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Topic: Oberaufseherin

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	Dorothea Binz - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Afterwards she spent time as a maid but disliked the job, applied at a local SS office and was sent to Ravensbrück on September 1, 1939 to undergo training as a guard.
		Later she is said to have supervised the bunker where women prisoners were tortured and killed.
		Her superiors were Lagerleiterin Erna Rose, Oberaufseherin Johanna Langefeld and the commandant, Max Kögel.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Dorothea_Binz (573 words)

	Irma Grese
		Born into a farming family, she left school in 1938 and after various casual jobs she was employed as a guard at Ravensbrück in 1942.
		She was transferred to Auschwitz in March 1943 and by the end of that year she was Oberaufseherin (Senior Supervisor), the second highest ranking woman at the camp, in charge of around 30,000 Jewish female prisoners.
		In January 1945 she briefly returned to Ravensbrück before ending her wartime career at Bergen-Belsen as an Arbeitsdienstführerin from March to April, being captured by the British.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ir/Irma_Grese.html (255 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Ravensbrück functioned as a result of two overlapping hierarchies, an SS hierarchy and a prisoner hierarchy.
		Even though absolute power lay in the hands of the SS, to a great extent, the everyday operation of the camp was in the hands of the prisoners themselves, and the “prisoner officials wielded considerable influence (Morrison 19).” The highest-ranking female office was that of the Oberaufseherin, or Head Female Overseer.
		The SS Oberaufseherin, Johanna Langefeld, attempted to take control of the women's camp at Auschwitz and gain absolute power.
	www.owlnet.rice.edu /~sfranco/background.html (1007 words)

	Maria Mandel
		From October 1938 to May 1939 she was Aufseherin at KZ Lichtenburg and then from May 1939 to October 1942 she was Aufseherin in KZ Ravensbrück.
		She was then transferred as an Oberaufseherin to KZ Auschwitz where she worked until November 30, 1944.
		She was moved on to KZ Mühldorf where she continued until May 1945.
	www.auschwitz.dk /Women/Mandel.htm (314 words)

	Publications of Concentration Camp Memorial Neuengamme
		This contradiction can be attributed to the difference in sizes between the two camps, but is primarily due to internal supervisory structure of the women's camp.
		There the jurisdiction and responsibilities of the head guard (Oberaufseherin) overlapped with those of her supervisor, the camp commander (Schutzhaftlagerführer).
		In the women's camp, the head guard retained many of the jobs and responsibilities that, in the men's camp, were delegated to the camp-eldest.
	fhh1.hamburg.de /Neuengamme/Publikationen/65-03.en.html (232 words)

	Shofar FTP Archives: imt/tgmwc/tgmwc-05/tgmwc-05-44.02
		At Auschwitz there was a brothel for the SS and also one for the male internees of the staff, which were called "Kapo." Moreover, when the SS needed servants they came accompanied by the Oberaufseherin, that is, the woman commandant of the camp, to make a choice during the process of disinfection.
		They would point to a young girl, whom the Oberaufseherin would take out of the ranks.
		They would look her over and make jokes about her physique, and if she was pretty and they liked her, they would hire her as a maid, with the consent of the Oberaufseherin, who would tell her that she was to obey them absolutely, no matter what they asked of her.
	www.vex.net /~nizkor/ftp.py?imt/tgmwc/tgmwc-05/tgmwc-05-44.02 (2635 words)

	Voices from Ravensbrück - Manuscript Section, University Library in Lund (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Since we were allowed to receive packages, they were no longer really able to check: we always say that the food in the blocks, and smuggled from the kitchen, came from our packages (they didn't always want to believe us, however).
		During this period internal discipline depends during this period above all on what kind of "Oberaufseherka" [German, Oberaufseherin: female SS head of the camp] there is. They are changed often, and each makes that even if they aren't intended to torment us were never easy to withstand.
		Individual punishments as the result of the laxer discipline are treated as examples [for the rest of the prisoners] and are very severe.
	www.lub.lu.se /handskrift/projekt-ravensbruck/interview420-2.html (2928 words)

	Lest we forget! - The Cat Arena
		The trial was eagerly followed by the press and the defendant who attracted the most attention was the notorious 21-year-old Irma Grese, who was accused of participating in selections for the gas chamber at Birkenau, the Auschwitz II death camp.
		Despite her young age, Irma had achieved the rank of Oberaufseherin or Senior SS Overseer by the autumn of 1943.
		In this role, she was in charge of supervising around 30,000 women prisoners, mostly Polish and Hungarian Jews, at Birkenau.
	www.thecatarena.com /forum/showthread.php?t=12626 (9883 words)

	Therese Brandl - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In October 1942, she was moved to the newly opened Auschwitz II camp at Birkenau.
		That same month a new Oberaufseherin named Maria Mandel arrived from Ravensbruck, and former SS-Oberaufseherin Johanna Langefeld was sent back to Ravensbruck.
		At Auschwitz, Brandl soon rose through the ranks and became an Erstaufseherin (First Guard) alongside Margot Dreschel and Irma Grese.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Therese_Brandl (330 words)

	Axis History Factbook: SS personnel serving at Ravensbrück
		Female SS Oberaufseherin Dr Maria Mandel (Executed by the Poles)
		Female SS Oberaufseherin Else Ehrich (Executed by the Poles)
		Female SS Oberaufseherin Ruth Hildner (Executed by the Czechs)
	www.axishistory.com /index.php?id=3682 (368 words)

	irma grese \| biography (1923-1945)
		In January, 1945, returned to Ravensbrück before being transferred to Bergen-Belsen in March.
		In Auschwitz Grese undertook a range of duties, including that of telephone operator, commander of a gardening detail, and mail censor, prior to being appointed as an Oberaufseherin (Senior SS-Supervisor) in the autumn of 1943 in C Lager, part of Birkenau then occupied by Polish Jewish women, and later by Hungarians.
		This was the second highest rank that SS female concentration camp pesonnel could attain.
	www.leninimports.com /irma_grese.html (447 words)

	Elizabeth Volkenrath
		There she took part in selections and abuse.
		In November 1944, she was promoted to SS Oberaufseherin and oversaw three hangings.
		She later went to Bergen Belsen as supervising wardress and did nothing for the conditions there.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/biography/Volkenrath.html (134 words)

	Halina Birenbaum: Among Women on the Edge of Death
		I gazed at them in horror, astounded, I could not get it into my head that they could really be like that.
		Until Auschwitz, when the Oberaufseherin lashed into me with her crop and hissed "links sollst du gehen!" (left you go, left!).
		Then I connected the pain, the blow and the figure of the good-looking, well-dressed woman in uniform.
	www.zchor.org /birenbaum/women.htm (1289 words)

	Lenzing, Austria
		Her main boss was Mauthausen commandant Franz Ziereis who commanded all of the subcamps in Austria.
		Later Margarete Freinberger became an Oberaufseherin in the camp under Schmidt.
		Only one other female overseer is known today, Maria Kunik.
	www.creekin.net /c31-n11-lenzing-austria.html (370 words)

	Philadelphia Theatre Review; New City Stage Company's Angel: A Nightmare In Two Acts (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Less then two years later, Grese was transferred to the infamous Auschwitz Concentration Camp where her beauty, along with her cruel and mercerless treatment of prisoners, earned her the name "The Beautiful Beast".
		Rising to the rank of Oberaufseherin (Senior SS- Supervisor) she, along with other SS members, were captured at the Allied liberation of the Bergen-Belsen Concentration Camp.
		Tried for Crimes Against Humanity, she was found guilty and sentenced to death.
	www.phillytheatrereview.com /pastnews/06_07/ANGEL_A_NIGHTMARE/angel_a_nightmare.html (389 words)

	Irma Grese
		She later did a further spell at Ravensbrück and then went to
		Irma rose to the rank of Oberaufseherin (Senior SS-Supervisor) in the autumn of 1943, in day to day control of around 30,000 women prisoners, mainly Polish and Hungarian Jews.
		She was the second most senior female guard there.
	www.geocities.com /richard.clark32@btinternet.com/irma.html (1574 words)

	The Avalon Project : Nuremberg Trial Proceedings Vol. 6
		VAILLANT-COUTURIER: At Auschwitz there was a brothel for the SS and also one for the male internees of the staff, who were called "Kapo." Moreover, when the SS needed servants,
		they came accompanied by the Oberaufseherin, that is, the woman commandant of the camp, to make a choice during the process of disinfection.
		the Oberaufseherin would take out of the ranks.
	www.yale.edu /lawweb/avalon/imt/proc/01-28-46.htm (21061 words)

	The Belsen Trial. Trial of Joseph Kramer and 44 Others. Part V. Law-Reports of Trials of War Criminals. United Nations ...
		She had only been there a few days when she went to hospital, returning to work on the 23
		At Belsen she was Oberaufseherin and had to detail the Overseers to their various duties.
		Here again she never did more than slap prisoners’ faces.
	www.ess.uwe.ac.uk /WCC/belsen5.htm (5504 words)

	Excerpts from The Belsen Trial (5/5)
		Where did the order come from for what we call "selection parades"?
		-- That came by telephone from a RapportFührerin or from Oberaufseherin Dreschel.
		When the order came were you told what the parade was for?
	www.nizkor.org /hweb/camps/bergen-belsen/belsen-trial-05.html (2459 words)

	Testimony of Rodolf Hoess in the Nuremberg Trial
		MARX: How can you explain your very precise statistical knowledge, for instance, that 700,000 Jews arrived from Hungary?
		VAILLANT-COUTURIER: I told you that I have worked in the offices; and where Auschwitz was concerned, I was a friend of the secretary (the Oberaufseherin), whose name and address I gave to the Tribunal.
		MARX: It has been stated that only 350,000 Jews came from Hungary, according to the testimony of the Chief of the Gestapo, Eichmann.
	www.law.umkc.edu /faculty/projects/ftrials/nuremberg/vaillanttest.html (1441 words)

	The Belsen Trial - The trail of Commandant Josef Kramer and 44 others (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Despite her young age, Irma had achieved the rank of Oberaufseherin or Senior SS Overseer by the fall of 1943.
		Cranfield: Where did the order come from for what we call "selection parades"?
		She had only been there a few days when she had to go to the hospital, returning to work on the 23rd March, 1945.
	www.scrapbookpages.com /BergenBelsen/BergenBelsen09.html (5714 words)

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