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Topic: Obstetric ultrasonography

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	Medical ultrasonography - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Ultrasonography can be enhanced with Doppler measurements, which employ the Doppler effect to assess whether structures (usually blood) are moving towards or away from the probe.
		This is particularly useful in cardiovascular studies (ultrasonography of the vasculature and heart) and essential in many areas such as determining reverse blood flow in the liver vasculature in portal hypertension.
		Medical ultrasonography was invented in 1953 at Lund University by cardiologist Inge Edler and Carl Hellmuth Hertz, the son of Gustav Ludwig Hertz, who was a graduate student at the department of nuclear physics.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ultrasonography (1146 words)

	Obstetric ultrasound -- a comprehensive guide to ultrasound scans in pregnancy
		Obstetric Ultrasound is the use of ultrasound scans in pregnancy.
		Ultrasonography has become indispensible in the localization of the site of the placenta and determining its lower edges, thus making a diagnosis or an exclusion of placenta previa.
		In this situation, ultrasonography is invaluable in determining the number of fetuses, the chorionicity, fetal presentations, evidence of growth retardation and fetal anomaly, the presence of placenta previa, and any suggestion of twin-to-twin transfusion.
	ob-ultrasound.net (3023 words)

	Medical ultrasonography - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		This is particularily useful in cardiovascular studies (ultrasonography of the vasculature and heart) and essential in many areas such as determining reverse blood flow in the liver vasculature in portal hypertension.
		Medical ultrasonography was invented in 1953 at Lund University by cardiologist and Carl Hellmuth Hertz, the son of Gustav Ludwig Hertz, who was a graduate student at the department for nuclear physics.
		With the opening of the new on in 1964, it became possible to improve these methods even further.
	www.hartselle.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Ultrasonography (1158 words)

	Education: Basics of ultrasonography
		Ultrasonography should be the initial investigation in patients with abdominal pain or a mass.
		Ultrasonography is the initial investigation of choice in conditions such as haematuria, a possible renal mass, and bladder outflow obstruction due to an enlarged prostate.
		Ultrasonography is an effective method of detecting clots and reduced flow in larger vessels of patients with deep vein thrombosis.
	www.studentbmj.com /back_issues/0896/08ed1.htm (2252 words)

	Obstetrics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Obstetrics is the surgical specialty dealing with the care of a woman and her offspring during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium (the period shortly after birth).
		Almost all modern obstetricians are also gynaecologists; see Obstetrics and gynaecology.
		In obstetric practice, the obstetrician will see a pregnant woman on a regular basis as her pregnancy progresses.
	www.bidprobe.com /en/wikipedia/o/ob/obstetrics.html (666 words)

	Medical ultrasonography
		Ultrasonography is widely utilized in medicine, primarily in gastroenterology, cardiology, gynecology and obstetrics, urology and endocrinology.
		It is possible to perform diagnostic or therapeutic procedures with guidance of ultrasonography display (for instance biopsy).
		In obstetrics, ultrasound is used to visualise the baby in the womb.
	www.ukpedia.com /m/medical-ultrasonography.html (451 words)

	Obese obstetric patients medlin1
		Obstetric complications were minimal, and there were no premature or low birth weight infants.
		The pharmacokinetic profile of R is organ-independent and the dosing regimen must be regulated in elderly patients by reducing the bolus and infusion doses, and in obese subjects by calculating the intravenous dosages as a function of age and lean body mass.
		RESULTS: In the overweight patients, the frequency of induction of labor (25%) and of obstetrical analgesia (82%) was significantly higher than in the control group (respectively 7% and 64%), as well as the average duration of labour and the average duration of the rupture of the membranes.
	www.tabebak.com /obese_obstetric_patients_medlin1.htm (9427 words)

	Ultrasonography: Recommendations for its appropriate use in routine antenatal care in Nigeria - O.S. Sotiloye
		Obstetric ultrasonography has grown in popularity over the last thirty years and is fast becoming a standard component of antenatal care.
		To use ultrasonography to provide our clients with the most appropriate and effective level of obstetric care, it is important that not only are practitioners trained in the appropriate use of this equipment, but also its use is governed by guidelines.
		Obstetric cost is not borne by the employer or government so any extra cost must be meaningful and worthwhile for the poor family.
	www.gfmer.ch /Endo/Course2003/Ultrasound_antenatal_care_Nigeria.htm (6162 words)

	Randomized Controlled Trials
		Ultrasonography screening also had no significant impact on survival rates among infants with potentially treatable, life-threatening anomalies despite the opportunity to take precautionary measures such as delivery in a tertiary center.
		The recent RADIUS study, which has concluded that routine obstetric ultrasound is of no clinical benefit, is critically analyzed, focusing on four areas: the applicability of the results to the general population, the appropriateness of the outcome parameters, the quality of the ultrasound provided, and the issue of excessive cost.
		A retrospective study of routine ultrasound in a population of 6,869 pregnancies was performed during 1985-86 (phase 1) to establish efficacy of ultrasound in the detection of fetal anomalies.
	www.ctfphc.org /Lit_Searches/Ultrasound.html (10997 words)

	Obstetric Ultrasonography
		Obstetric ultrasonography is the application of medical ultrasonography to...
		The introduction of obstetric ultrasonography in the early 1970s led to a marked...
		Obstetric ultrasonography is yet another procedure that is taught in many family practice residencies.
	www.obstetricultrasonography.info (384 words)

	American Family Physician: AAFP issues position paper on diagnostic obstetrics-gynecology ultrasonography by family ...
		The clinical impact of diagnostic ultrasonography in pregnancy is primarily due to the fact that it provides significant biophysical, anatomic and biometric information to physicians in a noninvasive manner.
		Obstetric ultrasound courses organized and presented by family physicians and sponsored through the AAFP have been presented since 1989.
		Use of diagnostic ultrasonography in the emergency department is becoming recognized as clinically important.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3225/is_n8_v53/ai_18408782 (1108 words)

	Faculty
		The Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology is headed by a chairman appointed by the Hospital Commander after receiving the report of the Hospital Search Committee (appointed by the Chairman of the Hospital Education Committee) and in consultation with the Consultant to the Surgeon General for Obstetrics and Gynecology.
		Obstetric inpatients are managed during the day by the residents on the OB service and during nights and weekends by the on-call team.
		An exceptional experience in high-risk obstetrics is ensured due to the presence of the Maternal Fetal Medicine Fellowship and faculty, with a steady referral supply from throughout the Northwest and Alaska of complex obstetrical patients.
	www.mamc.amedd.army.mil /ObGyn/Grad_med_edu.htm (4125 words)

	American Family Physician: Obstetric ultrasound in family practice - Editorial
		The issue is not whether family physicians should perform obstetric ultrasonography but what training they should have, who should give the training and how ultrasonographic skills should be assessed.
		The exclusion of the family physician from performing obstetric ultrasonography is not supported by any data and the ability of family physicians to learn, appropriately obtain and accurately interpret obstetric ultrasonograms has been well documented.[2]
		Obstetric ultrasound is a valuable adjunct to the practice of family physicians who offer prenatal care.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m3225/is_n1_v51/ai_16372211 (690 words)

	Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Antiphospholipid Antibodies
		Obstetric ultrasonography: a biophysical consideration of patient safety - the "rules" have changed
		This article provides some guidance to the obstetrician in the interpretation of the new FDA 2 on-screen indexes and for a look at the current status of ultrasonography biophysics as it relates to ultrasonography as a diagnostic office procedure for obstetrics.
		It is now suspected that undesirable bioeffects may occur in vivo in patients exposed to the acoustic fields of today¹s modern ultrasonography.
	www.ivf-et.com /tlc/obus.html (388 words)

	Medical Specialty Books - Obstetric Ultrasound 1 (Oxford Medical Publications) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Obstetric ultrasound is a rapidly developing field which involves a variety of professional groups.
		The series therefore includes contributions from a range of relevant fields, including obstetrics, radiology and sonography, medical physics, genetics, and pathology.
		Relevant to all professionals involved in obstetric ultrasound, this series will provide a current assessment of an increasingly complex subject.
	www.books-n-such.com /specialties/u/Ultrasonography/Obstetric_Ultrasound_1_Oxford_Medical_Publications__0192622242.htm (144 words)

	usobs-i (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		The transvaginal approach is used in the first trimester of pregnancy to visualize the cervix, the uterus, gestational sac, embryo and other deep pelvic structures.
		Ultrasonography has become indispensible in the diagnosis or exclusion of placenta previa, and other placental abnormalities as in diabetes, fetal hydrops,Rh isoimmunization and severe intrauterine growth retardation.
		Ultrasonography is good in determining the number of fetuses and their presentations, evidence of growth retardation and fetal anomaly, the presence of placenta previa, and any suggestion of twin-to-twin transfusion.
	www.geocities.com /raioxis/usobs-i.htm (871 words)

	Obstetrics and Gynaecology Page for Hoslink and Australian Pathlink
		Simon Kipersztok, M.D. ASSISTANT PROFESSOR Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Florida skiper@obgyn.med.ufl.edu P.O. Dr. Simon Kipersztok is a Reproductive Endocrinologist in the Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of Florida College of Medicine.
		Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Bristol University of Bristol.
		Obstetrics and Gynaecology The Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology is headed by Professor Peter Soothill with separate groups of Reproductive Medicine and Feto.
	www.hoslink.com /OBSGYNAE.HTM (3276 words)

	Resource Library: Assessment of Risk Factors for Preterm Birth
		Obstetric tools to identify patients at risk for preterm labor may be most helpful in identifying women at low risk.
		Widespread screening for risk of preterm labor is not beneficial in the general obstetric population.
		Ultrasonography to determine the cervical length and/or fetal fibronectin screening may be useful in determining who is at high risk for preterm labor, but the benefit may be mainly to rule out those who are not at high risk for preterm birth.”
	www.modimes.org /prematurity/5196_5793.asp (243 words)

	ASUM DMU Overview
		The Diploma of Medical Ultrasonography is awarded by the Council of the Australasian Society for Ultrasound in Medicine (ASUM) after satisfactory academic achievement including a period of practical training and examination.
		OBSTETRIC - anatomy (sectional and gross anatomy of organ systems and structures that can be demonstrated using ultrasound), embryology, general principles of pathology, physiology of conception and pregnancy, basic understanding of relevant organ and system function with an emphasis on normal obstetrics.
		OBSTETRIC - recognise and identify the normal sonographic appearances and abnormalities of the embryo and fetal anatomical structures during the first, second and third trimester; fetal position and lie, cardiac activity, age measurements, and growth; placenta; umbilical cord; amniotic fluid; assessment of fetal well being; Doppler; prenatal diagnosis and the maternal pelvis.
	www.asum.com.au /open/dmu_overview.htm (735 words)

	ultrasound (obstetric) - General Practice Notebook (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Obstetric ultrasonography is the most important development in obstetrics since the introduction of antibiotics.
		Before ultrasound scans the practitioner's hands and tapemeasure were the only ways to assess the size and position of the foetus.
		Oxbridge Solutions Ltd® is an independent company owned by the authors which does not receive income from any other organisation or individual.
	www.gpnotebook.co.uk /cache/-858783709.htm (155 words)

	Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital \| Research Institute
		Modern diagnostic laboratories with the Department of Clinical Immunology meeting international standards of quality, are fully supplied with the most sophisticated and up-to-date equipment.
		Specialists from the Department of Obstetric Ultrasonography apply successfully intrauterine therapy in the fetus which is a completely unique achievement.
		Department of Endocrinology covers the whole spectrum of hormone pathology in children, adolescents and in adult patients.The breast diseases are diagnosed comprehensively by team of radiologists, pathologists and oncologists and treated in the Department of Oncological Surgery and Breast Diseases.
	www.iczmp.edu.pl /m_oiioe1.htm (382 words)

	Inge Edler and Carl Hertz, history of ultrasonography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		In 1953, Inge Edler was in charge of the Cardiology Department at the University Hospital, Lund, Sweden and was in the position responsible for the preoperative diagnosis of heart disease.
		Akf Sjovall, then professor of obstetrics and gynecology, agreed with Leksell and Elder in 1957 (over the lunch table) that the usefulness of the echo method in early pregnancy should be investigated.
		This constituted as the earliest "textbook" on ultrasonography in Obstetrics and Gynecology, covering equipment, examination techniques, biological effects and A-scan and B-scan images.
	www.ob-ultrasound.net /ingehertz.html (1295 words)

	Telemedicine and fetal ultrasonography in a remote Newfoundland community -- Reddy et al. 162 (2): 206 -- Canadian ...
		The authors are with the Telemedicine Centre, Disciplines of Radiology and Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Nfld., and the M.J. Boylen Hospital, Baie Verte, Nfld.
		Guidelines for the performance of ultrasound examination in obstetrics and gynaecology [policy statement no 30].
		Telemedicine and fetal ultrasonography: assessment of technical performance and clinical feasibility.
	www.cmaj.ca /cgi/content/full/162/2/206 (793 words)

	eMedicine - Evaluation of Gestation : Article by Max Mongelli, MD
		Before the advent of pregnancy tests and ultrasonography, quickening was often the method by which a suspected pregnancy was confirmed; however, at present, it has little diagnostic value.
		The introduction of obstetric ultrasonography in the early 1970s led to a marked improvement in the evaluation of fetal and placental anatomy, as well as fetal growth.
		Other documented benefits of obstetric ultrasonography include a reduction in perinatal mortality, the detection of multiple pregnancies and fetal abnormalities, and the identification of placenta previa.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic3236.htm (2255 words)

	Telemedicine and fetal ultrasonography in a remote Newfoundland community -- Reddy et al. 162 (2): 206 -- Canadian ...
		Telemedicine and fetal ultrasonography in a remote Newfoundland community -- Reddy et al.
		Telemedicine and fetal ultrasonography in a remote Newfoundland community
		ultrasonography with the use of live video telemedicine is compatible
	www.ecmaj.com /cgi/content/full/162/2/206 (793 words)

	A pilot study of time allocation and reimbursement for routine obstetric ultrasonography -- Stewart et al. 20 (9): 973 ...
		A pilot study of time allocation and reimbursement for routine obstetric ultrasonography -- Stewart et al.
		A pilot study of time allocation and reimbursement for routine obstetric ultrasonography
		Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hutzel Hospital, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
	www.jultrasoundmed.org /cgi/content/abstract/20/9/973 (326 words)

	Femalepatient.com
		Second-trimester ultrasonography can also be used to screen for Down syndrome, although investigators have questioned its utility because of high false-positive rates and unclear detection value.
		Accurate estimation of gestational age and identification of amnionicity and chorionicity in multifetal gestations are additional well-described benefits of first-trimester ultrasonography.
		Stephen T. Chasen, MD, is assistant professor of obstetrics and gynecology; Daniel W. Skupski, MD, is associate professor of obstetrics and gynecology; and Frank A. Chervenak, MD, is professor and chairman of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Weill Medical College of Cornell University in New York City, NY.
	www.femalepatient.com /html/arc/sel/sept02/article01.asp (3071 words)

	Lazer Beams: Obstetric sonography - friend or foe? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-08-19)
		Ultrasound Magazine, a strong proponent of obstetric ultrasonogarphy, published an article entitled, "The role of ultrasound imaging in diagnosing and investigating early pregnancy failure" in their April, 2005 online issue.
		Ultrasound parameters combined with maternal serum hormone levels, maternal age, smoking habits, obstetric history and the occurrence of vaginal bleeding have all been combined in multivariate analyses, with mixed results." In other words, the doctors are guessing.
		In practical terms, if an expectant mother is in her mid thirties or older, and the doctor doesn't think that the sonogram looks perfect, he's likely to advise her to abort.
	lazerbrody.typepad.com /lazer_beams/2005/06/obstetric_ultra.html (1372 words)

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