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Topic: Objectivity (science)

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Philosophy: Events Archive Simon Blackburn (Professor of Philosophy, University of Cambridge): "Objectivity and Truth: You'd Better Be Cheerful," 3/27/03 (funded by the Forry Fund in Philosophy and Science; part of the Objectivity in Science and Ethics Forry Lecture Series). Sharon Street (Instructor in Philosophy, NYU): "A Darwinian Dilemma for Realist Theories About Reasons," 11/15/02 (funded by the Forry Fund in Philosophy and Science; part of the Objectivity in Science and Ethics Forry Lecture Series). Thomas Nagel (Professor of Philosophy and Law, NYU): "Moral Realism and Moral Objectivity," 4/3/03 (funded by the Forry Fund in Philosophy and Science; part of the Objectivity in Science and Ethics Forry Lecture Series). www.amherst.edu /~philo/events/2001_2003.html   (450 words)

Starting from Marginalized Lives: A Conversation with Sandra Harding In his Beyond Objectivism and Relativism, he reviews the problems in a variety of different social science and philosophic tendencies that are associated with a notion of objectivity, and in each case it seems to come down to pretty much the same thing: the paradigms, the conceptual frameworks, within which methods are defined. Part of the challenge is working within the philosophy and social studies of the natural sciences because that emerged primarily as a critique of the Enlightenment ideals that are exactly encapsulated in Western philosophy, philosophy of science, and the natural sciences. Q.  Natural scientists have not always been receptive to the philosophy of science, and philosophers of science have not always been receptive to the insights of feminism. jac.gsu.edu /jac/15.2/Articles/1.htm   (13363 words)

Untitled Document In fact, taking 'objectivity' as a sort of beautiful primitive, self-evident in its value, and all-powerful in its revelatory power, requires careless philosophy, and the best workers in metaphysics, epistemology, and philosophy of science have made reworked definitions of 'objectivity' absolutely central to their own projects. Caneva, Kenneth, Objectivity, Relativism, and the Individual: A Role for a Post-Kuhnian History of Science, Studies in History and Philosophy of Science. It is concluded that the objectivity of scientific progress must be grounded on the fact (noted in Cohen 1980) that knowledge, not mere truth, is the aim of science. www.uab.edu /ethicscenter/2001bibliography.html   (7411 words)

Amazon.co.uk: Science, Values, and Objectivity (Pittsburgh-Konstanz Series in the Philosophy & History of Science): Books However, the contributors to Science, Values, and Objectivity recognize that such acknowledgment of the role of values does not negate the fact that objects exist in the world. As Science, Values, and Objectivity reveals, the connections and interactions between values and science are quite complex. Amazon.co.uk: Science, Values, and Objectivity (Pittsburgh-Konstanz Series in the Philosophy and History of Science): Books www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/0822942372   (466 words)

The doublespeak of Vedic science (Part XII of XII) On the strength of the argument that all "ethno-sciences" are equal, and that modern science has no greater claim to objectivity, Nandy has argued that modern science is the myth of the imperialist west, and astrology is the myth of the weak, who are the victims of the west. The leading trend in sociology of science in the last couple of decades has been to deny that modern science is a distinctive body of knowledge, which has succeeded in attaining higher standards of objectivity and reliability than other, pre-modern, magical-religious ways of understanding nature. Abusing the ideas of Thomas Kuhn and Paul Feyerabend, two well-known scholars of science, radical critics have claimed that non-western, traditional ways of knowing are as scientific in their social context as modern science is in the western context. www.hvk.org /articles/0601/102.html   (1168 words)

Majikthise : Journalism and objectivity Objectivity and disinterest are often conflated in discussions of journalistic ethics. Skepticism towards objectivity becomes troubling when people get so upset about the fact that their perspective is limited that they give up on the search for better epistemic standards. Part of the problem is that objectivity as a professional ideal in journalism doesn't necessarily match our ordinary or philosophical understandings of the term. majikthise.typepad.com /majikthise_/2005/10/journalism_and_.html   (2513 words)

Robert Fulford's column about objectivity in journalism Our predecessors in journalism were social climbers like everyone else, though fortunately they stopped short of calling our profession journalistic science. This method made science the governing intellectual style of modern times, and attracted the jealousy of other professions. The truly objective article would be chosen randomly and written in cold bureaucratic prose. www.robertfulford.com /Objectivity.html   (839 words)

Small Times: News about MEMS, Nanotechnology and Microsystems The proposed national nano ethics center excites David Berube, a communications professor and department head at the University of South Carolina, which recently received two related National Science Foundation (NSF) grants. Nano ethics expert David Berube says a center would ensure objectivity and substance. George Allen, R.-Va., who took over from Wyden as chairman of the Senate Science, Technology and Space subcommittee. www.smalltimes.com /document_display.cfm?document_id=6912   (752 words)

Michael Bérubé Online Proponents of objectivity in the social sciences claim that neutral, disinterested scholarship is the only medium by which we can obtain reliable knowledge in such fields as history, economics, anthropology, and sociology. Since the mC19, but especially in recent decades, social theorists have debated whether the standard of objectivity pertinent to the natural sciences, which pertains to things such as quasars and quarks, is appropriate to the social sciences, which involve things like kinship rituals, torture chambers, and parliamentary procedures. Because of his emphasis on the importance of “normal science” and the protocols under which it operates, Kuhn is not a relativist; on the contrary, he argues that there is such a thing as scientific “progress,” though he insists that it can only be gauged retrospectively, for it is not proceeding toward any preordained goal. www.michaelberube.com /EE/index.php/weblog/reality_based_community_news   (3835 words)

Hard science - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Thus the conclusions of hard science are seen to represent objective features of reality determined through concrete experiment (and sometimes thought experiments) by experimentalists with a rigorous training in specialized research methodology as interpreted by theoreticians who use their results. The advent of Behaviorism in the 1920s was in part an attempt to get around this stigma and to make psychology as "hard" as any other "hard science" by the means of banishing any non-quantifiable terms and concepts under the assumption that the internal life cannot be measured "objectively". In this model, the hard sciences are said to rely on experimental, quantifiable data or the scientific method and focus on accuracy and objectivity. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hard_science   (517 words)

Objectivity (philosophy) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia intersubjectivity or truth by agreement, but it is doubtful that such knowledge would be considered as attaining the precision experienced in the natural sciences (see scientific method), and would probably be referenced by a name other than "objectivity". In philosophy, objectivity is generally considered as the compatibility of propositions distinct and independent of propositional acts or attitudes. Objectivity is then the act of, or propensity for being objective, and is not the objective itself. en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Objectivity_(philosophy)   (543 words)

Value Objectivity These values are universal and objective to the extent that the contexts are, and our contexts vary widely from the global (treated in current science) to the individual (included in value science) and beyond. Science, despite claims to the contrary, is thus not value free. Two of the traditional defining criteria of science are the claims that it is objective and that it is value free. www.calresco.org /lucas/value.htm   (2537 words)

Objectivity Without Objectivism This kind of absolute knowledge does not yet exist in philosophy, but it does exist in many or perhaps all of the sciences (or portions thereof, such as mechanics with Newtonism and number theory with the Peano axioms). Whether we call it phenomenography, consilience, ontography, science, or simply objective knowledge, the process of building an ever-more accurate map of reality will be hard work. Philosophy, the contemplation of the unknown, is a shrinking dominion. www.saint-andre.com /thoughts/objectivity.html   (3406 words)

Values in Science Science (or technology) is sometimes viewed, first, as the panacea for all social problems and, second, as the exclusive or primary means for objectivity, even where other values are involved. Science proceeds through the agency of individuals and--not unexpectedly, perhaps--individual scientists express the values of their cultures and particular lives when they engage in scientific activity. In what follows, I survey broadly the relation of science and values, sample important recent findings in the history, philosophy and sociology of science, and suggest generally how to address these issues (this essay is adapted from Allchin, 1998). www1.umn.edu /ships/ethics/values.htm   (4395 words)

mod8.doc This is hardly the norm of objectivity that one associates with science but it does testify to the acutely social nature of the enterprise. Science is a labor process — abstraction, measurement, experiment, clinical trials, perhaps — which draws, among other things, on conceptual resources which are shared: concepts of heat, light, energy in the case of physics; concepts of stratification, igneous vs. sedimentary rocks, earth movements in the case of geology. Pure science of the disinterested sort continues but it is under increasing pressure. geog-www.sbs.ohio-state.edu /courses/G450/mod8.doc   (4451 words)

SPT v6n3: Paul Verbeek Phenomenology, therefore, should be reinterpreted as a philosophical approach in which human-world relationships are analyzed, as well as the constitution of subjectivity and objectivity within these relationships. Phenomenology developed in opposition to the positivist claim that the sciences can reveal what reality 'really' is. But it did so by holding that only phenomenology can reveal reality in its full and original richness of meaning. Science was seen as a reduced way of approaching reality, in which things can only be present in a very limited way: as 'objects' to be analyzed. scholar.lib.vt.edu /ejournals/SPT/v6n3/verbeek.html   (1920 words)

False Objectivity in Science Reporting - Center for American Progress Science is a highly partisan and politicized issue, and both sides in the climate debate claim scientific support for their positions. Science isn't a democracy, and in practice, one side in a scientific debate is often much more reputable than another. And while career science writers may be well informed about the issues they cover, they may also feel compelled by journalistic canons to present the "other side" even when scientists themselves have stopped taking that side seriously. www.americanprogress.org /site/pp.asp?c=biJRJ8OVF&b=67755   (1920 words)

Philosophy of Science and Objectivity When Rasch and Wright speak of specific objectivity, the separability theorem, sample-free instrumentation, instrument-free measurement or the convergence of items and persons in an MSCALE analysis, they are speaking of a realization of new potentials in the historical possibilities presented to us by science that have remained implicit until now. Workers such as Ludwig Wittgenstein and Martin Heidegger have changed the philosophy of science by showing that the conceptual status of things in language is of primary interest when the factuality of those things is in question. With the changes that have taken place in physics in this century, however, the historicality of what counts as a fact in the natural sciences has been made evident and has raised the problem of just what facts are if they can change from time to time. www.rasch.org /rmt/rmt22e.htm   (1240 words)

Philosophy of Science & the Impossiblity of Epistemological Neutrality & Objectivity Philosophy of Science and the Impossiblity of Epistemological Neutrality and Objectivity Philosophy of Science and the Impossibility of Epistemological "Neutrality" and "Objectivity" ic.net /~erasmus/RAZ520.HTM   (57 words)

Value-Free Science: Impossibility of Objectivity? Kincaid and a host of experts on values and science examined these complexities during a conference sponsored by the UAB Center for the Study of Ethics and Values in the Sciences last February. Kincaid and a host of other thinkers have put science itself under the microscope in recent years—and the result is a new view of scientific conclusions that were once considered absolute. We’re all familiar with situations wherein values and agendas compromise scientific objectivity—cases of overly ambitious researchers who skew outcomes, for instance, or research results that deepen the pockets of industry sponsors. main.uab.edu /show.asp?durki=41215   (715 words)

SS.htm At the level of Being, value free science - scientific objectivity - becomes possible because perception tends to be global or holistic. Maslow, A. The Psychology of Science: A Reconaissance. Science is rooted in the immediate sensing experience of the human organism. www.holisticeducator.com /SS.htm   (715 words)

Skeptical Inquirer: Anti-science postmodernism Sadly, the postmodernist rebellion against the dehumanizing abuses of technology mutated into an attack on the objectivity of science altogether, which is an entirely different matter. I was subjected to the postmodernist critique of science in only one portion of one lecture in a course on the history of the Unitarian and Universalist churches, a subject on which the teacher was quite knowledgeable. The demotion of science to politics really would constitute its annihilation; and so the perception, on the part of those scientists who take it seriously, that the New Cynicism is not merely mistaken, hut dangerously so, is correct. www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2843/is_5_28/ai_n6338463   (715 words)

Re-thinking Objectivity The press began to embrace objectivity in the middle of the nineteenth century, as society turned away from religion and toward science and empiricism to explain the world. Journalists (and journalism) must acknowledge, humbly and publicly, that what we do is far more subjective and far less detached than the aura of objectivity implies — and the public wants to believe. But in his 1998 book, Just the Facts, a history of the origins of objectivity in U.S. journalism, David Mindich argues that by the turn of the twentieth century, the flaws of objective journalism were beginning to show. www.cjr.org /issues/2003/4/objective-cunningham.asp   (5179 words)

SCIENCE & PHILOSOPHY Philosophy is just the pursuit of understanding of life and nature through "thinking" and this understanding is only possible, if at all through Science. It is commonly thought that understanding of mind, life, consciousness etc belonged to that vague discipline called "Mysticism" or religion and that science cannot, or should not try to deal with them. His insight is an enlightenment about objective reality and is not tangible through ordinary intuition but is amenable to the objective language of mathematics and physics, and to empirical observations of a very high sophistication. www.geocities.com /aparthib/sciphil.html   (18732 words)

The Objectivity Home Page It has attracted an enthusiastic readership of academic and independent intellectuals who prize rationality, objectivity, and modern science. Objectivity is a hardcopy journal established in 1990 by Stephen Boydstun. This cameo exhibits the intellectual level and the substantiality of articles in Objectivity. www.bomis.com /objectivity   (120 words)

Dictionary of Philosophy of Mind - objective Many debates in the contemporary philosophy of science and epistemology that hinge on the alleged objectivity of scientific knowledge employ the epistemic notion of the objective/subjective distinction. The difference between the metaphysical and epistemic notions of objectivity (and subjectivity) have to do with what the bearers of the properties of objectivity (and subjectivity) are. Rescher, N. Objectivity: The obligations of impersonal reason. www.artsci.wustl.edu /~philos/MindDict/objective.html   (564 words)

Max Weber's View of Objectivity in Social Science On objectivity and meaning: In Interpretation and Indeterminacy in Discourse Analysis, I argue a hard line: The exact meaning of a speaker's utterance in a contextualized exchange is often indeterminate. Moreover, if one accepts Weber's view that objectivity can be applied to social and economic problems only after a distinct value orientation has been established, it follows that political action does not corrupt a social scientist's objectivity as long as the scientist's perspective or values are explicitly acknowledged. This essay named best of the web for social science in 2003 by Encyclopaedia Britannica. www.criticism.com /md/weber1.html   (3407 words)

Voodoo science: Hazards Magazine 75 To preserve the appearance of independence, corporate interests rely on think tanks and advocates to give their positions on science issues the imprimatur of objectivity. Either way, corporate interests and their advocates seek to use science to lend legitimacy to their specious claims that the cause of RSIs is beyond the employer's control. What these contradictory and highly politicised uses of medical science share is the common desire by employers to minimise the costs of doing business by passing them on to labour. www.hazards.org /haz75/voodooscience.htm   (1304 words)

Text 1 Animal symbolism in Africa as a road to universal science : Thinking from women�s lives, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press; Harding, S., 1992, �After the neutrality ideal: science, politics and ��strong objectivity�� �, Social Research, 59: 567-587; Harding, S., 1993, ed., The �racial� economy of science: Toward a democratic future, Bloomington: Indiana University Press; Harding, S., 1994, �Is science multicultural? If we agree that animal classification is some form of inchoate science, it does not do to impose on any specific local systems the specific categorisation of another type of science notably that of cosmopolitan biology, but neither is it possible, in a comparative exercise, to do full justice to all the underlying local classifications. Let us now return to Harding�s claim that it is the world-wide mediation of scientific knowledge which persuades us to attribute to such knowledge universality even regardless of whether science would be entitled to claim such universality on the basis of internal epistemological considerations. www.shikanda.net /ancient_models/text1.htm   (1304 words)

Science - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch The developments of quantum mechanics in the early 20th century showed that observations are not independent of interactions, and the implications of wave-particle duality have challenged the traditional notion of "objectivity" in science. Science is practiced in university and other scientific institutes as well as in the field; as such it is a solid vocation in academia, but has also been practiced by amateur s, who typically engage in the observation al part of science. The term "science" is sometimes pressed into service for new and interdisciplinary fields that make use of scientific methods at least in part, and which in any case aspire to be systematic and careful explorations of their subjects, including computer science, library and information science, and environmental science. encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /science.htm   (1304 words)

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