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Topic: Objecthood

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	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Objecthood
		The leading theories on this admittedly-vague question have it that objects are either substances, which are in some sense distinct from their properties, or else no more than bundles of their properties.
		Moreover, if the notion of objecthood cannot be explained in terms of something else, then, given that it is a genuine notion at all, then it is a primitive concept[?].
		But it will not do to suggest that physical objecthood can be understood in terms of fundamental particles, such as quarks.
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/ob/Objecthood (611 words)

	Michael Fried, Art and Objecthood
		The objecthood of Minimal Art (and the fact that it does not transcend it) is a plea for theater.
		Its analysis of objecthood has to transcend the object to become pictorial, and true painting.
		Minimal art is at least an insightful comment on the classification of the arts and the importance of the human habits and the human measure.
	www.geocities.com /contemporaryparis/friedartandobjecthood.html (412 words)

	Encyclopedia: Objecthood (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The leading theories on this admittedly vague question have it that objects are either substances, which are in some sense distinct from their properties, or else no more than bundles of their properties.
		The bundle theory, a theory in metaphysics and ontology about objecthood, is the view that an object is a bundle, or collection, of properties.
		But it will not do to suggest that physical objecthood can be understood in terms of fundamental particles, such as quarks.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Objecthood (1052 words)

	Fine Art Debates
		Brecht's conception of a form of theatre that is strongly anti-illusory is not unlike the naked objecthood of high minimalism.
		Rather, it is possible to view the "objecthood" of art as a vital part of its visuality- a visuality that is dangerously uncertain from a verbal point of view.
		This is perhaps at the heart of the way in which art-objects are often portrayed as dangerous things - their unsubvertible "objecthood" means that they continue to escape the verbal structures of any theory that seeks to describe them.
	freespace.virgin.net /angela.peagram1/Debates.htm (1292 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		In ontology, objecthood is the state of being an object.
		One approach to defining objecthood is in terms of objects' properties and relations.
		The leading theories about objecthood are substance theory, wherein substances (objects) are distinct from their properties, and bundle theory, wherein objects are no more than bundles of their properties.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=object_(philosophy) (846 words)

	From Objecthood to Subject Matter: Yvonne Rainer's Transition from Dance to Film
		The first problem stemmed from a contradiction inherent in the creation of a minimalist dance aesthetic: namely, between the notion of objecthood that was central to minimalism in the visual arts on the one hand, and the personhood of the live performer on the other.
		Simple shapes, flat, primary colors, serial patterns, and the use of industrial materials were strategies the minimalists used to achieve this effect of objecthood, the purpose of which was to heighten the sense in the viewer of the work's literal time and space.
		The difference, however, was that while literalness in minimalist painting or sculpture was what allowed for a new, more direct relationship between art work and viewer, for Rainer it was a means to keep the work from addressing the viewer—to prevent the heightened sense of co-presence that Fried and others found in minimalist art.
	www.sensesofcinema.com /contents/01/18/rainer.html (4576 words)

	Art History and Archaeology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		My current thesis research is focused on contemporary artists whose work is vaguely curatorial (they deal with objects and spaces and they construct narratives), but always with a twist.
		In many ways, these fabrications involving the choreography of large and small-scale architectures, artefacts, pseudo-fictional narratives, urban landscapes, and even ineffable "materials" such as light and mist, move their audiences beyond the third dimension and into the fourth - that of time.
		Calle, Fleming and Lapointe, Nelson, Hunter, Cardiff, and Janssens' works, in their bodily encounter, their critical analysis, their published documentation, and their curatorial staging are richly problematic in the ways in which they force a reconsideration of the "art experience" and assignation of value to the art product.
	www.art.man.ac.uk /ARTHIST/student_profiles/duclos.html (255 words)

	Objecthood: A DichotomyCo-sponsored by Open Space Gallery, Victoria
		Since Duchamp, artists have been compelled to continue an investigation into the nature of the art object and analyze the degree to which a work of art is inextricably linked to the social structures that surround it.
		It is the notion of objecthood or materiality that offers a point of comparison for the installations of Randy Anderson and Alan Storey.
		Objecthood: A Dichotomy is a collaborative effort between Mercer Union and Open Space Gallery in Victoria, and was first presented at Open Space in May of this year.
	www.mercerunion.org /archive95/223.html (1022 words)

	Ronald Davis - Michael Fried
		A great deal, then, depends upon the power of the illusion; and it was, I believe, in order to achieve that power that Davis gave up working in paint on canvas and began to explore the possibility of making his new paintings in plastic.
		In any case, the fact that in his new paintings color is not applied to the surface in any way, but instead seems physically to lie somewhere behind it, makes the illusion of objecthood infinitely more compelling than would otherwise be the case.
		In Davis' new paintings the illusion of objecthood does not excavate the wall so much as it dissolves the ground under one's feet: as though experiencing the surface and the illusion independently of one another were the result of standing in radically different physical relations to them.
	www.abstract-art.com /abstraction/l5_wordings_fldr/f1_Fried_AF_artcl.html (1370 words)

	Untitled Document
		He used the term "objecthood" to describe art works (specifically minimal art) that made the viewer acutely aware of the separate physical reality between themselves and what they were looking at.
		He preferred work that was self-referential, hermetic, and resulted in the viewersÕ experiencing a sense of absorption where any distinction between subject /object would meld together in "presence." Due to the polemical nature of FriedÕs essay he presented these interactions as a mutually exclusive binary.
		As a result of this encounter I painted the series "Photograph/Mirror Hybrid Paintings (after a series of inebriated self-portraits by Wols)." These are a group of diptychs which explore the encounter of a generalized viewer with a portrait and specifically myself with these Wols portraits.
	members.shaw.ca /letsgetlost/sean_statement.html (657 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Greenberg's article "After Abstract Expressionism" (1962) and Fried's "Art and Objecthood" (1967) are, according to Kaye, the signal texts of modernism's institutionalization, the texts that provided a systematic theoretical basis for the various assumptions and attitudes that had long informed the American cultural scene.
		Greenberg argues in a para-Hegelian manner that the history and progress of modernist art is a march toward purification, a divesting of art of all extraneous material, culminating in the work of art realized as a wholly manifest, self-sufficient object.
		He argued that the Minimalist objects surrendered their objecthood by foregrounding the space that they occupied and the duration of the spectator's experience of observation.
	jefferson.village.virginia.edu /pmc/text-only/issue.195/review-5.195 (2653 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The reason the goals in (11), (12) are not a problem to the grammatical objecthood definition in (6) is because though they may appear to be inanimate, these goals are actually animate and sentient.
		Though it may turn out to be the case that entailed non-sentience captures some specific morphological or syntactic property in some language, for most morphological and syntactic phenomena the lack of entailment of sentience would probably suffice as a proto-patient property that stands in opposition to the proto-agent property of sentience.
		One P-Patient property is sufficient to ensure the grammatical objecthood of this argument in the underived form of the ingestive and in the causative.
	www-lfg.stanford.edu /bresnan/Joshi/Fn.Map.DOC (12636 words)

	One Woman
		In her analysis of Gina Pane’s 1975 performance Discours Mou et Mat, O’Dell marks the distinction between the pre-oedipal "natural body-object"(p27) and the socialized, oedipal subject and reminds us that the "interdependence of an individual’s objecthood and subjecthood is often eclipsed in the privileging of subjectivity"(p26).
		Part of the power of masochistic performance is its ability to revisit the psychology of early development when the body could be simultaneously "subject and object, same and different, self and other, active and passive, mobile and frozen"(p.
		The extent to which one’s body is at variance with the norm of socialization is the extent to which that subject retains objecthood and an awareness of "vulnerability"(p.27).
	onewoman.com /onewoman/essays/contract.html (1295 words)

	interdisciplines : Referring to Objects : Tracking objects, Tracking agents
		If this ontology is correct, the identity conditions of physical objects (including the bodies of human agents or animal organisms) can be explained on the basis of mind-independent causal properties and composition principles — such as chemical composition and genetic properties for living organisms, continuity criteria for objects in general, and so on.
		Let us call objecthood properties those properties — such as cohesion, continuity and impenetrability — which are criteria of physical objecthood, and which are directly relevant to the identification and re-identification of particular (physical) objects.
		Objecthood properties and criteria have been studied and discussed in both philosophy and psychology.
	www.interdisciplines.org /objects/papers/5 (6525 words)

	gs.reconsidering
		As hinge figures in suggesting new interpretive potentials for objecthood forty years after Fried’s critique was penned, artists Tony Smith and Robert Smithson provide clues to a reading of objecthood outside minimalism.
		Robert Smithson later interprets his colleague’s encounter as one of “sensation” and “de-differentiation” and suggests that what Smith experienced during his night-time drive on the unopened New Jersey Turnpike was a “state of mind in the ‘primary process’ of making contact with matter”.
		In the space of objecthood’s “threshold of instability” I argue that subjects and objects form momentary and contingent relationships of intersubjectivity that are not theatrical in the Friedian sense, but are closer to Smith’s conception of a reality that both relies upon and yet exists beyond the realm of the purely material.
	graphicstandards.org /reconsidering_objecthood.htm (368 words)

	[No title]
		A notion of ÔdeepÕ objecthood to explain any syntactic generalization is rare.
		As far as the individual proto-role properties are concerned, I used the same proto-agent properties as given in Dowty (1991), but I added a new proto-patient property to the list: the property of non-entailment of sentience, which stands in opposition to the Dowtian P-Agent property of (entailed) sentience.
		This addition explained the grammatical objecthood and logical objecthood of two types of arguments that do not possess any P-Patient properties given in Dowty (1991): the non-volitional argument of non-action volitional verbs and the stimulus in ÔlikeÕ verbs.
	www-lfg.stanford.edu /bresnan/Joshi/Conclusion.DOC (1533 words)

	Stephen Wright
		Romanticist aesthetics were founded upon a celebration of the fragment as opposed to the finished work; today, however, few artistic propositions make any such implicit reference to some absent totality.
		Conceptual artists like Joseph Kosuth replaced the term "work with the more value-neutral "proposition." Indeed, objecthood was one of the hotly debated categories in the art world in the 1960s, as avant-garde movements-notably Fluxus-sought to ward off any form of reification-and any reification of form-by categorically refusing the object.
		But whereas the avant-garde attacks were leveled primarily at the art object-what Marx referred to as the "absolute commodity," inasmuch as it is the very image of value-few artists today refuse the object, if for no other reason than that its simple refusal would be tantamount to a sort of mannerism.
	www.apexart.org /conference/Wright.htm (1758 words)

	Theory4395Wiki - Critical Observation Week 08_Susanne Bertsch
		Eisenman claims modernism for neglecting the fact of uncertainty, therefore modernism can be seen as failure.
		Objecthood could be compared with a location, signification a substitute for space.
		Eisenman uses in his earlier houses the strategy of dislocating the hierarchical signification, for example through setting the values for configurational elements such as solid, void, columns, walls on an equal level.
	www.uta.edu /architecture/wiki/theory4395/index.php?pagename=CriticalObservationWeek08_SusanneBertsch (376 words)

	Objecthood: An event structure perspective (ResearchIndex)
		If your firewall is blocking outgoing connections to port 3125, you can use these links to download local copies.
		Since transitive verbs necessarily have objects, a challenge for theories of transitivity is how to deal with the just-mentioned problems involving the semantic correlates of objecthood.
		In this paper I revisit these issues from a novel perspective, showing that the notion `object' of a transitive verb can be fruitfully explored in the context of recent work on the structure and representation of verb meaning and the licensing of arguments.
	citeseer.ist.psu.edu /levin99objecthood.html (676 words)

	[No title]
		This suggests that QM objects are not objects in the classical or everyday macroscopic sense, and generates a dilemma concerning their putative objecthood.
		One might hold that quantum particles are peculiar individuals: ones that appear to violate Leibniz’s principle of the identity of indiscernibles (PII).
		It is argued that these two different understandings suggested by QM with respect to the nature of objecthood are underdetermined by the theory.
	philsci-archive.pitt.edu /archive/00001058/00/Chakravartty.doc (4813 words)

	Guggenheim Museum - Singular Forms
		His sculptures use primary forms, such as the sphere and the cube, but unlike Donald Judd, Carl Andre, and other artists of his generation, Byars was interested in spiritual rather than phenomenological questions.
		In contrast to the Minimalists' austere industrial materials, which serve to call attention to the specificity and objecthood of their works, Byars employed precious materials such as gold and marble, with unblemished surfaces and soft, organic edges.
		Enigmatic works like The White Figure, first exhibited in an all-white chapel-like setting at Documenta IX in Kassel, Germany, reveal a striving for perfection and transcendence that is altogether alien to Minimalism.
	www.guggenheim.org /exhibitions/singular_forms/highlights_11a.html (240 words)

	Art Shona, Zimbabwean Sculpture, A huge Collection
		Historically in Africa, the significance of the carved object has been the material or spiritual function it has had outside its objecthood, and its association with ritual, ceremony, or material culture.
		The power of stone sculpture in Zimbabwe lies in its autonomous objecthood, it has never been regarded as an ethnographic specimen.
		Slowly in European eyes, these carved objects acquired a power which resided in their autonomous objecthood rather than one related to their function outside that objecthood.
	karaart.com /collections/shona/properties2.html (1308 words)

	interdisciplines : Referring to Objects : Tracking Agency
		These abilities suggest that infants’ early understanding of animate entities does not rely on the typical individuation principles and constraints on which the individuation of objects depends (p.7).
		Most studies have focused so far on the ability to distinguish animacy cues from objecthood cues, assuming that this distinction - resulting in significantly different observable patterns - is one of the main sources of infants’ early knowledge about animate beings as opposed to inanimate entities.
		If on the one hand, infants’ perceptual representation of objects has been largely studied, little is known, on the other hand, about infants’ perceptual representation of agents.
	www.interdisciplines.org /objects/papers/3/version/original (5811 words)

	Fried, Michael: Art and Objecthood
		Much acclaimed and highly controversial, Michael Fried's art criticism defines the contours of late modernism in the visual arts.
		This volume contains twenty-seven pieces, including the influential introduction to the catalog for Three American Painters, the text of his book Morris Louis, and the renowned "Art and Objecthood." Originally published between 1962 and 1977, they continue to generate debate today.
		These are uncompromising, exciting, and impassioned writings, aware of their transformative power during a time of intense controversy about the nature of modernism and the aims and essence of advanced painting and sculpture.
	www.press.uchicago.edu /cgi-bin/hfs.cgi/00/13311.ctl (341 words)

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