Monitoring the Moraine
		The Monitoring the Moraine (MTM) project partners (Citizens’ Environment Watch, STORM Coalition and the Centre for Community Mapping) along with the Oak Ridges Moraine Symposium Planning Committee are inviting nominations to the 2007 Moraine For Life Awards.
		The Moraine For Life Awards are given to recognize and thank special people who help make the Oak Ridges Moraine a better place.
		More specifically, four awards are given to an individual, organization or agency that has contributed significantly to improving the ecology and hydrology of the moraine and the social wellbeing of people who live and work on or downstream of the Oak Ridges Moraine.
	www.monitoringthemoraine.ca (362 words)

	Town of Newmarket - Oak Ridges Moraine Executive Summary
		The boundary of the Oak Ridges Moraine, as identified by the Province, is based on a number of topographical, geomorphological and geological attributes.
		The boundary of the Oak Ridges Moraine and the land use designations within the Oak Ridges Moraine Area (i.e., Natural Core Area and Settlement Area) as shown on Schedule "B" to the proposed amendment, cannot be altered.
		All land not currently developed for urban type uses are to be rezoned to reflect their location and status on the Oak Ridges Moraine.
	www.newmarket.ca /userfiles/HTML/nts_1_406_1.html (756 words)

	HGIS: Oak Ridges Moraine Hydrogeology Study
		Hunter and Associates was selected from an open consultant selection competition by the Oak Ridges Moraine Technical Working Committee to undertake the Oak Ridges Moraine Hydrogeological Study in Peel, York and Durham Regions of Ontario.
		The objectives of this study included identifying, characterizing and delineating the key hydrogeological features of the Oak Ridges Moraine area and providing recommendations to assist in the development of a strategy for managing the water resources of the Moraine area on an ecological sustainable basis.
		In support of the hydrogeological analyses of the Moraine area, comprehensive GIS resource databases (water well, hydrogeochemistry, etc.) were constructed in vector topological format, georeferenced to the 1:10,000 scale digital Ontario Basic Mapping (OBM) coordinate system.
	www.hunter-gis.com /WS_Services/HAndH/ORMPAPER/hydrogeo.htm (290 words)

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