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Topic: Octahedral geometry

	Octahedral molecular geometry - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The molecular geometry has eight faces (hence the prefix octa), and thus resembles the platonic solid the octahedron (although the molecule has an atom in the centre).
		Coordination chemistry, and the chemistry of octahedral transition metal compounds in particular, was developed by Alfred Werner.
		This means that when a metal is an in octahedral environment, the d-orbitals are no longer all the same energy (they lose their degeneracy).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Octahedral_molecular_geometry (492 words)

	Media Portfolio
		The molecular geometry of H2O is angular or bent.
		Angular geometry is a modification of tetrahedral molecular geometry when four electron pairs are arranged around a central atom, two of which are non-bonding, and two are bonding.
		Octahedral geometry is the most favorable structure when there are 6 electron pairs around a central atom.
	cwx.prenhall.com /bookbind/pubbooks/hillchem3/medialib/media_portfolio/10.html (2489 words)

	VSEPR: Understanding Shapes of Molecules
		With this configuration, however, the molecular geometry is bent and the H-O-H bond angle is 106.5E.
		For this reason, the molecular geometry of SF is a "see-saw" with equatorial bond angles of slightly less than 120E and axial bond - equatorial angles of slightly less than 90E.
		Below is a summary of all of the possible molecular geometries for molecules belonging to the trigonal bipyramidal family.
	www.csupomona.edu /~egoldstein/121/VSEPR6.HTM (1734 words)

	Slides33 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Removing the ligands (charges) along the z-axis to an infinite distance from the central species converts the octahedral geometry to a square planar geometry.
		Returning to an octahedral geometry, we look at the effect of having a weak ligand plus five stronger ligands.
		The tetrahedral crystal field geometry (without demonstrating how to generate the result) turns out to be the exact inverse orbital order of that seen in the octahedral geometry.
	www.andrew.cmu.edu /course/09-105/S98Slides32.html (432 words)

	Trigonal BiPyramid Geometry
		An example of toctahedral molecular geometry that results from six electron pair geometry is SF The sulfur atom has 6 valence electrons.
		Octahedral geometry is characterized by 6 electron pairs.
		The electron pair geometry is trigonal bipyramid and the molecular geometry is T-shape.
	www.elmhurst.edu /~chm/vchembook/222octahedral.html (274 words)

	Molecular Geometry
		Arriving at the geometry of a molecules requires writing a correct Lewis structure, determining the number of bonding groups and nonbonding groups on the central atom of the molecule and then recalling, from memory, the correct geometry based on the numbers of bonding and nonbonnding groups of electrons.
		An example of this geometry is CH As we replace bonding pairs with nonbonding pairs the molecular geometry become trigonal pyramidal (three bonding and one nonbonding), bent or angular (two bonding and two nonbonding) and linear (one bonding and three nonbonding).
		An example of this geometry is SF As we replace bonding pairs with nonbonding pairs the molecular geometry changes to square pyramidal(five bonding and one nonbonding) to square planar (four bonding and two nonbonding).
	intro.chem.okstate.edu /1314F00/Lecture/Chapter10/VSEPR.html (1695 words)

	Chapter 9 Assigned Homework Answers
		The electron-domain geometry and molecular geometry is linear.
		The electron-domain geometry and the molecular geometry is trigonal planar.
		A trigonal planar electron-domain geometry is assigned to 3 pairs.
	www.tarleton.edu /~alow/c54chap9.htm (1760 words)

	6 Groups/Pairs (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		When the central atom has 6 bonding pairs of electron the geometry is octahedral.
		In octahedral geometry 4 terminal atoms lie in a square plane with the remaining 2 terminal atoms perpendicular to the square plane.
		When the central atom has 4 bonding pairs of electrons and 2 nonbonding pair the geometry is square planar.
	intro.chem.okstate.edu /1314F97/Chapter9/6BPMain.html (71 words)

	Chemistry : Chapter 7 : Molecular Geometry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The geometry of a molecule is determined by arrangement of atoms around the central atom.
		Because molecular geometry is the arrangement of atoms, lone pairs are not included in the molecular geometry.
		They do, however, influence the geometry in the basic arrangement of atoms, since they count as a repelling group and their strong repelling force pushes the bonds closer together than another bond would.
	www.wwnorton.com /chemistry/concepts/chapter7/ch7_3.htm (783 words)

	Mineral Fluorescence: WebMO (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A representative octahedral crystal field was used for this compound in order to generate some data for comparison when the cation was changed to manganese, as in fluorescent calcite, but the crystal field was kept the same.
		- Mn ion in octahedral coordination with the oxygens (from carbonate ions).
		A representative octahedral crystal field was used for this compound in order to generate some data for comparison when the cation was changed to calcium but the crystal field was kept the same.
	www.sas.upenn.edu /~reillyka/SpecProj/spec_webmo.html (749 words)

	A Theoretical Study of Steric and Electronic Effects in the Rhodium-Catalyzed Carbonylation Reactions
		As regards the octahedral complexes after CH I oxidative addition, a comparison between the various models indicates that the energy gain due to the CH I oxidative addition is reduced by the steric pressure of the substituents on the ligand.
		As regards the P,P-Ph octahedral complex, the geometries in which the CO group is trans to the added CH group, or trans to one of the P atoms, are of similar energy.
		A comparison between the various models indicates that the energy barrier of the CO insertion reaction is lowered by the presence of substituents on the chelating ligands.
	pubs.acs.org /cgi-bin/abstract.cgi/jacsat/2001/123/i49/abs/ja016468z.html (316 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The coordination geometry of the central atom is described as linear.
		If, for the purposes of illustration, the electron pairs are assumed to be points then it should be clear that, for similar bond lengths, the electron pairs are necessarily further apart in the tetrahedral arrangement than in a square planar arrangement.
		In practice, this geometry is only a little disfavoured relative to the trigonal bipyramid and the square-based pyramidal geometry is very important in the interconversion of axial and equatorial environments in trigonal bipyramids.
	users.stlcc.edu /gkrishnan/shapes.html (603 words)

	ChemCases: Cisplatin - 6. Transition Metal Chemistry
		Another way that four ligands could have been arranged around the central platinum atom would have been at the corners of a tetrahedron; this is referred to as tetrahedral geometry (and is the geometry adopted by carbon atoms having four substituents in organic compounds).
		Before we address the question of different four-coordinate geometries, it is useful to examine a very common geometry in transition metal complexes: the six-coordinate, octahedral geometry.
		In an octahedral complex, six ligands are placed symmetrically along the axes of a Cartesian coordinate system (the x-, y-, and z-axes in three-dimensional space), with the metal at the origin.
	chemcases.com /cisplat/cisplat06.htm (2229 words)

	Problem 9.26 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The molecular geometry is linear (two pairs, both bonding) - this is the case of linear AB, and the molecule is nonpolar.
		(c)SO Draw the Lewis structure - the electron pair geometry is trigonal planar (the S-O double bond counts as one pair.) The molecular geometry is trigonal planar - we therefore have an AB molecule with a trigonal planar geometry.
		This molecule is of the general formula AB ; its molecular geometry is trigonal pyramidal (the only geometry for AB which leads to a nonpolar molecule is trigonal planar.) This species is polar.
	www.sou.edu /chem/ch201/ch9/9_26.htm (310 words)

	Chemical Sciences: Geometry of Hybridized Orbitals
		In order to understand molecular geometry, however, it is often necessary to consider the effect of many (ideally all) of the other orbitals on the interacting atoms.
		The square plane was not a basic shape in the valence shell electron pair approach, which explained square planar molecules as distortions of the octahedral geometry arising when six electron pairs are in the valence shell of the atom.
		Molecules or ions which have this structure are said to have octahedral structures or symmetry; sulfur hexafluoride and uranium hexafluoride are examples of such molecules.
	www.psigate.ac.uk /newsite/reference/plambeck/chem1/p02202.htm (823 words)

	Octahedral Symmetry
		Octahedral coordination of a metal occurs when six bonded atoms of coordinating ligands occupy sites that would correspond to the six vertices (corners) of a regular octahedron surrounding the metal atom.
		A regular octahedron is shown on the left, octahedral coordination in the middle, and the two are superimposed in the figure on the right.
		The reason we call it octahedral coordination is that the bonded atoms of the ligand(s) are present at what would be the verticies of a regular octahedral solid surrounding the metal.
	www.iumsc.indiana.edu /morphology/symmetry/octahedral.html (523 words)

	Molecular Shape Prediction - VSEPR Practice Molecules
		Here are forty-six molecules and ions that exhibit almost all the possibilities of molecular geometry.
		The five basic geometries of the electron domains (linear, trigonal planar, tetrahedral, trigonal bipyramidal, and octahedral) are shown in Table 9.1, p.
		The thirteen possible molecular geometries are shown in Tables 9.2, p.
	alpha.fdu.edu /~strange/LINKS/shapes04.html (350 words)

	E308: Trigonal Prismatic Hexakis(Arylthiolato)Zirconate Complexes: Experimental Complement To Theory (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		We have recently reported the existence of unexpected distortions from an octahedral geometry in several six coordinate thiolate complexes of titanium; [NMe
		complexes that indicate the trigonal prismatic geometry is favored when the interaction between metal and ligand is primarily through [sigma]-bonds.
		Furthermore, in accordance with theoretical arguments, increasing the ligand [pi]-donor ability leads to complexes favoring the octahedral geometry.
	www.hwi.buffalo.edu /ACA/ACA97/abstracts/text/E308.html (202 words)

	Ch10oddans.html (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		electron pair geometry is octahedral; molecular geometry is square pyramidal; the Br atom is sp
		, the electron pair geometry is tetrahedral, molecular geometry is bent, and the chlorine atom is sp
		One of the sp hybrid orbitals is used for a sigma bond and the other is used to hold the lone pair.
	academic.uofs.edu /faculty/NARSAVAGED1/Ch10oddans.html (259 words)

	Homework Set #4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		It wants to adopt an elongated octahedral geometry with two long, and therefore weak, axial bonds—but it can't do so with teh chelating ligands that enforce a certain geometry in the chelate "bite".
		Explain the effect on the d-orbital energies when an octahedral complex is stretched along the z axis.
		However, MnF3 is in a distorted geometry, with Mn-F distances of 179, 191, and 209 pm (two of each).
	www.brynmawr.edu /Acads/Chem/sburgmay/chem231/set4_04.html (1099 words)

	[No title]
		O all have the same electron domain geometry, but they each have a different molecular geometry and different bond angles.
		All of the molecules have 4 electon domains around the central atom so they all have a "tetrahedral" electron domain geometry.
		The increasing number of lone pairs results in a decrease in the bond angles in the molecule (as shown on page 310 of your text).
	pegasus.cc.ucf.edu /~jparadis/chem2045/WS14.html (144 words)

	Ch110_Lec 18_8 Oct.
		Examples of the various molecular geometries discussed belwo may be found in the
		Trigonal bipyramidal with angles of 90° and 120° results when the valance shell is expanded to accommodate 10 electrons in five pairs.
		Octahedral with angles of 90° results when the valance shell is expanded to accommodate 12 electrons in six pairs.
	www.humboldt.edu /~rap1/C110.F03/C110Notes/C110_lec18.htm (1151 words)

	Media Portfolio
		Although four charge clouds results in a tetrahedral electronic geometry, the molecular geometry is subsequently determined by looking only at the bonding pairs of electrons.
		Regular octahedral geometry of an atom surrounded by six charge clouds.
		Due to the observed geometry of the molecule, the central carbon must be sp hybridized and the other two carbons are sp2 hybridized.
	wps.prenhall.com /wps/media/objects/602/616516/Chapter_07.html (1765 words)

	SparkNotes: SAT Chemistry: Molecular Shape
		Determine the structural pair geometry for the molecule by arranging the electron pairs so that the repulsions are minimized (based on the table).
		In both molecular arrangements, the electronic geometry is octahedral, with 90˚ angles.
		The top figure has a molecular geometry known as “seesaw,” while the bottom figure has a molecular geometry that is more stable, known as square planar.
	www.sparknotes.com /testprep/books/sat2/chemistry/chapter4section8.rhtml (894 words)

	Coordination Number 6 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		For coordination number 6, there are 2 basic geometries, trigonal prismatic and octahedral, and distorted versions thereof.
		Most compounds with a coordination number of 6 adopt an octahedral geometry.
		In case of 6 monoatomic ligands, an undistorted octahedron also has the high octahedral symmetry and belongs to the point group O
	www.d.umn.edu /~pkiprof/ChemWebV2/Coordination/CN6.html (78 words)

	Ch109_LecSup_4 April
		Trigonal bipyramidal with angles of 90° and 120° results when the valance shell is expanded to accomodate 10 electrons in five pairs.
		Octahedral with angles of 90° results when the valance shell is expanded to accomodate 12 electrons in six pairs.
		These two electron pair geometries can lead to six new molecular geometries in addition to another way to make a linear molecule:
	www.humboldt.edu /~rap1/C109.Su02/C109Notes/C109nVSEPRsup.htm (437 words)

	Answer Key to Problem Set 9 - Chem 056 Spring 2005
		Assuming that Pt(IV) forms octahedral complexes, (a) write the formulas for the five compounds based on the dissociation results, (b) draw three-dimensional sketches of the complexes, (include isomers that are possible), and (c) name each compound.
		One possibility is a planar hexagonal structure, with the metal occupying the central position and with a ligand at each corner of the hexagon.
		O is a weak-field ligand, thus, in all the hexaaqua octahedral species of the above ions, the metal is in a high-spin state.
	bouman.chem.georgetown.edu /S02/sol9/sol9.htm (1300 words)

	CCP4 Interface: Distinguish Ca2+ from Mg2+? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The concentration of Ca is a few folds higher than that of Mg The metal ions have good octahedral geometry and both Mg and Ca could fit and be well refined.
		You have observed an octahedral ligand sphere (indicative for Mg) with an average metal-to-ligand distance of 2.3Å (indicative for Ca However, be cautious!
		Finally, one contributor to the discussion stated that, "Mg should be always octahedrally coordinated and an average Mg to O distance of 2.1Å.
	spec.ch.man.ac.uk /prog_man/ccp4/ccp4i/modules/appendices/distinguishCaMg.html (1305 words)

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