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| | Nat' Academies Press, Fourth Dimension in Building: Strategies for Avoiding Obsolescence (1993) |
 | | Avoiding obsolescence or minimizing its costs can be accomplished through actions in planning and programming; design; construction; operations, maintenance, and renewal; and retrofiting or reuse of a facility (throughout the facility life cycle). |
 | | In particular cases in which buildings may be obsolescent because they have barriers to access by disabled persons or fail to meet other newly enacted regulations, owners or users may call on architects or other appropriate professionals to determine the extent of the problem. |
 | | As has been explained, extending service life and avoiding obsolescence are concerns that should be addressed not only before a structure is built—during design and procurement—but also after it is completed, through operations, maintenance, and refurbishment to accommodate functional, technical, economic, and social and political change. |
| www.nap.edu /books/0309048427/html/31.html (7454 words) |
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