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Topic: Oceanic basin


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  Ocean Basins
Oceanic Ridges - these are the oceanic spreading centers where a relatively small range of chemical compositions of basalts are erupted to form the basaltic layer of the oceanic crust.
Oceanic Islands - these are islands in the ocean basins that generally occur away from plate boundaries, and are often associated with hot spots, as discussed previously.
Similarly contamination with oceanic sediment is unlikely because, even though ocean sediment exists in the deep ocean basins, the OIB magmas are not likely to come in contact with much sediment because they are passing through large volcanic structures to reach the surface of the island.
www.tulane.edu /~sanelson/geol212/ocean_basins.htm   (6207 words)

  
  Oceanic basin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Hydrologically some geologic basins are both above and below sea level, such as the Maracaibo Basin in Venezuela, although geologically it is not considered an oceanic basin because it is on the continental shelf and underlain by continental crust.
Geologically, oceanic basins may be actively changing size or may be inactive, depending on whether there is a moving plate tectonic boundary associated with it.
The elements of an active oceanic basin often include the oceanic trench associated with a subduction zone.
en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Oceanic_basin   (436 words)

  
 10(p) Physiography of the Ocean Basins
All of the ocean basins were formed from volcanic rock that was released from fissures located at the mid-oceanic ridges.
In the ocean basin, the gradation from red to yellow to green to blue indicates increasing depth.
Numerous volcanoes populate the floor of the ocean basins.
www.physicalgeography.net /fundamentals/10p.html   (1036 words)

  
 The Remarkable Ocean World: The Library: Where Submarines Lurk
While the Atlantic Ocean basin and the Indian Ocean basin hold nearly the same volume of water, that of the Atlantic has been stretched across the globe while that of the Indian is confined to the southern half of the globe.
The width of the continental shelf is highly variable, depending on whether it is on the leading edge of a continent, the edge, which moves towards an ocean basin, or the trailing edge, the edge that moves away from the ocean basin.
The continental rise is this is a region beyond the continental slope, which slowly descends into the oceanic basin.
www.courseworld.com /ocean/bottom.html   (2954 words)

  
 Seafloor spreading Summary
The new oceanic crust is quite hot relative to old oceanic crust, so the new oceanic basin is shallower than older oceanic basins.
The destruction of oceanic crust occurs at subduction zones where oceanic crust is forced under either continental crust or oceanic crust.
Since the new oceanic basins are shallower than the old oceanic basins, the total capacity of the world's ocean basins decreases during times of active sea floor spreading.
www.bookrags.com /Seafloor_spreading   (1275 words)

  
 The EXPANDING EARTH - Geology   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
On that side is new oceanic crust with high heat flux and repeated horsts and grabens, in contrast with the eastern side characterized by seismic quiet and little disturbed sediment.
The north-west Pacific's oceanic crust is largely of Jurassic age and hence, in an expansion interpretation, was extruded from the mantle at a Jurassic palaeo-radius, and a correspondingly higher surface curvature (quantitative modelling, of pre-Jurassic Earth indicates palaeo-radius ~50 % present).
Oceanic crust forms directly from to the top of the mantle being exposed at mid ocean ridges as Earths' waxing internal expansion pulls the crust apart at submerged rifting fissures commonly called mid-ocean-ridges.
www.geocities.com /CapeCanaveral/Launchpad/8098/1.htm   (13217 words)

  
 Houston Geological Society
The Central Caspian is a foreland basin associated with shortening of the Caucasus Mountains and the southern area developed as a pull-apart basin during the Mesozoic.
The southern boundary of the South Caspian basin is interpreted to represent the suture that separates Laurasia from the fragments of the Gondwana supercontinent (Iran) that accumulated during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic (figure 1).
Oceanic closure (Alavi, 1992) occurred in the mid-Triassic.
www.hgs.org /OldWebsite/www/meet0101.htm   (5648 words)

  
 Ann
Oceanic lithologies of the Izmir-Ankara Ocean are observed as pieces of a discontinuous nappe on this melange.
The late Jurassic sediments overlie the oceanic assemblage of the Yusufeli Terrane with sharp angular unconformity (Şengör et al., 198O).
In the Çangal Dag area the ophiolites and the overlying metavolcanics are intruded by Mid-Jurassic granitoids (Yılmaz and Boztug, 1986) and unconformably overlain by Late Jurassic sediments indicating a pre-Mid Jurassic age for the Çangaldag Terrane.
www.metu.edu.tr /~mcgoncu/Terrmakale.htm   (7581 words)

  
 EVOLUTION OF THE ARCTIC-NORTH ATLANTIC AND THE WESTERN TETHYS--A VISUAL PRESENTATION OF A SERIES OF ...
In the domain of the oceanic Sakmarian back-arc basin, a phase of back-arc compression, at the transition from the Early to the Middle Devonian, was followed by back-arc extension during the Givetian and the resumption of back-arc compression during the earliest Carboniferous.
The subsidence of this type of back-arc basin may be induced by the decay of a long-standing subduction zone along which oceanic lithosphere and later continental lower crustal and upper mantle material were consumed whereby the Benioff zone dipped gently under the areas that subsequently were affected by extension.
This was accompanied by "escape tectonics" that apparently underlie the Neogene evolution of the Carpathians and the Hellenic arc and the partly wrench-induced subsidence of the Aegean and Pannonian back-arc basins.
www.searchanddiscovery.com /documents/97020/memoir43.htm   (13414 words)

  
 Crustal Architecture of the Cascadia Forearc   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
While Basin and Range extension is probably the primary factor affecting this pattern, variations in forearc crustal structure and backstop configuration may also influence arc magmatism by controlling the amount of oceanic crust, sediment, and water that are subducted to great depth.
The velocity of upper oceanic crustal velocities is therefore similar to that of deeply buried accreted sediments; alternatively, its velocity may increase with burial because of closing of cracks and be similar to that of lower oceanic crust.
The fate of the upper oceanic crust east of this region is uncertain (ref. 23).
quakes.oce.orst.edu /papers/cascadia.science/science.html   (6355 words)

  
 Basin - Enpsychlopedia
Sedimentary basin, a low and usually sinking region that is filled with sediments from adjacent positive areas
Basin may be a downdropped fault block, or graben, which fill with sediments
Basin, or dock, used for the reception of boats, in which the water level is maintained; see also tidal basin and canal basins
enpsychlopedia.org /psypsych/Basin   (219 words)

  
 Basin development Suriname   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
The Suriname-Guyana sedimentary basin is bound to the south by the Proterozoic rocks of the Guyana Shield, to the east by the Demerara plateau, and to the west by Lesser Antilles Arc.
A major peneplenation of the entire Suriname basin during the Aptian/Albian resulted and the break in the stratigraphy is evident throughout the basin.
Structuration is intense in the pre-Albian section, with extensional faulting during basin formation, and reverse faulting and folding during the inversion phase.
www.staatsolie.com /explorationinformation/2-3.html   (522 words)

  
 Seismic Arctic Earthquakes G.P. Avetisov.
This field is typical of oceanic basins formed as a result of the lithosphere split and subsequent ocean floor spreading.
In summary, the general conclusion is that higher seismicity of the margins of the Norwegian-Greenland Basin and Eurasian Subbasin is due, on the whole, to stresses transferred from the interplate zone of the mid-oceanic ridge and superimposed on the lithosphere activated by modern uplift.
In the oceanic part of the bay, the role of weakened zone emplaced during the spreading stage of the basin evolution seems to be essential.
www.ngdc.noaa.gov /mgg/avetisov/CHAP5.htm   (13481 words)

  
 New Stratigraphic and Palaeogeographic Results from the Palaeozoic and Early Mesozoic of the Middle Pontides (Northern ...   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
The Küre Ridge Unit was split away from the Variscan Sakarya Continent by the opening of the Karakaya oceanic rift basin during latest Permian (Dorashamian) and became a continental splinter between the Karakaya oceanic rift basin and the Küre Ocean (opened during the late Scythian).
During the late Norian, the Karakaya oceanic rift basin closed, whereas subduction at the southern (active margin) of the Küre ocean continued.
At the northern margin of the (Upper Triassic?) Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous Beykoz-Çaglayan turbidite basin (north of the Küre Complex) the accretionary complex of an older ocean, the Late Palaeozoic Paphlagonian Ocean, was exposed that yielded clasts in the Beykoz-Çaglayan turbidite basin.
www.geologia-croatica.hr /abstract/gc-53-2-01.html   (528 words)

  
 Igneous Rocks & Plate Tectonics
The oceanic islands are, in general, islands that do not occur along the divergent or convergent plate boundaries in the ocean basins.
In areas where oceanic lithosphere is subducted beneath oceanic lithosphere the volcanism is expressed on the surface as chains of islands referred to as island arcs.
In areas where oceanic lithosphere is subducted beneath continental lithosphere volcanism occurs as chains of volcanoes near the continental margin, referred to as a continental margin arc.
www.tulane.edu /~sanelson/eens211/igneous_rocks_plate_tectonics.htm   (8714 words)

  
 GulfBase - General Facts about the Gulf of Mexico
The Gulf of Mexico basin is a relatively simple, roughly circular structural basin approximately 1,500 km in diameter, filled in its deeper part with 10 to 15 km of sedimentary rocks that range in age from Late Triassic to Holocene (approximately 230 m.y.
The present Gulf of Mexico basin, in any case, is believed to have had its origin in Late Triassic time as the result of rifting within the North American Plate at the time it began to crack and drift away from the African and South American plates.
Most of the basin was rimmed during the Early Cretaceous by carbonate platforms, and its western flank was involved during the latest Cretaceous and early Tertiary in a compressive deformation episode, the Laramide Orogeny, which created the Sierra Madre Oriental of eastern Mexico.
www.gulfbase.org /facts.php   (2399 words)

  
 Dynamical Concept (Theory) of Tides
The degree to which the wave is changed is different in each oceanic basin and sub-basin.
Within each basin and sub-basin, a standing wave (a rhythmic back and forth oscillation in sea level within a sub-basin) is created by earlier tides and this further alters the tide.
basin is a remnant of the Tethys Sea, (600 –4 Mybp) which was an arm of the Panthalassa (of which the Indo-Pacific is a remnant) and also connected to the newly forming Atlantic Ocean (180 Mybp)
mason.gmu.edu /~dkelso/tideslecture.htm   (787 words)

  
 Oceanic Companies, Inc - Welcome!
Oceanic Companies, Inc. is an enterprise which brings to the market the core business of Construction Contracting and Project Management in Hawaii, Micronesia and the Marshall Islands.
The management of Oceanic Companies has personal expertise in their professional careers ranging from industrial, civil, welding and building renovation and construction to construction management.
Oceanic Companies, Inc. Construction Division provides a wide array of engineering, general and specialty contracting, plant maintenance, planning, economic and financial analysis, and is capable of providing design and build services.
www.oceaniccompanies.com   (321 words)

  
 Tectonic Control on the Creation of Supergiant Fields in the Central and South Caspian Area; Steve Hall and Vanessa ...
Isolation of the basin in a deepening foreland setting led to termination of reef growth, flooding, and deposition of mudstones and evaporites (seal) during the Permian.
To the northwest, the South Caspian basin is interpreted to extend into the Azerbaijan Caucasus, where field work has enabled us to develop a scenario for the structural evolution of these basins, consistent with the regional tectonic framework.
Uplift and loading deepened the foreland basins, resulting in flooding and sometimes the formation of a continuous seaway from the South Caspian to the Mediterranean.
www.searchanddiscovery.com /documents/hall/index.htm   (1076 words)

  
 Galapagos 2006
West of the basin the gradient of the channel is interrupted by a ‘saddle’ having a depth of 550 m lying between two submarine cones (Fig.
To the left of this feature is a smooth oceanic basin averaging 2200 m depth.
The sediment basin formed by several shield volcanoes can be seen, as well as the missing half of one of the cones that has sense fallen into the oceanic basin to the left of the Canal.
students.washington.edu /allcoug/galap.shtml   (5406 words)

  
 314
In conclusion, the Lesvos ophiolite should represent a remnant of a Tethyan oceanic basin, which was opening during Triassic in the area north of the Cimmeride terrane, including the Lesvos autochthon and the Chios allochthon.
The basement of this basin was the Demirkent intrusive complex and the amphibolites.
The oldest sequence, the Kamila Amphibolites, are tholeiitic to calc-alkali basalts, erupted on to thickened, plateau-like oceanic crust.
www.the-conference.com /JConfAbs/4/314.html   (5868 words)

  
 Theoretical Climate Dynamics - 3D Ocean Circulation
Recent developments of observing technology, both space-borne and in situ, have greatly improved oceanic data sets, in quality as well as quantity.
The study of the oceans' low-frequency variability, however, still has to rely to a large extent on models, due to the inhomogeneity and temporal shortness of the data sets; short-term predictability on synoptic time scales, on the other hand, can be studied using data assimilation.
Basin-scale oceanic motion is dominated by wind-driven (horizontal) and thermohaline (vertical) circulations.
www.atmos.ucla.edu /tcd/RESEARCH/research_ocn.html   (664 words)

  
 Basin Topography   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
A trench is formed at the subduction site and sediments eroding from the continent accumulate on the shelf or are transported into the trench (continental rises are generally absent on active margins because the presence of the trench doesn't allow for sediment to accumulate).
There are a total of 26 oceanic trenches in the world- 22 of which are found in the Pacific Ocean (3 in the Atlantic Ocean and only 1 in the Indian Ocean).
Back arc basins are most common in the Western Pacific (eg Woodlark, Fiji and Lau Basins) where old oceanic crust is steeply subducted (cf the Eastern pacific where much younger less dense oceanic crust subducts at a shallow angle).
www.odp.usyd.edu.au /odp_CD/slope/slindex2.html   (2635 words)

  
 Red Sea   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-15)
Evidence of the basin lying near sea level before initial rifting in the Gulf of Suez region indicates that the relief was generated by uplift of the rift flanks.
Further basin evolution work in the Southern Red Sea with concomitant effort in the North is needed to better constrain these times and styles of regional rifting, their associated spatially variant beta magnitudes, the regional and local partitioning of strain, and the dynamic response of the stratigraphy.
The basins are oriented en-echelon and diagonal to the axis of the Rift Valley.
www.ldeo.columbia.edu /res/pi/margins/MARGINSnet4/Egypt.html   (14014 words)

  
 Paleogeography
The Stikine and Quesnell elements are separated by the Cache Creek interarc basin.
Stresses related to the opening of the Gulf of Mexico oceanic basin cause oblique, transtensional basins to form across the southwest portion of North America.
Although the lakes are in basins, paleobotanical data suggests that their absolute elevation is near the current elevation of the deposits.
www.thenaturalamerican.com /paleogeography.htm   (1170 words)

  
 OCEANIC CIRCULATION
Thermally driven circulations in an idealized basin are compared using results from a level model with vertical layers of fixed depth (MOM 2) and a layer model based on discrete isopycnal layers (4.2.2).
The Labrador Sea is subject to freshening events that inhibit convection in the center of the basin and suppress the formation of deep water.
Oceanic nitrogen fixation and denitrification represent the major pathways for nitrogen, one of the limiting nutrients for photosynthesis.
www.gfdl.noaa.gov /reference/AR98/4OceanicCirculation.html   (7209 words)

  
 WWF - Blue River - The Danube
The Danube basin is home to a diverse system of natural habitats.
The Danube River Basin has more than 100 different species of fish – including five sturgeon species – and it is home to rare birds like the white pelican, white tailed eagle or fl stork.
In the northern and western parts of the watershed, the rapid economic growth of the 19th and 20th centuries further reduced the basin’s biodiversity, eroding lands, cutting down forests, and polluting waters.
www.panda.org /about_wwf/where_we_work/europe/where/danube_carpathian/danube_river_basin/index.cfm   (673 words)

  
 Publications: Episodes, Vol. 22-3, Septmber 1999
In the Paraná Basin, heart of industrialized Brazil, hydroelectric power derived from waterfalls developed on the Cretaceous basaltic cover, gemstones and rich soils both derived again from the basalts, and subterranean water from Jurassic eolian sandstones are the main resources.
In the Solimões Basin, development of significant reserves of gas, and less noticeably of oil, is hampered by the remoteness of the area and lack of nearby market.
For the same reasons, in the Amazonas Basin large reserves of evaporites lie untouched in the subsurface; recent gas discoveries made near the jungle capital of Manaus point to a brighter future for their exploitation.
www.iugs.org /iugs/pubs/epi22-3.htm   (2975 words)

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