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Topic: Obsidian use in Mesoamerica

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Obsidian

Mesoamerica

Ancient Mesoamerican agriculture

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Mayan civilization

Maya civilization

Teotihuacan Spider Woman

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	Obsidian
		Obsidian was a highly integrated part of daily and ritual life, and its widespread and varied use may be a significant contributor to Mesoamerica's lack of metallurgy.
		Against such a complex background, quantitative data on obsidian distribution in either the lowlands or the highlands will have limited predictive potential unless more precision is attained in the control of chronological and functional contexts of obsidian samples when they are analyzed for source provenience.
		Earlier depictions of obsidian is usually restricted to their appearance as dart, razors or lancets, and it is commonly believed that the material was not associated with weapons such as clubs or spears until later phases in Mesoamerica.
	www.authenticmaya.com /Obsidian.htm (1885 words)

	The Ultimate Obsidian use in Mesoamerica - American History Information Guide and Reference
		Obsidian is frequently seen in the form of ritual blood-letting devices as well as buried in elite tombs and special deposits or caches.
		In many Maya excavations evidence of obsidian is likewise found most frequently in privileged settings; as the Late Classic period progressed, obsidian changed from an elite item to one found in abundance among the lower classes of Maya civilization.
		Obsidian has both been seen as a key element to Teotihuacan's rise to power and as a side trade element that simply augmented their already developing wealth.
	www.historymania.com /american_history/Obsidian_use_in_Mesoamerica (1166 words)

	Obsidian Use In Mesoamerica Encyclopedia Information @ StardustMemories.com (Stardust Memories) (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Obsidian was a highly integrated part of daily and ritual life, and its widespread and varied use may be a significant contributor to Mesoamerica's lack of metallurgy.
		Obsidian was frequently used in ritualized autosacrifice (blood-letting) activities, serving as a substitute for stingray spines.
		Earlier depictions of obsidian is usually restricted to their appearance as razors or lancets, and it is commonly believed that the material was not associated with weapons such as clubs or spears until later phases in Mesoamerica.
	www.stardustmemories.com /encyclopedia/Obsidian_use_in_Mesoamerica (2838 words)

	NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Obsidian use in Mesoamerica (Site not responding. Last check: )
		However it is widely accepted that the application of obsidian cutting edges to larger weapons such as clubs or spears is a later innovation and earlier depictions of obsidian use are primarily shown as razors or lancets.
		Obsidian is used in cardiac surgery, as well-crafted obsidian blades have a cutting edge up to five times sharper than high-quality steel surgical scalpels, with the edge of the blade reaching veritable molecular thinness.
		Obsidian is also used for ornamental purposes and as a gemstone, for it possesses the peculiar property of presenting a different appearance according to the manner in which it is cut.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Obsidian-use-in-Mesoamerica (3232 words)

	Mesoamerica at AllExperts
		Mesoamerica is also the name of a linguistic area or sprachbund comprising the languages native to roughly the same geographical area.
		Mesoamerica remains today a region with an extremely rich cultural and linguistic diversity and the indigenous peoples of modern Mesoamerica carry on many of the traditions of their predecessors, in spite of 500 years of heavy pressure from the modern european civilization.
		Mesoamerica is described as the "daughter of maize", and would never have achieved its level of development without this crop.
	en.allexperts.com /e/m/me/mesoamerica.htm (4542 words)

	Beads, gemstones and jewelry making newsletter06/15/2007
		Obsidian was highly valued in certain Stone Age cultures because, like flint, it could be fractured to produce sharp blades or arrowheads.
		Obsidian is used in cardiac surgery, as well-crafted obsidian blades have a cutting edge up to five times sharper than high-quality steel surgical scalpels, with the edge of the blade reaching veritable molecular thinness.
		Obsidian is also used for ornamental purposes and as a gemstone, for it possesses the peculiar property of presenting a different appearance according to the manner in which it is cut.
	www.houseofgems.com /newsletters/News06152007.htm (470 words)

	Obsidian Summary
		Obsidian is mineral-like, but not a true mineral because it is not crystalline.
		Obsidian is used in cardiac surgery, as well-crafted obsidian blades have a cutting edge up to five times sharper than high-quality steel surgical scalpels, with the edge of the blade reaching veritable molecular thinness.
		Obsidian is also used for ornamental purposes and as a gemstone, for it possesses the peculiar property of presenting a different appearance according to the manner in which it is cut.
	www.bookrags.com /Obsidian (950 words)

	Teotihuacan: Pyramids of the Sun and the Moon \| Thematic Essay \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum of ...
		The Pyramids of the Sun and the Moon, echoing the shape of the mountains surrounding the valley, served as focal points for Teotihuacan's urban layout.
		The location and orientation of this cave may have been the impetus for the Pyramid of the Sun's alignment and construction.
		The Pyramid of the Moon, at the northern end of the Street of the Dead, was probably completed around 250 A.D. Recent excavations near the base of the pyramid staircase have uncovered the tomb of a male skeleton with numerous grave goods of obsidian and greenstone, as well as sacrificial animals.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/hd/teot2/hd_teot2.htm (462 words)

	Great sailfish sport-fishing trips, Guatemala saltwater charters, packages
		Use of chinampas: Also known as floating gardens, they were basically used in the Valley of Mexico even though they have been found in other places.
		Farming of the cacao plant (chocolate tree): cacao beans are of Mesoamerican origin and were used by the Mayas as currency and a symbol of wealth.
		Manufacture and use of clay projectiles, blowguns were used a long time ago to kill birds, nowadays slingshots are used.
	www.greatsailfishing.com /en/fishing-travel-agency.htm (3466 words)

	Obsidian information - Search.com
		Obsidian is relatively soft with a typical hardness of 5 to 5.5.
		Obsidian is commonly used for ornamental purposes and as a gemstone, for it possesses the peculiar property of presenting a different appearance according to the manner in which it is cut.
		Obsidian is currently used in cardiac surgery, as well-crafted obsidian blades have a cutting edge much sharper than high-quality steel surgical scalpels, and may even be up to five times sharper, the edge of the blade reaching veritable molecular thinness.
	domainhelp.search.com /reference/Obsidian (726 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Obsidian
		Obsidian is a rock which is a type of naturally occurring glass, produced by volcanoes (igneous origin) when a felsic lava cools rapidly and freezes without sufficient time for crystal growth (see glass transition temperature).
		Obsidian was highly valued in certain Stone Age cultures because, like flint, it could be fractured to produce sharp blades or arrowheads.
		Obsidian was also used in the construction of the Moai (the large stone statues on Easter Island).
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Obsidian (673 words)

	Obsidian at AllExperts
		Obsidian is a type of naturally occurring glass, produced by volcanoes (igneous origin) when a felsic lava cools rapidly and freezes without sufficient time for crystal growth (see glass transition temperature).
		Obsidian is mineral-like, but not a true mineral because it is not crystalline.
		Tektites were once thought by many to be obsidian produced by lunar volcanic eruptions, though few scientists now adhere to this hypothesis.
	en.allexperts.com /e/o/ob/obsidian.htm (636 words)

	Obsidian (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Obsidian is a type of naturally occurring glass, produced from volcanoes when the right kind of lava cools rapidly, e.g., by flowing into a body of water.
		Small nuggets of obsidian that have been naturally rounded and smoothed by wind and water are called "apache tears." Obsidian is relatively soft with a typical hardness of 5 to 5.5.
		Obsidian is commonly used for ornamental purposes, for it possesses the peculiar property of presenting a different appearance according to the manner in which it is cut.
	www.websters-dictionary-online.net /Ob/Obsidian.html (2155 words)

	Mesoamerica information - Search.com (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Mesoamerica is also a canonical example of a linguistic area: all of the major Mesoamerican languages show some subset of a pool of common traits, despite being made up of many different language families.
		Mesoamerica's economy and geopolitics benefited from extensive use of a lingua franca, the Nahuatl language, since at least the 7th century, and perhaps going back as far as 2,000 years.
		The "Resurrection of the Mesoamerica soul" is a concept invoked in the current global study of the Zapatista.
	c10-ss-1-lb.cnet.com /reference/Mesoamerica (506 words)

	Mesoamerica - Article about Mesoamerica
		The term Mesoamérica is used to refer to a geographical region that extends roughly from the Tropic of Cancer in central Mexico down through Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, and Nicaragua to northwestern Costa Rica, and which is characterized by the particular cultural homogeneity that the indigenous cultures in this region exhibit.
		The name Mesoamerica was first used by the German ethnologist Paul Kirchhoff to refer to a region of similar cultures characterized by the practice of agriculture and a sedentary lifestyle.
		Mesoamerica was not home to any herd animals which are especially suited for domestication, so hunting remained important all the way until colonial times.
	yawiki.org /proc/Mesoamerica (4283 words)

	Obsidian Hydration Dating
		Obsidian, or volcanic glass, is formed by the rapid cooling of silica-rich lava.
		It may be used in two ways: as a relative dating method to determine if one artifact is older or younger than another, or as an absolute dating method where a calendar date (AD/BC) is produced.
		Obsidian hydration dating is based on the fact that a fresh surface is created on a piece of obsidian in the tool manufacturing, or flintknapping, process.
	id-archserve.ucsb.edu /Anth3/Courseware/Chronology/10_Obsidian_Hydration.html (1217 words)

	Obsidian
		Obsidian was highly valued in certain Stone Age cultures because, like flint, it could be fractured to produce sharp blades or arrowheads.
		Obsidian is used in cardiac surgery, as well-crafted obsidian blades have a cutting edge up to five times sharper than high-quality steel surgical scalpels, with the edge of the blade reaching veritable molecular thinness.
		Obsidian is also used for ornamental purposes and as a gemstone, for it possesses the peculiar property of presenting a different appearance according to the manner in which it is cut.
	obsidian.zdnet.co.za /zdnet/Obsidian (1378 words)

	Obsidian Terminology
		Obsidian is a naturally-occurring volcanic glass and is probably one of the most widely recognized rocks or minerals.
		Though the composition of obsidians is variable, the vast majority are rhyolitic in composition, the reason for this being related to the high viscosity of high-silica melts.
		The color of obsidian is related largely to the degree of crystallinity of the glass and the mineral phase of some of the crystalline components of the glass.
	www.obsidianlab.com /terminology.html (2616 words)

	ipedia.com: Mesoamerica Article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Mesoamerica is the region extending from central Mexico south through the northwestern border of Costa Rica that gave rise to a group of stratified, culturally related agrarian civilizations spanning...
		Mesoamerica is the region extending from central Mexico south through the northwestern border of Costa Rica that gave rise to a group of stratified, culturally related agrarian civilizations spanning an approximately 3,000-year period before the discovery of the New World by Columbus.
		In some writings from the 1920s and 1930s the alternative term Middle America was used to refer to Mesoamerica, but that acception of the term has generally fallen out of favor, see Middle America.
	www.ipedia.com /mesoamerica.html (229 words)

	obsidian
		It was widely used in the stone Age to make sharp tools, and minerals that fracture in th...
		However, subsequent discoveries have made it clear that Mycenae was not the chief center of Aegean civilization in its earlier stages (or perhaps at any period), and accordingly it is more usual now to use the more general geographical title.
		Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve is a national monument and national preserve located in the Snake River Plain in central Idaho near Arco, Idaho.
	www.experiencefestival.com /obsidian (2180 words)

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