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Topic: Occupation of Baltic Republics

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	Occupation of Baltic Republics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This term is generally used for the Soviet occupation of the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) in the first phases of World War II.
		The result was that all three Baltic states had communist majorities in their parliaments, and in August these three parliaments appealed to the Soviet government to become parts of the Soviet Union.
		Three Baltic States in 1940-1991 continued to exist as states de jure according of international law all time of its factual occupation and annexation.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Occupation_of_Baltic_Republics (1665 words)

	Baltic Republics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		After a period of German belligerent occupation from 1941 to 1944-1945, the three countries were re-integrated as constituent parts by the Soviet Union.
		The sixteen (after 1956, fifteen) Soviet Socialist Republics (SSR) that made up the USSR in the post-War period, including (according to Soviet law) the three Baltic Republics, formally kept a form of sovereignty, retaining the option to leave the Union.
		According to Soviet law, the three local languages (Estonian, Latvian, Lithuanian) had the status of official languages in the three respective "Republics" and they were used in schools and local administrative apparatus in parallel with Russian (which was the official language of whole USSR in all but name).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Baltic_Republics (490 words)

	ARCHIVE: List Of Belligerent Military 'Occupations' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Occupation of parts of Finland during the Winter War by the Soviet Union.
		Occupation of the Italian colony of Eritrea by the Allies in 1941 until status changed to British protectorate.
		Occupation of the Philippines by Spain and The U.S. Occupation of Borneo
	freepress2005.blogspot.com /2005/03/list-of-belligerent-military.html (502 words)

	Dissent in the Baltic Republics - A Balance Sheet
		The human rights and dissident movement in the Baltic Republics of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania is distinguished from its counterpart in Moscow by a strong nationalistic component and a broad mass support base.
		In the Baltic Republics, besides the basic human rights concerns (freedom of religion, speech, association, emigration, etc.), also of intense, even of paramount concern is the internationally accepted collective right of national self-determination.
		Dissent in the Baltic Republics, which began at the end of the 1960s, also appears to be ebbing as a result of decimation of dissident ranks by the KGB and the lack of progress in fulfilling the human rights promises of the Helsinki Accords.
	www.lituanus.org /1984_2/84_2_01.htm (7099 words)

	OCCUPATION OF BALTIC REPUBLICS FACTS AND INFORMATION
		This term is generally used for the Soviet occupation of the Baltic_states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) in the first phases of World_War_II.
		After moving Red_Army units into the Baltic states, the Soviet Union tried to occupy Finland by force in the Winter_War of 1940, but had to settle for annexing Finnish_Karelia and renting an isolated base in Hanko at the southwestern cape of Mainland Finland.
		Germany occupied the Baltic Republics after ''Operation_Barbarossa'' commencing the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941.
	www.witwib.com /Occupation_of_Baltic_Republics (1575 words)

	Anti-Semitism Worldwide 1997/8 - BALTIC REPUBLICS
		At the beginning of 1998, the Jewish population of the three Baltic republics was about 29,000: 16,000 in Latvia, 9,600 in Lithuania, and 3,400 in Estonia.
		The Baltic republics have a long tradition of anti-Semitism, beginning with official discrimination against Jews in the short period of their independence between the wars, and ending with the time of the Nazi occupation, and even prior to it, when many local residents played a large part in the destruction of the Jewish communities.
		On the one hand, they claim that, during the Nazi occupation, Latvia, as a sovereign country, did not exist from 1941-44, that the mobilization of Latvians into the SS was forced on the country by the Germans, and that these were front-line soldiers fighting the Soviet enemy and not involved in murdering Jews.
	www.tau.ac.il /Anti-Semitism/asw97-8/baltic.html (1734 words)

	The Baltic Republics of the Soviet Union
		Bookstores and presses in the Baltic republics were taken over, which allowed the Soviets to control the materials that were printed.
		More importantly, the peoples of the Baltic republics did little to hinder the advance of the German invasion, seen by many as a way to break away from the Soviet Union and return to their independence.
		The deaths during the German occupation and the reentry of the Soviet armies have been counted to be close to one million.
	depts.washington.edu /baltic/papers/sovietun.html (2522 words)

	Pravda.RU Baltic Republics Will Be Offered to Return Soviet Investments (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		In fact, the USSR had founded the present-day industrial and transport infrastructure in the Baltic republics, and secured the highest possible standard of well-being to the population of the republics within decades.
		When the contingents of Soviet troops were withdrawn from the territory of the Baltic republics, the governments of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania got expensive military objects practically for free.
		Transdniestria, the self-proclaimed republic, which is part and parcel of Moldavia, received 40 Russian army trucks from the garage of a local Russian task force.
	english.pravda.ru /cis/2002/12/20/41116.html (3251 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The new Council of the Republics will be able to veto laws passed by the Council of the Union, republics will be able to suspend USSR laws in conflict with their constitutions, and any constitutional amendments will have to be approved by the republican Supreme Soviets.
		The wording of the decree has not yet been finalized, but is expected to note the illegal occupation of the Baltic republics in 1940 and recognize the current territorial borders.
		Hogg suggested that Baltic security would be better served by developing relations with Moscow and the Soviet republics while protecting the rights of ethnic minorities.
	gee.cs.oswego.edu /pub/COUP/RLA/91-169.RLA (2931 words)

	National Review: Sentence: life - the Baltic Republics
		The description of the "Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic" that appears in the new edition of the Encyclopedia Britannica was, aappropriately enough, written in part by an official of the Latvian SSR Academy of Sciences, Pyotr Vatslavovich Gulyan.
		The Baltics suffer from a misfortune of geography.
		She could not have known, however, of the Soviet ultimatums to all the Baltic countries, or known that all Baltic ports were blockaded by Soviet ships, that telephone connections with the outside world were monitored and controlled.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1282/is_v37/ai_3868619 (1399 words)

	RIA Novosti - Opinion & analysis - THE "OCCUPATION" OF BALTIC COUNTRIES AND THE PRAGMATIC U.S.
		THE "OCCUPATION" OF BALTIC COUNTRIES AND THE PRAGMATIC U.S. MOSCOW (Alexei Makarkin, for RIA Novosti) - U.S. President George Bush wrote in a letter to his Latvian colleague, Vaira Vike-Freiberga, that the end of World War II signified the beginning of the occupation of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
		The U.S. did not recognize the integration of the Baltic states into the Soviet Union in 1940 and publicly denounced it, unlike the Europeans, who did nothing of the kind.
		The Americans did not mention the occupation during Gorbachev's perestroika, when their main objective was to ensure the reunification of Germany on their terms (with NATO membership) and to dismantle the Warsaw Pact without provoking the resistance of the Russian bear, who could have acted unpredictably if had been labeled an occupier.
	en.rian.ru /analysis/20050505/39890538.html (822 words)

	National Catholic Reporter: Pope visits Baltics amid promise, perils (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		PRAGUE, Czech Republic -- Pope John Paul's trip to the Baltic republics of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia is his 61st outside Italy and his first ever to the former Soviet Union.
		Brazauskas, leader of the Lithuanian Communist Party in the Soviet period, became the first communist to be elected as head of state in the former Soviet Union.
		The trip to the Baltics says: Don't be afraid; a papal visit to Moscow would not be subversive.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1141/is_n40_v29/ai_13286017 (1068 words)

	World - PRAVDA.Ru
		Latvian officials forgot that Russia had already paid the foreign debt of the former Soviet Republic of Latvia A lot of skeptic observers say that Latvia...
		Border treaty was ruined by lack of coordination between the Estonian government and parliament The Ambassador of Estonia to Russia was summoned to the...
		The two Baltic states ignore Russia's invitation to visit Moscow for celebrations The presidents of two Baltic states, Lithuania and Estonia, turned...
	english.pravda.ru /world/20/92/372 (817 words)

	Unasylva - Vol. 3, No. 3 - Commodity reports - Plywood (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		U.S.S.R. The plywood industry in the U.S.S.R., located chiefly in the western and northeastern areas of the Russian Soviet Federated Socialist Republic and in the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, is reported to have suffered heavily from war and occupation.
		Before the war, world export trade in plywood was dominated by Finland which exported about 30 percent of the total, by the U.S.S.R. which exported about 25 percent, and by Poland and the Baltic countries, each of which exported roughly 15 percent of the total.
		In India, the Philippine Republic, Australia, and New Zealand, there are plans to increase plywood production, and it is believed that Japan will soon be in a position to resume her role as an exporter of great importance.
	www.fao.org /docrep/x5350e/x5350e06.htm (3348 words)

	Latvia in the EU - EUbusiness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Baltic states aim to join border-free Schengen area in 2007
		2005-09-28 08:09:12 The Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania want to join the European Union's border-free Schengen zone by late 2007, the prime ministers of the three EU newcomers said Wednesday.
		2005-05-03 10:07:30 Recognising that the Soviet occupation of the Baltic republics was illegal would be absurd and would open a Pandora's Box of other claims, a Russian analyst close to the Kremlin said Tuesday in reaction to calls for Moscow to apologise.
	www.eubusiness.com /topics/Latvia (917 words)

	Analysis: Putin's victory parade - (United Press International) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The American president said as much last Saturday when visiting Latvia, strongly condemning the Soviet annexation and occupation of the Baltic republics as a result of the World War II and claiming the spread of democracy threatens no country.
		The presidents of Estonia and Lithuania boycotted Vladimir Putin's May 9 war commemorations in protest of the Kremlin's unwillingness to acknowledge what many in the Baltic republics see as decades of unwanted Soviet occupation after the war.
		In the Netherlands over the weekend, during ceremonies commemorating fallen American soldiers in Western Europe, Bush repeated his message that not all European countries were liberated after the war.
	www.washtimes.com /upi-breaking/20050509-100718-6529r.htm (820 words)

	wikien.info: Main_Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		A military occupation governing body under an Allied Control Council as after Nazi Germany's unconditional surrender
		When a country or area is conquered after invasion and placed under Belligerent occupation, also known as Military occupation as in:
		*Occupation of the Gaza Strip, the West Bank and East Jerusalem by Israel
	pardus.info /index.php?title=Military_rule (194 words)

	NewsFromRussia.Com Russia denies it illegally annexed the Baltic republics in 1940 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Russia's point man on relations with the European Union, Sergei Yastrzhembsky, said the Baltic governments of the time had willingly invited Soviet troops into their countries and agreed to join the Soviet Union.
		The term "occupation" cannot be applied to the Baltic nations, said Sergei Yastrzhembsky, the presidential aide.
		Russia denied Thursday that it illegally annexed the Baltic nations in 1940, rejecting demands from three former Soviet republics that it admit having illegally occupied them during World War II.
	newsfromrussia.com /main/2005/05/05/59601.html (1645 words)

	Hedrick Smith Productions \| Other Programs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		A four hour PBS mini-series developed from Hedrick Smith's best-selling book, The Power Game: How Washington Works, with in-depth looks at the Presidency, The Congress, the Pentagon and the Unelected (staff, lobbyists and media) during the presidencies of Ronald Reagan and Jimmy Carter.
		A four-hour PBS series on Mikhail Gorbachev's perestroika, with Russian-speaking correspondent Hedrick Smith, telling the remarkable story of the changes in Soviet politics, economics, glasnost in the media, and the Kremlin's confronting nationalist tensions in Armenia, Uzbekistan, and the Baltic Republics.
		Hedrick Smith hosted a two-hour special on the Soviet occupation of the Baltic Republics, the new burst for freedom under perestroika and Soviet repression in Lithuania and Latvia.
	www.hedricksmith.com /PBSDoc/otherPrograms.shtml (262 words)

	RIA Novosti - Opinion & analysis - The CIS and Baltic press on Russia
		The national media unanimously applauded a resolution of the U.S. Congress urging Russia to recognize the occupation of the Baltic republics.
		The media applauded a resolution of the U.S. Congress urging Russia to apologize for the occupation of the Baltic nations.
		In unison with the government newsmakers, the media supports the multi-vector principle of the republic's foreign policy.
	en.rian.ru /analysis/20050728/40992471.html (2670 words)

	Anti-Semitism Worldwide 1998/9 - Baltic Republics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		At the beginning of 1999, the Jewish population of the three Baltic republics
		republics act as representatives to the local authorities, and to Jewish
		Baltic nationalists used these charges to justify the cooperation
	www.tau.ac.il /Anti-Semitism/asw98-9/baltic.html (1583 words)

	NewsFromRussia.Com Presidential aide: the term "occupation" inapplicable for Baltic States (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Speaking at a press conference in Moscow in view of the upcoming Russia-EU summit, Yastrzhembsky said Soviet troops had entered the Baltics in 1940 "in accordance with the agreements and expressed consent of the then governments of the [Baltic] republics, regardless of how their actions can be interpreted today."
		The presidential aide said the statement of the European Commissioner from Germany about the need for Russia to acknowledge Soviet occupation of the Baltics if it is to develop relations with the EU was "surprising."
		According to him, the statement was ill-timed, "as it was made ahead of the historic date [the V-E day celebrations in Russia are due on May 9th] and contradicts all the other statements of the EU leadership."
	newsfromrussia.com /main/2005/05/05/59605.html (1721 words)

	Jeff Jacoby (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The Soviet Union had been justified in signing the infamous Molotov-Ribbentrop pact, Putin claimed, because it had to ensure the "security of its western borders." His foreign ministry denied any wrongdoing in the Red Army's bloody occupation of the Baltic republics.
		But occupation was exactly what the Soviets inflicted on the Baltics, along with slavery, mass killing, and exile.
		The real geopolitical catastrophe of the last century was not the fall of Soviet communism but its rise and rule — the 70-year reign of a murderous ideology that killed more people, crushed more souls, and inflicted more cruelty than any other "ism" in history.
	jewishworldreview.com /jeff/jacoby051305.php3 (1118 words)

	Estonia in the EU - EUbusiness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		2005-05-27 10:29:17 Estonia will bring a case to the European Court of Justice after the EU rejected its plea to reduce the size of the sugar surplus that was allegedly built up in the Baltic state before it joined the bloc, officials said Friday.
		2005-04-22 08:06:53 The former Soviet republic of Estonia expects a border agreement with Russia to be signed before the EU-Russia summit early next month, Estonian Foreign Minister Urmas Paet said Friday.
		2005-03-18 07:42:57 A meeting in Paris between leaders of France, Germany, Spain and Russia, aimed at bolstering ties between the EU and Moscow, has the Baltic state of Estonia worried that its relations with Russia will be discussed without prior consultation, officials said Friday.
	www.eubusiness.com /topics/Estonia?b_start:int=20 (880 words)

	PBS: Think Tank: Transcript for "Democracy Unleashed, Part One"
		In fact, it accepted the occupation of Soviet Union of Eastern Europe,
		War borders; recognition of its occupation of Eastern Europe; Soviet
		Republics, against dismantling of the Soviet Union, and he was losing
	www.pbs.org /thinktank/transcript1187.html (2870 words)

	Eno River Unitarian Universalist Fellowship Campus Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		My father’s family had lived in Latvia for many generations, we don’t know how long.
		They had to flee as a result of Stalin’s occupation of the Baltic republics.
		My mother’s family was a farming family, and they lived in Volynia in a village of German ethnic farmers.
	www.eruuf.org /Apr14_2002.htm (2933 words)

	Aspects of the Third Reich (review)
		Suvorov (a pseudonym) shows, on the basis of histories of Soviet military units and other sources, that a Soviet thrust toward the west was imminent before the beginning of Operation "Barbarossa" on 22 June 1941.
		Suvorov's article acts at least as a supplement to some aspects of "Barbarossa" brought up by Koch, such as the large build-up of Soviet forces in the west of the USSR as early as the spring of 1940 and the occupation of the Baltic republics (pages 290ff.).
		Another section, which was first published in 1977, the section by Broszat on the "Final Solution" (pages 390-429), must be contrasted with the Leuchter Report, which disproves the assertion that mass, factory-like executions of Jews took place in Auschwitz in lethal gas chambers there.
	www.ihr.org /jhr/v10/v10p241_Weber.html (2166 words)

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